1922 United States Senate elections
November 7, 1922
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32 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate 49 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Results of the elections: Democratic gain Democratic hold Republican gain Republican hold Farmer–Labor gain No election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1922 United States Senate elections were elections that occurred in the middle of Republican President Warren G. Harding's term. The 32 seats of Class 1 were contested in regular elections, and special elections were held to fill vacancies. With the Republicans divided between conservative and progressive factions, the Democrats gained six net seats from the Republicans while the Farmer–Labor party gained one. The Republicans retained their Senate majority.
Mid-term vacancies would reduce the Republican majority by a further two seats, with the Democrats and the Farmer Labors picking up another seat each, reducing Republicans to a 51-43-2 majority.
Gains, losses, and holds
[edit]Retirements
[edit]One Republican and two Democrats retired instead of seeking re-election. One Republican retired instead of seeking election to finish the unexpired term and one Democrat retired instead of seeking election to finish the unexpired term.
Defeats
[edit]Nine Republicans and three Democrats sought re-election but lost in the primary or general election. One Republican sought election to finish the unexpired term and sought election to a full term but lost in both the special election and the regular election.
Post-elections changes
[edit]| State | Senator | Replaced by |
|---|---|---|
| Colorado | Samuel D. Nicholson | Alva B. Adams |
| Illinois | Medill McCormick | Charles S. Deneen |
| Minnesota | Knute Nelson | Magnus Johnson |
Change in composition
[edit]Before the elections
[edit]At the beginning of 1922.
| D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | ||
| D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 | D10 | D9 |
| D19 | D20 | D21 Ariz. Ran |
D22 Fla. Ran |
D23 Ga. (sp) Retired |
D24 Miss. Retired |
D25 Mo. Ran |
D26 Mont. Retired |
D27 Neb. Ran |
D28 Nev. Ran |
| R59 W.Va. Ran |
R60 Wis. Ran |
D36 Wyo. Ran |
D35 Va. Ran |
D34 Utah Ran |
D33 Texas Ran |
D32 Tenn. Ran |
D31 R.I. Ran |
D30 Ohio Ran |
D29 N.M. Ran |
| R58 Wash. Ran |
R57 Vt. Retired |
R56 Pa. (sp cl.3) Ran |
R55 Pa. (reg) Pa. (sp cl.1) Ran |
R54 N.D. Ran |
R53 N.Y. Ran |
R52 N.J. Ran |
R51 Minn. Ran |
R50 Mich. Ran |
R49 Mass. Ran |
| Majority → | |||||||||
| R39 | R40 | R41 | R42 Calif. Ran |
R43 Conn. Ran |
R44 Del. (reg) Del. (sp) Ran |
R45 Ind. Ran |
R46 Iowa (sp) Retired |
R47 Maine Ran |
R48 Md. Ran |
| R38 | R37 | R36 | R35 | R34 | R33 | R32 | R31 | R30 | R29 |
| R19 | R20 | R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 | R27 | R28 |
| R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 | R10 | R9 |
| R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | ||
After the elections
[edit]| D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | ||
| D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 | D10 | D9 |
| D19 | D20 | D21 Ariz. Re-elected |
D22 Del. (sp) Del. (reg) Gain[b] |
D23 Fla. Re-elected |
D24 Ga. (sp) Hold |
D25 Ind. Gain |
D26 Md. Gain |
D27 Mich. Gain |
D28 Miss. Hold |
| D38 Utah Re-elected |
D37 Texas Hold |
D36 Tenn. Re-elected |
D35 R.I. Re-elected |
D34 N.Y. Re-elected |
D33 N.M. Re-elected |
D32 N.J. Gain |
D31 Nev. Hold |
D30 Mont. Hold |
D29 Mo. Re-elected |
| D39 Va. Re-elected |
D40 Wash. Gain |
D41 W.Va. Gain |
D42 Wyo. Re-elected |
FL1 Minn. Gain |
R53 Wis. Re-elected |
R52 Vt. Hold |
R51 Ohio Gain |
R50 Pa. (sp cl.3) Elected[c] |
R49 Pa. (sp cl.1) Pa. (reg) Elected[c] |
| Majority → | |||||||||
| R39 | R40 | R41 | R42 Calif. Re-elected |
R43 Conn. Re-elected |
R44 Iowa (sp) Hold |
R45 Maine Re-elected |
R46 Mass. Re-elected |
R47 Neb. Gain |
R48 N.D. Hold |
| R38 | R37 | R36 | R35 | R34 | R33 | R32 | R31 | R30 | R29 |
| R19 | R20 | R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 | R27 | R28 |
| R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 | R10 | R9 |
| R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | ||
| Key |
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Race summaries
[edit]Special elections during the 67th Congress
[edit]In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1922; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Delaware (Class 1) |
T. Coleman du Pont | Republican | 1921 (appointed) | Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Democratic gain. Winner also elected to the next term; see below. |
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| Georgia (Class 3) |
Rebecca Latimer Felton | Democratic | 1922 (appointed) | Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Democratic hold. |
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| Iowa (Class 2) |
Charles A. Rawson | Republican | 1922 (appointed) | Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 7, 1922. Republican hold. |
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| Pennsylvania (Class 1) |
David A. Reed | Republican | 1922 (appointed) | Interim appointee elected November 7, 1922. Winner also elected to the next term; see below. |
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| Pennsylvania (Class 3) |
George W. Pepper | Republican | 1922 (appointed) | Interim appointee elected November 7, 1922. |
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Elections leading to the 68th Congress
