Hints (Transact-SQL)

最新推荐文章于 2025-10-21 22:09:11 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-10-21 22:09:11 发布 · 621 阅读

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本文介绍了SQL Server中查询提示的使用方法及其作用，包括如何通过提示覆盖查询优化器选择的执行计划，以及如何在SELECT等语句中指定提示来调整数据库操作行为。

Hints are option or strategies specified for enforcement by the SQL Server query prosessor on SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, OR DELETE statements. The hints override any execution plan the query optimizer might select for a query.

Caution:
Because the SQL Server query optimizer typically selects the best execution plan for a query, we recommend that <join_hint>, <query_hint>, and <table_hint> be used only as a last resort by experienced developers and database administrators.

Query hints specify that the indicated hints should be used throughout the query. Query hints affect all operators in the statement. If UNION is involved in the main query, only the last query involving a UNION operation can have the OPTION clause. Query hints are specified as part of the OPTION clause. If one or more query hints causes the query optimizer not to generate a valid plan, error 8622 is raised.

Retrieves rows from the database and enables the selection of one or many rows or columns from one or many tables. The full syntax of the SELECT statement is complex, but the main clauses can be summarized as:

[ WITH <common_table_expression>]

SELECT select_list [ INTO new_table ]

[ FROM table_source ] [ WHERE search_condition ]

[ GROUP BY group_by_expression ]

[ HAVING search_condition ]

[ ORDER BY order_expression [ ASC | DESC ] ]

The UNION, EXCEPT and INTERSECT operators can be used between queries to combine or compare their results into one result set.

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