鵯
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]鵯 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+8, 19 strokes, Cangjie input 竹十竹日火 (HJHAF), four-corner 27427, composition ⿰卑鳥)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1492, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47010
- Dae Jaweon: page 2022, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4641, character 9
- Unihan data for U+9D6F
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 鵯 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 鹎 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 捭 | *preːʔ |
| 牌 | *breː, *breː |
| 郫 | *breː, *bre, *be |
| 蠯 | *breː, *be, *breːŋʔ |
| 猈 | *breːʔ, *breː |
| 稗 | *breːs |
| 粺 | *breːs |
| 𥱼 | *breː |
| 豍 | *peː |
| 箄 | *peː, *pe, *peʔ |
| 錍 | *pʰeː, *pe |
| 睥 | *pʰeːs |
| 渒 | *pʰeːs, *pe |
| 鼙 | *beː |
| 鞞 | *beː, *pe, *peʔ, *peːŋʔ |
| 椑 | *beː, *pe, *beɡ, *beːɡ |
| 崥 | *beː, *peʔ |
| 髀 | *beːʔ, *peʔ, *piʔ |
| 卑 | *pe |
| 鵯 | *pe, *pʰiɡ |
| 裨 | *pe, *be |
| 痺 | *pe |
| 碑 | *pre |
| 婢 | *peʔ, *beʔ |
| 諀 | *pʰeʔ |
| 脾 | *be |
| 埤 | *be |
| 陴 | *be |
| 蜱 | *be, *mbew |
| 焷 | *be |
| 螷 | *be, *breːŋʔ |
| 庳 | *beʔ |
| 琕 | *biːŋ |
| 萆 | *beɡ, *slɯʔ |
| 綼 | *biɡ, *peːɡ |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: bēi
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄟ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bei
- Wade–Giles: pei1
- Yale: bēi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bei
- Palladius: бэй (bɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /peɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bei1
- Yale: bēi
- Cantonese Pinyin: bei1
- Guangdong Romanization: béi1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pei̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: pjie
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*pe/, /*pʰiɡ/
Definitions
[edit]鵯
Compounds
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]- bulbul (a kind of bird)
Readings
[edit]
Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鵯 |
| ひよどり Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 鵯鳥 白頭鳥 (rare) |
Compound of ひよ (hiyo, onomatopoeia for the bird's call) + 鳥 (tori, “bird”).[1][2][3][4][5] The tori changes to dori as an instance of rendaku (連濁). The 鵯 kanji spelling is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 鵯 / 鹎 (bēi). See also the alternative spelling 鵯鳥, explicitly spelling out the tori ("bird") portion using the 鳥 (tori, “bird”) kanji.
Date of first attestation is currently uncertain.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [çijo̞do̞ɾʲi]
- (Tokyo) ひよどり [hìyódórí] (Heiban – [0])[3][6]
- (Tokyo) ひよどり [hìyóꜜdòrì] (Nakadaka – [2])[3][5][6]
Noun
[edit]鵯 • (hiyodori) ←ひよどり (fiyodori)?
- [date unknown] brown-eared bulbul, Hypsipetes amaurotis
- [date unknown] (more generally) any kind of bulbul, a bird in the family Pycnonotidae
Usage notes
[edit]As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ヒヨドリ (hiyodori).
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鵯 |
| ひよ Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
Appears to be a clipping of the hiyodori reading,[1][3] likely based on the sound of the bird's call.
First attested in 1822.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- [from 1823] a bulbul, a bird in the family Pycnonotidae; more specifically, the brown-eared bulbul, Hypsipetes amaurotis
Etymology 3
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鵯 |
| ひえどり Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
Alternative name for hiyodori.[1][2][3][4] Two derivations are discussed:
- May be a sound shift from hiyodori.[4]
- May be a compound of 稗 (hie, “millet”) + 鳥 (tori, “bird”), from the way the bird might eat millet.[4]
One reference claims that the brown-eared bulbul does not eat millet.[4] However, other sources indicate that this bird does eat seeds, potentially including millet.[7][8]
First attested in the 本草和名 (Honzō Wamyō, literally “Japanese names of the true herbs”), a medicinal reference work from 918 CE.[1][2] This reading appears to be less common in modern usage, and dictionaries may not include a full entry for this.[3][5]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]鵯 • (hiedori) ←ひえどり (fiedori)?
- [from 918] (uncommon) a bulbul, a bird in the family Pycnonotidae; more specifically, the brown-eared bulbul, Hypsipetes amaurotis
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 “鵯”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 “鵯”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen][2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 “ヒヨドリ・鵯”, in 日本辞典 (Nihon Jiten, “Japan Dictionary”) (in Japanese), 2007–2017.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Mark Brazil (8 March 2016), “Noisy bulbuls change with the seasons”, in The Japan Times[3], retrieved 13 April 2026
- ^ Japan Bird Research Association (13 April 2026 (last accessed)), “Brown-eared Bulbul”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)[4]
- “▲鵯”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][5] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]鵯 • (pil) (hangeul 필, revised pil, McCune–Reischauer p'il, Yale phil)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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