opencv之matchTemplate

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原创最新推荐文章于 2023-11-22 10:58:45 发布 1.7w 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

opencv基础57-模板匹配cv2.matchTemplate()-＞(目标检测、图像识别、特征提取) OpenCV 提供了模板匹配（Template Matching）的功能，它允许你在图像中寻找特定模板（小图像）在目标图像中的匹配位置。模板匹配在计算机视觉中用于目标检测、图像识别、特征提取等领域。：首先，加载目标图像和要匹配的模板图像。：选择适当的匹配方法，例如 cv2.TM_CCOEFF、cv2.TM_CCOEFF_NORMED、cv2.TM_CCORR、cv2.TM_CCORR_NORMED、cv2.TM_SQDIFF 或 cv2.TM_SQDIFF_NORMED。每种方法对应不同的匹配计算方式。阅读详情

C++: void matchTemplate(InputArray image, InputArray templ, OutputArray result, int method)

image: 搜索对象图像 It must be 8-bit or 32-bit floating-point.

templ:模板图像，小于image，并且和image有相同的数据类型

result:比较结果必须是单通单32位浮点数

method：比较算法总共有六种如下所示

method=CV_TM_SQDIFF

$R(x,y)= \sum _{x',y'} (T(x',y')-I(x+x',y+y'))^2$

method=CV_TM_SQDIFF_NORMED

$R(x,y)= \frac{\sum_{x',y'} (T(x',y')-I(x+x',y+y'))^2}{\sqrt{\sum_{x',y'}T(x',y')^2 \cdot \sum_{x',y'} I(x+x',y+y')^2}}$
method=CV_TM_CCORR

$R(x,y)= \sum _{x',y'} (T(x',y') \cdot I(x+x',y+y'))$
method=CV_TM_CCORR_NORMED

$R(x,y)= \frac{\sum_{x',y'} (T(x',y') \cdot I(x+x',y+y'))}{\sqrt{\sum_{x',y'}T(x',y')^2 \cdot \sum_{x',y'} I(x+x',y+y')^2}}$
method=CV_TM_CCOEFF

$R(x,y)= \sum _{x',y'} (T'(x',y') \cdot I'(x+x',y+y'))$

where

$\begin{array}{l} T'(x',y')=T(x',y') - 1/(w \cdot h) \cdot \sum _{x'',y''} T(x'',y'') \\ I'(x+x',y+y')=I(x+x',y+y') - 1/(w \cdot h) \cdot \sum _{x'',y''} I(x+x'',y+y'') \end{array}$
method=CV_TM_CCOEFF_NORMED

$R(x,y)= \frac{ \sum_{x',y'} (T'(x',y') \cdot I'(x+x',y+y')) }{ \sqrt{\sum_{x',y'}T'(x',y')^2 \cdot \sum_{x',y'} I'(x+x',y+y')^2} }$

#include<opencv2\core\core.hpp>
#include<opencv2\highgui\highgui.hpp>
#include<opencv2\imgproc\imgproc.hpp>
#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

Mat src,tmpl,result;
int  matchMethod = 0;
Mat src_gray,tmpl_gray;

void on_match(int,void*);

int main()
{
	src = imread("fruits.jpg");
	tmpl = imread("template.jpg");
	
	if (!src.data)
		return-1;
	cvtColor(src,src_gray,CV_RGB2GRAY);

	if (!tmpl.data)
		return-1;
	cvtColor(tmpl,tmpl_gray,CV_RGB2GRAY);

	namedWindow("MatchImage");
	namedWindow("Result");
	createTrackbar("匹配算法","MatchImage",&matchMethod,5,on_match);

	on_match(matchMethod,0);

	waitKey();
	return 0;

}

void on_match(int,void*)
{
	Mat img = src_gray.clone();
	matchTemplate(src_gray,tmpl_gray,result,matchMethod);
	///定位
	double minValue,maxValue;
	Point minLoc,maxLoc;
	Point matchLoc;
	minMaxLoc(result,&minValue,&maxValue,&minLoc,&maxLoc,Mat());

	if( matchMethod  == CV_TM_SQDIFF || matchMethod == CV_TM_SQDIFF_NORMED )
    { matchLoc = minLoc; }
  else
    { matchLoc = maxLoc; }

	rectangle(img,matchLoc,Point(matchLoc.x+tmpl.cols,matchLoc.y+tmpl.rows),Scalar::all(0),2,8,0);
	rectangle( result, matchLoc, Point( matchLoc.x + tmpl.cols , matchLoc.y + tmpl.rows ), Scalar::all(0), 2, 8, 0 );

	imshow("MatchImage",img);
	imshow("Result",result);

}