文件操作fopen, fclose, fread, fwrite, fseek, ftell

最新推荐文章于 2021-03-21 15:33:57 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2021-03-21 15:33:57 发布 · 986 阅读

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C/C++

本文深入探讨了C语言中的文件操作函数，包括fopen、fclose、fread、fwrite、fseek和ftell的基本用法及注意事项，旨在帮助程序员掌握C语言中文件处理的核心技能。

fopen

FILE * fopen ( const char * filename, const char * mode );

fclose

int fclose ( FILE * stream );

fread

size_t fread ( void * ptr, size_t size, size_t count, FILE * stream );

Read block of data from stream

Reads an array of count elements, each one with a size of size bytes, from the stream and stores them in the block of memory specified by ptr.

The position indicator of the stream is advanced by the total amount of bytes read.

The total amount of bytes read if successful is (size*count).

fwrite

size_t fwrite ( const void * ptr, size_t size, size_t count, FILE * stream );

Write block of data to stream

Writes an array of count elements, each one with a size of size bytes, from the block of memory pointed by ptr to the current position in the stream.

The position indicator of the stream is advanced by the total number of bytes written.

Internally, the function interprets the block pointed by ptr as if it was an array of (size*count) elements of type unsigned char, and writes them sequentially to stream as if fputc was called for each byte.

fseek

int fseek ( FILE * stream, long int offset, int origin );

Reposition stream position indicator

Sets the position indicator associated with the stream to a new position.

For streams open in binary mode, the new position is defined by adding offset to a reference position specified by origin.

For streams open in text mode, offset shall either be zero or a value returned by a previous call to ftell, and origin shall necessarily be SEEK_SET.

If the function is called with other values for these arguments, support depends on the particular system and library implementation (non-portable).

The end-of-file internal indicator of the stream is cleared after a successful call to this function, and all effects from previous calls to ungetc on this stream are dropped.

On streams open for update (read+write), a call to fseek allows to switch between reading and writing.

Parameters

stream

Pointer to a FILE object that identifies the stream.

offset

Binary files: Number of bytes to offset from origin.
Text files: Either zero, or a value returned by ftell.

origin

Position used as reference for the offset. It is specified by one of the following constants defined in <cstdio>exclusively to be used as arguments for this function:

Constant	Reference position
SEEK_SET	Beginning of file
SEEK_CUR	Current position of the file pointer
SEEK_END	End of file *

* Library implementations are allowed to not meaningfully support SEEK_END (therefore, code using it has no real standard portability).

ftell

long int ftell ( FILE * stream );

Get current position in stream

Returns the current value of the position indicator of the stream.

For binary streams, this is the number of bytes from the beginning of the file.

For text streams, the numerical value may not be meaningful but can still be used to restore the position to the same position later using fseek (if there are characters put back using ungetc still pending of being read, the behavior is undefined).

参考资料

http://www.cplusplus.com/