ARM 体系结构系列——数据处理指令

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ARM 体系结构与编程专栏

本文详细解析了ARM指令集中的ASR（算术右移并保持符号），LSL（逻辑左移），LSR（逻辑右移无符号），ROR（循环右移）和RRX（带进位右移）的原理及用法，并通过实例演示了它们在实际编程中的应用，涵盖了立即数和寄存器操作的不同形式。

1. 指令功能

ASR provides the signed value of the contents of a register divided by a power of two. It copies the sign bit into vacated bit positions on the left.
LSL provides the value of a register multiplied by a power of two. LSR provides the unsigned value of a register divided by a variable power of two. Both instructions insert zeros into the vacated bit positions.
ROR provides the value of the contents of a register rotated by a value. The bits that are rotated off the right end are inserted into the vacated bit positions on the left.
RRX provides the value of the contents of a register shifted right one bit. The old carry flag is shifted into bit[31]. If the S suffix is present, the old bit[0] is placed in the carry flag.

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2. 指令举例

●　<immediate>

	MOV R0, #0xFC0 ;令R0的数值为0xFC0

●　<Rm>

	MOV R0, #1
	MOV R1, R0
	ADD R2, R0, R1

●　<Rm>, LSL #<shift_imm>

	MOV		R0, #0xF1
	MOV		R0, R0, ROR #6
	MOV		R1, R0, LSL #1
	;R0 0xc4000003 = "1100 0100 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0011"
	;R1 0x88000006 = "1000 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0110"

●　<Rm>, LSL <Rs>

	MOV		R0, #0xF1
	MOV		R0, R0, ROR #6
	MOV		R1, #2
		
	MOV		R2, R0, LSL R1
	;R0 0xc4000003 = "11000100000000000000000000000011"
	;R1 0x1000000C = "00010000000000000000000000001100"

●　<Rm>, LSR #<shift_imm>

	MOV		R0, #0xF1
	MOV		R0, R0, ROR #6
	MOV		R1, R0, LSR #1
	;R0 0xc4000003 = "11000100000000000000000000000011"
	;R1 0x62000001 = "01100010000000000000000000000001"

●　<Rm>, LSR <Rs>

	MOV		R0, #0xF1
	MOV		R0, R0, ROR #6
	MOV		R1, #0x2
		
	MOV		R2, R0, LSR R1
	;R0 0xc4000003 = "11000100000000000000000000000011"
	;R2 0x31000000 = "00110001000000000000000000000000"

●　<Rm>, ASR #<shift_imm>

	MOV		R0, #0xF1
	MOV		R0, R0, ROR #6

	MOV 	R1, R0, ASR #1
	MOV		R2, R0, ASR #2
	;R0 0xc4000003 = "11000100000000000000000000000011"
	;R1 0xE2000001 = "11100010000000000000000000000001"
	;R2 0xF1000000 = "11110001000000000000000000000000"

●　<Rm>, ASR <Rs>

	MOV		R0, #0xF1
	MOV		R0, R0, ROR #6
	MOV		R3, #1
	MOV 	R1, R0, ASR R3
	MOV 	R3, #2
	MOV		R2, R0, ASR R3
	;R0 0xc4000003 = "11000100000000000000000000000011"
	;R1 0xE2000001 = "11100010000000000000000000000001"
	;R2 0xF1000000 = "11110001000000000000000000000000"

●　<Rm>, ROR #<shift_imm>

	MOV		R0, #0xF1
	MOV		R0, R0, ROR #6
	;R0 0xc4000003 = "11000100000000000000000000000011"

●　<Rm>, ROR <Rs>

	MOV		R0, #0xF1
	MOV 	R1, #6
	MOV		R0, R0, ROR R1
	;R0 0xc4000003 = "11000100000000000000000000000011"

●　<Rm>, RRX

	MOV		R0, #0xF1
	MOV		R0, R0, ROR #6
		
	MOV 	R1, R0, RRX
	;R0 0xc4000003 = "11000100000000000000000000000011"	
	;R1 0x62000001 = "01100010000000000000000000000001"

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