Abstract
Recently, the ionic and radical mechanisms of the reaction of autocondensation to hardened resins of polyflavonoid tannins induced by weak Lewis acids, in particular silicic acid, but also others have been described.1–7 The relative balance of their contribution to hardening of the two types of mechanism differs according to the type of tannin used—with the difference in structure of the tannin repeating unit, with the degree of polymerization of the tannin, and particularly with the level of colloidal state of the tannin solution.5–7 Autocondensation of flavonoid tannins by cellulose-induced catalysis has also been identified and described for both ionic and radical mechanisms.3,7
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Meikleham N.; Pizzi A.; Stephanou A. Induced accelerated autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins for phenolic polycondensates—Part 1:13C NMR, 29Si NMR, X-ray and polarimetry studies and mechanism. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 54:1827 (1994).
Pizzi A.; Meikleham N.; Stephanou A. Induced accelerated autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins for phenolic polycondensates—Part 2: cellulose effect and application. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 55:929 (1995).
Pizzi A.; Meikleham N. Induced accelerated autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins for phenolic polycondensates—Part 3: CP-MAS 13C NMR of different tannins and models. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 55:1265 (1995).
Merlin A.; Pizzi A. An ESR study of the silica-induced autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 59:945 (1996).
Masson E.; Merlin A.; Pizzi A. Comparative kinetics of the induced radical autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins—Part 1: modified and non-modified tannins. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 60:263 (1996).
Masson E.; Pizzi A.; Merlin A. Comparative kinetics of the induced radical autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins—Part 2: flavonoid units effects. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 64:243 (1997).
Masson E.; Pizzi A.; Merlin A. Comparative kinetics of the induced radical autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins-Part 3: micellar reactions vs. cellulose surface catalysis. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 60:1655 (1996).
Pizzi A.; Meikleham N.; Dombo B.; Roll W. Autocondensation-based, zero emission, tannin adhesives for particleboard. Holz Roh Werkstoff 53:201 (1995).
Pizzi, A. Wood adhesives chemistry and technology, Vol. 1. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York (1983).
Pizzi, A. Advanced wood adhesives technology, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York (1994).
Sealy-Fisher V.J.; Pizzi A. Increased pine tannin extraction and wood adhesives development by phlobaphenes minimization. Holz Roh Werkstoff 50:212 (1992).
Pizzi A.; Stephanou A. Comparative and differential behaviour of pine vs. pecan nut tannin adhesives for particleboard. Holzforschung und Holzverwertung 45 (2): 30 (1993).
Pizzi A.; Valenzuela J.; Westermeyer C. Low-formaldehyde emission, fast-pressing, pine and pecan tannin adhesives for exterior particleboard. Holz Roh Werkstoff 52:311 (1994).
Trosa A.; Pizzi A. Industrial hardboard and other panels binder from tannin/furfuryl alcohol in absence of formaldehyde. Holz Roh Werkstoff 56:213 (1998).
Pizzi A.; Walton T. Non-emulsifiable, water-based diisocyanate adhesives for exterior plywood. Holzforschung 46:541 (1992).
Pizzi A.; von Leyser E.P.; Valenzuela J.; Clark J.G. The chemistry and development of pine tannin adhesives for exterior particleboard. Holzforschung 47:164 (1993).
Garcia R.; Pizzi A.; Merlin A. Ionic polycondensation effects on the radical autocondensation of polyflavonoid tannins. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 65:2623 (1997).
Garcia, R. Developpement de resines thermodurcissables et de haute performance a base de tannins. Doctoral thesis, University Henri Poincaré Nancy 1, Nancy, France (1998).
Garcia R.; Pizzi A. Polycondensation and autocondensation networks in polyflavonoid tannins-Part 1: final networks. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 70:1083 (1998).
Garcia R.; Pizzi A. Polycondensation and autocondensation networks in polyflavonoid tannins—Part 2: polycondensation vs. autocondensation. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 70:1093 (1998).
Garcia R.; Pizzi A. Cross-linked and entanglement networks in thermomechanical analysis of polycondensation resins. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 70:1111 (1998).
Pizzi A. On the correlation of some theoretical and experimental parameters in polycondensation cross-linked networks. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 63:603 (1997).
Trosa, A. Developpement de resines phenoliques synthetiques thermodurcissables diluées avec resines naturelles et de dechet en utilisant des durcisseurs nouveaux pour basse emission de formaldehyde. Doctoral thesis, University Henri Poincaré Nancy 1, Nancy, France (1999).
Noferi M.; Masson E.; Merlin A.; Pizzi A.; Deglise X. Antioxydant characteristics of hydrolysable and flavonoid tannins-an ESR kinetic study. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 63:475 (1997).
Kaspar H.R.E.; Pizzi A. Industrial plasticizing/dispersion aids for cement based on polyflavonoid tannins. J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 59:1181 (1996).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pizzi, A. (1999). Tannin Autocondensation and Polycondensation for Zero Emission Tannin Wood Adhesives. In: Gross, G.G., Hemingway, R.W., Yoshida, T., Branham, S.J. (eds) Plant Polyphenols 2. Basic Life Sciences, vol 66. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4139-4_45
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4139-4_45
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-306-46218-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-4139-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
