c++11与c风格路径拼接速度对比

c++11的std库中没有提供路径拼接的功能，

比如我需要将  "d:\\temp\\robin"  和   "..\\config.ini" 路径拼接，

这里用c++11的stingstream实现一个：

string& replace_str(string& str, const string& to_replaced, const string& newchars)
{
	for (string::size_type pos(0); pos != string::npos; pos += newchars.length())
	{
		pos = str.find(to_replaced, pos);
		if (pos != string::npos)
			str.replace(pos, to_replaced.length(), newchars);
		else
			break;
	}
	return   str;
}

// windows
std::string combinePath(const char *dir, const char* name)
{
	
	//printf("%s  +  %s\n", dir, name);
	if (dir == nullptr || name == nullptr)
		return "";
	string temp = dir;
	replace_str(temp, "/", "\\");
	std::stringstream oss(temp);
	std::deque<std::string> vecDir;
	std::deque<std::string> vecName;

	string part;
	while (std::getline(oss, part, '\\'))
	{
		if (part.length() == 0)
			continue;
		vecDir.emplace_back(part);
	}


	temp = name;
	replace_str(temp, "/", "\\");
	oss.clear();
	oss.str(temp);
	while (std::getline(oss, part, '\\'))
	{
		if (part.length() == 0)
			continue;
		vecName.emplace_back(part);
	}

	int index = 0;
	while (index < vecName.size())
	{
		if (vecName[0] == ".")
		{
			vecName.pop_front();
		}
		//else if (vecName[0].find("..") != vecName[0].npos)
		else if (vecName[0] == "..")
		{
			vecName.pop_front();
			if (vecDir.size() > 1)
				vecDir.pop_back();
		}
		else
		{
			vecDir.emplace_back(vecName[0]);
			vecName.pop_front();
		}
	}

	oss.clear();
	oss.str("");
	for (int i=0; i<vecDir.size(); i++)
	{
		oss << vecDir[i];
		if (vecDir.size() == 1 || i < (vecDir.size() - 1))
		{
			oss << "\\";
		}
	}

	return oss.str();
}

测试方法：

void test1()
{
	cout << combinePath("d:\\temp\\robin\\", "..\\demo\\config.ini") << endl;
	cout << endl;

	cout << combinePath("d:", "..\\demo\\config.ini") << endl;
	cout << endl;

	cout << combinePath("d:\\temp\\robin", "../demo/config.ini") << endl;
	cout << endl;

	cout << combinePath("d:\\temp\\robin", "./config.ini") << endl;
	cout << endl;

	cout << combinePath("d:\\temp\\robin", "config.ini") << endl;
	cout << endl;

	cout << combinePath("d:\\temp\\robin\\", "\\config.ini") << endl;
	cout << endl;
}

测试发现，release使用O2优化，能平均在2~4微秒左右，还是不够快啊，

用c重新实现一遍：

// 字符串范围内，逆向查找
const char *  strrfind(const char *begin, const char *end, const char c)
{
	const char * buf = end;
	while (buf >= begin)
	{
		if (*buf == c)
			return buf;
		buf--;
	}
	return nullptr;
}
size_t  combinePathC(char ** buffer, const char * dir, const char *name)
{
	int n1 = strlen(dir);
	int n2 = strlen(name);
	size_t len =  n1 + n2 + 2;
	char *buf = new char[len];
	*buffer = buf;

	memcpy(buf, dir, n1);
	size_t len1 = n1;

	// 末尾保证有一个"\"
	if (buf[n1-1] == '\\')
	{
		len1 = n1;
	}
	else
	{
		buf[n1] = '\\';
		len1 = n1+1;
		
	}
	buf[len1] = '\0';

	// len1++示当前拼接的长度
	size_t index = 0;
	char * rPart = (char *)name;
	size_t len2 = n2;
	while (index < n2)   // 使用index向后滑动，直到末尾
	{
		// 滑动后当前位置
		rPart = (char *)name + index;
		char * tmp = (char *)strchr(rPart, '\\');
		if (tmp == nullptr)   // end here
		{
			// 拼接剩下的
			len2 = n2 - index;
			memcpy(buf + len1, rPart, len2);
			len1 += len2;
			buf[len1] = '\0';
			len1++;

			break;
		}

		// 当前找到的长度
		len2 = tmp - rPart;
		if (len2 == 0)     // 遇到 "\config.ini"，去掉1个字符
		{
			index += 1;
		}
		else if (len2 == 1 && rPart[0] == '.')   // 遇到 ".\config.ini"，去掉2个字符
		{
			index += 2;
		}
		else if (len2 >= 2 && rPart[0] == '.')  // 遇到 "..\config.ini", "..x\config.ini"去掉3个字符，末尾去掉一个目录
		{
			index += len2 + 1;
			const char * back = strrfind(buf, buf + len1 - 2 , '\\');   // 从末尾的"\"前一个字符开始找
			if (back == nullptr)
			{
				// dir 当前是这样的情况，"d:\”
			}
			else if ((back - dir) == 2)  // dir 当前是这样的情况，"d:\temp\”
			{
				len1 = 3;
				buf[3] = '\0';
			}
			else                        // dir 当前是这样的情况，"d:\temp\test1\”
			{
				len1 = back - buf + 1;
				buf[len1] = '\0';
			}
		}
		else    //  遇到首字符不为点 "x\config.ini",  
		{
			index += len2 + 1;
			memcpy(buf + len1, name + index, len2 + 1);
			len1 += len2 + 1;
		}
	}

	return len1;
}

测试一下：

    char * buf = nullptr;
	size_t len;

	
	len = combinePathC(&buf, "d:\\temp\\robin\\", "config.ini");

	cout << buf << endl;

	len = combinePathC(&buf, "d:\\temp\\robin", "config.ini");

	cout << buf << endl;*/

	len = combinePathC(&buf, "d:\\temp\\robin", ".\\config.ini");
	cout << buf << endl;

	len = combinePathC(&buf, "d:\\temp\\robin", "..\\config.ini");
	cout << buf << endl;

	len = combinePathC(&buf, "d:\\temp\\robin", "...\\config.ini");
	cout << buf << endl;

测试发现，平均在0.2微秒左右；

打完收功！