olahraga

Indonesian

Etymology

Derived from Malay olahraga, compound of olah (“to process”) +‎ raga (“body”), from calque from Japanese 体操(たいそう) (taisō, “gymnastics, exercises, calisthenics”, literally “body exercise”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [olahˈraɡa]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: o‧lah‧ra‧ga

Noun

olahraga

1. exercise; any activity intended to improve physical strength and fitness

   Synonyms: latihan, pemanasan, riadat, senam

2. sport,
   1. any activity that uses physical exertion or skills competitively under a set of rules that is not based on aesthetics
   2. something done for fun, regardless of its design or intended purpose

Usage notes

• The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay olahraga.
• The sense "exercise" only refers to physical exercise, not mental exercise.
  • However, "mind sports" like chess still fall under olahraga because they are also considered sports, fitting the "sport" sense of the term.

Derived terms

• berolahraga
• keolahragaan
• memberolahragakan
• mengolahragakan
• peolahraga

• olahraga adaptif
• olahraga air
• olahraga amatir
• olahraga bela diri
• olahraga berkuda
• olahraga bersepeda
• olahraga demonstrasi
• olahraga dirgantara
• olahraga ekshibisi
• olahraga ekstrem
• olahraga elektronik
• olahraga kardio
• olahraga kedirgantaraan
• olahraga khusus
• olahraga memanah
• olahraga menembak
• olahraga musim dingin
• olahraga otak
• olahraga prestasi
• olahraga profesional
• olahraga rekreasi
• olahraga ringan
• olahraga rutin
• olahraga salju
• olahraga ski
• olahraga tarung
• olahraga tradisional
• olahraga udara
• olahraga uji

• sepatu olahraga

Further reading

• “olahraga”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Etymology

Compound of olah +‎ raga, calque from Japanese 体操(たいそう) (taisō, “gymnastics, exercises, calisthenics”, literally “body exercise”).

Pronunciation

• (Southern Peninsular Malaysia Standard) IPA^(key): [o.lah.ra.ɡə]

  • Audio (Malaysia):

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -ɡə, -ə
• (Literary Standard) IPA^(key): [o.lah.ra.ɡa]
  • Rhymes: -ɡa, -a
• Hyphenation: o‧lah‧ra‧ga

Noun

olahraga (Jawi spelling اولهراݢ, uncountable)

1. (sports) A group of sporting activities including track and field, road running, cross country and racewalking; athletics.

Usage notes

The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian olahraga.

Synonyms

• atletik (uncommon in Malaysia, sole standard in Indonesia)

Hypernyms

• sukan

Further reading

• "olahraga" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "olahraga" at PRPM first version)