安卓利用SurfaceView实现拍照功能

 安卓开发中，除了使用自带的相机外，还可以自己实现自定义相机，通常是使用SurfaceView来实现预览拍照功能。
 直接贴代码：
 主界面Activity:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener, SurfaceHolder.Callback {
    private SurfaceView camera_sf;
    private Button camera_btn;
    //安卓硬件相机
    private Camera mCamera;
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    public static final String FILE_PATH = "filePath";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initViews();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        if (null == mCamera) {
            mCamera = getCustomCamera();
            if (mHolder != null) {
                //开户相机预览
                previceCamera(mCamera, mHolder);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        if (null != mCamera) {
            mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null);
            //停止预览
            mCamera.stopPreview();
            //释放相机资源
            mCamera.release();
            mCamera = null;
        }
    }

    private void initViews() {
        this.camera_sf = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.camera_sf);
        this.camera_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.camera_btn);
        this.camera_btn.setOnClickListener(this);
        camera_sf.setOnClickListener(this);
        //获取SurfaceView的SurfaceHolder对象
        mHolder = camera_sf.getHolder();
        //实现SurfaceHolder.Callback接口
        mHolder.addCallback(this);

    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.camera_sf://点击可以对焦
                if (null != mCamera)
                    mCamera.autoFocus(null);
                break;
            case R.id.camera_btn://点击进行拍照
                startTakephoto();
                break;
        }
    }

    private void startTakephoto() {
        //获取到相机参数
        Camera.Parameters parameters = mCamera.getParameters();
        //设置图片保存格式
        parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);
        //设置图片大小
        parameters.setPreviewSize(480, 720);
        //设置对焦
        parameters.setFocusMode(Camera.Parameters.FOCUS_MODE_AUTO);
        //设置自动对焦
        mCamera.autoFocus(new Camera.AutoFocusCallback() {
            @Override
            public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) {
                if (success) {
                    mCamera.takePicture(null, null, new Camera.PictureCallback() {
                        @Override
                        public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
                            dealWithCameraData(data);
                        }
                    });
                }
            }
        });
    }

    //保存拍照数据
    private void dealWithCameraData(byte[] data) {
        FileOutputStream fos = null;
        String tempStr = "/sdcard/ldm/";
        //图片临时保存位置
        String fileName = tempStr + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg";
        File tempFile = new File(fileName);
        try {
            fos = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
            //保存图片数据
            fos.write(data);
            fos.close();
            Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ShowResultActivity.class);
            intent.putExtra(FILE_PATH, fileName);
            startActivity(intent);
            finish();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        previceCamera(mCamera, holder);
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
        mCamera.stopPreview();
        previceCamera(mCamera, holder);
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        if (null != mCamera) {
            mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null);
            //停止预览
            mCamera.stopPreview();
            //释放相机资源
            mCamera.release();
            mCamera = null;
        }
    }

    private Camera getCustomCamera() {
        if (null == mCamera) {
            //使用Camera的Open函数开机摄像头硬件
            mCamera = Camera.open();
            //Camera.open()方法说明：2.3以后支持多摄像头，所以开启前可以通过getNumberOfCameras先获取摄像头数目，
            // 再通过 getCameraInfo得到需要开启的摄像头id，然后传入Open函数开启摄像头，
            // 假如摄像头开启成功则返回一个Camera对象
        }
        return mCamera;
    }

    private void previceCamera(Camera camera, SurfaceHolder holder) {
        try {
            //摄像头设置SurfaceHolder对象，把摄像头与SurfaceHolder进行绑定
            camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
            //调整系统相机拍照角度
            camera.setDisplayOrientation(90);
            //调用相机预览功能
            camera.startPreview();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

主界面布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:id="@+id/activity_main"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        >

    <SurfaceView
            android:id="@+id/camera_sf"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            />

    <Button
            android:id="@+id/camera_btn"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="开始拍照"
            android:textSize="16sp"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:layout_margin="15dp"
            />
</LinearLayout>

拍照后显示出来：

public class ShowResultActivity extends Activity {
    private ImageView result_iv;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_result);
        result_iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.result_iv);
        showPic2ImageView();
    }

    private void showPic2ImageView() {
        String filePath = getIntent().getStringExtra(MainActivity.FILE_PATH);
        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(filePath)) {
            try {
                FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filePath);
                Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fis);
                Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
                //通过Matrix把图片旋转90度
                matrix.setRotate(90);
                bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), matrix, true);
                result_iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

这个界面的布局就只一个ImageView用来显示图片，代码就省了。不要忘记添加权限：

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>