[edit]In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1923; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Arizona | Henry F. Ashurst | Democratic | 1912 (new state) 1916 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
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| California | Hiram Johnson | Republican | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Connecticut | George P. McLean | Republican | 1911 1916 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Delaware | T. Coleman du Pont | Republican | 1921 (appointed) | Interim appointee lost election. Democratic gain. |
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| Florida | Park Trammell | Democratic | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Indiana | Harry S. New | Republican | 1916 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic gain. |
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| Maine | Frederick Hale | Republican | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected September 11, 1922. |
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| Maryland | Joseph I. France | Republican | 1916 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
Others
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| Massachusetts | Henry Cabot Lodge | Republican | 1893 1899 1905 1911 1916 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
Others
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| Michigan | Charles E. Townsend | Republican | 1911 1916 |
Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
Others
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| Minnesota | Frank B. Kellogg | Republican | 1916 | Incumbent lost re-election. Farmer–Labor gain. |
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| Mississippi | John S. Williams | Democratic | 1908 (early) 1916 |
Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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| Missouri | James A. Reed | Democratic | 1911 1916 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
Others
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| Montana | Henry L. Myers | Democratic | 1911 1916 |
Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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| Nebraska | Gilbert Hitchcock | Democratic | 1911 1916 |
Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Nevada | Key Pittman | Democratic | 1913 (special) 1916 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
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| New Jersey | Joseph S. Frelinghuysen | Republican | 1916 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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| New Mexico | Andrieus A. Jones | Democratic | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| New York | William M. Calder | Republican | 1916 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
Others
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| North Dakota | Porter J. McCumber | Republican | 1899 1905 1911 1916 |
Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold. |
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| Ohio | Atlee Pomerene | Democratic | 1911 1916 |
Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Pennsylvania | David A. Reed | Republican | 1922 (appointed) | Interim appointee elected. Winner was also elected to finish the current term; see above. |
Others
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| Rhode Island | Peter G. Gerry | Democratic | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Tennessee | Kenneth McKellar | Democratic | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Texas | Charles A. Culberson | Democratic | 1899 1905 1911 1916 |
Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
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| Utah | William H. King | Democratic | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Vermont | Carroll S. Page | Republican | 1908 (special) 1910 1916 |
Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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| Virginia | Claude A. Swanson | Democratic | 1910 (appointed) 1911 (appointed) 1912 (special) 1916 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Washington | Miles Poindexter | Republican | 1910 1916 |
Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
Others
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| West Virginia | Howard Sutherland | Republican | 1916 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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| Wisconsin | Robert M. La Follette | Republican | 1905 1911 1916 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
Others
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| Wyoming | John B. Kendrick | Democratic | 1916 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Closest races
[edit]Fourteen races had a margin of victory under 10%:
| State | Party of winner | Margin |
|---|---|---|
| Delaware (special) | Democratic (flip) | 0.1% |
| Delaware (regular) | Democratic (flip) | 0.43% |
| Utah | Democratic | 0.47% |
| Massachusetts | Republican | 0.8% |
| Washington | Democratic (flip) | 1.2% |
| Michigan | Democratic (flip) | 2.2% |
| Indiana | Democratic (flip) | 3.1% |
| Ohio | Republican (flip) | 3.2% |
| West Virginia | Democratic (flip) | 3.6% |
| North Dakota | Republican | 4.56% |
| Missouri | Democratic | 4.6% |
| Maryland | Democratic (flip) | 7.0% |
| Connecticut | Republican | 6.8% |
| Rhode Island | Democratic | 8.8% |
The tipping point state is Pennsylvania with a margin of 25.5%.
Arizona
[edit]November 7, 1922
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County results Ashurst: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% | |||||||||||||||||
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| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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| Democratic | Henry F. Ashurst (Incumbent) | 39,722 | 65.03% | |
| Republican | James H. McClintock | 21,358 | 34.97% | |
| Majority | 13,864 | 30.06% | ||
| Turnout | 61,080 | |||
| Democratic hold | ||||
California
[edit]November 7, 1922
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County results Johnson: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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| Republican | Hiram Johnson (Incumbent) | 564,422 | 62.17% | |
| Democratic | William J. Pearson | 215,748 | 23.76% | |
| Prohibition | H. Clay Needham | 70,748 | 7.79% | |
| Socialist | Upton Sinclair | 56,982 | 6.28% | |
| Majority | 348,674 | 38.41% | ||
| Turnout | 907,900 | |||
| Republican hold | ||||
Connecticut
[edit]November 7, 1922
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McLean: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% 90–100% Spellacy: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% | |||||||||||||||||
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| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | George P. McLean (Incumbent) | 169,524 | 52.49% | |
| Democratic | Thomas J. Spellacy | 147,276 | 45.60% | |
| Socialist | Isadore Polsky | 6,161 | 1.91% | |
| Majority | 22,248 | 6.89% | ||
| Turnout | 322,961 | |||
| Republican hold | ||||
Delaware
[edit]There were 2 elections in Delaware.
Delaware (special)
[edit]November 7, 1922
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| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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| Democratic | Thomas F. Bayard Jr. | 36,954 | 49.65% | |
| Republican | T. Coleman du Pont (Incumbent) | 36,894 | 49.57% | |
| Forward | Frank Stephens | 581 | 0.78% | |
| Majority | 60 | 0.08% | ||
| Turnout | 74,429 | |||
| Democratic gain from Republican | ||||
Delaware (regular)
[edit]November 7, 1922
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County results Bayard: 50–60% Pont: 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||
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| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Thomas F. Bayard Jr. | 37,304 | 49.81% | |
| Republican | T. Coleman du Pont (Incumbent) | 36,979 | 49.38% | |
| Forward | Frank Stephens | 608 | 0.81% | |
| Majority | 325 | 0.43% | ||
| Turnout | 74,891 | |||
| Democratic gain from Republican | ||||
Florida
[edit]November 7, 1922
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County results Trammell: 70–80% 80–90% >90% | |||||||||||||||||
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| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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| Democratic | Park Trammell (Incumbent) | 45,707 | 88.27% | |
| Independent Republican | W. C. Lawson | 6,074 | 11.73% | |
| Majority | 39,733 | 76.54% | ||
| Turnout | 51,781 | |||
| Democratic hold | ||||
Georgia (special)
[edit]October 12, 1922
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| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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| Democratic | Walter F. George | 60,436 | 54.64% | |
| Democratic | Thomas W. Hardwick | 36,328 | 32.85% | |
| Democratic | Seaborn Wright | 12,820 | 11.59% | |
| Democratic | John R. Cooper | 1,018 | 0.92% | |
| Majority | 24,108 | 21.79% | ||
| Turnout | 110,602 | |||
| Democratic hold | ||||
In the special general election held November 7, 1922, George was unopposed.
Indiana
[edit]November 7, 1922
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County results Ralston: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% Beveridge: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% | |||||||||||||||||
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| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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| Democratic | Samuel M. Ralston | 558,169 | 51.55% | |
| Republican | Albert J. Beveridge | 524,558 | 48.45% | |
| Majority | 33,611 | 3.10% | ||
| Turnout | 1,082,727 | |||
| Democratic gain from Republican | ||||
Iowa (special)
[edit]November 7, 1922
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County results Brookhart: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% Herring: 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||
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| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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| Republican | Smith W. Brookhart | 389,751 | 63.11% | |
| Democratic | Clyde L. Herring | 227,833 | 36.89% | |
| Majority | 161,918 | 27.22% | ||
| Turnout | 617,584 | |||
| Republican hold | ||||
Maine
[edit]November 7, 1922
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County Results Hale: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% Curtis: 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||
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| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
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| Republican | Frederick Hale (Incumbent) | 101,026 | 57.50% | |
| Democratic | Oakley C. Curtis | 74,660 | 42.50% | |
| Majority | 26,366 | 15.00% | ||
| Turnout | 175,686 | |||
| Republican hold | ||||
Maryland
[edit]November 7, 1922
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County results France: 40–50% 50–60% Bruce: 50–60% 60–70% | |||||||||||||||||
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