Parium

Parium
archaeological site (en) , ancient city (en) , polis (en) da köy (Türkiye) (mul)
Bayanai
Ƙasa	Turkiyya
Ƙasantuwa a yanayin ƙasa	Marmara Region (en)
State of conservation (en)	preserved (en)
Wuri
40°25′N 27°04′E
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Turkiyya
Il (mul)	Çanakkale ili (mul)
Ilçe (mul)	Biga ilçesi (mul)

Parium (ko Parion; Girkanci: ) birni ne na Girka na Mysia)" id="mwDg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Adrasteia (Mysia)">Adrasteia a Mysia a kan Hellespont . Bishop dinsa ya kasance sufragán na Cyzicus, babban birni na lardin Roma na Hellespontus .

Tarihi

An shi a cikin 709 BC, tsohon birnin Parion yana cikin ƙauyen Kemer a cikin garin Çanakkale" id="mwGQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Biga, Çanakkale">Biga a lardin Çanakkale na Turkiyya, a halin yanzu. Babban birni ne na bakin teku tare da tashar jiragen ruwa guda biyu a zamanin Roman, Parium yana da dangantaka mai zurfi da Thrace da Anatolia a duk tarihin. Wannan ita ce babbar tashar kwastam inda duk kayayyakin Istanbul daga Girka da Aegean suka wuce.

A cewar Strabo, mulkin mallaka ne na Milesians, Erythraeans, da Parians. Tsohon marubutan sun bayyana cewa Parion, ɗan Jason ne ya kafa shi.

Ya kasance a wani lokaci na Daular Achaemenid . Herophantus ya kasance mai mulkin kama karya na Parion a ƙarƙashin Darius I .

Daga nan sai ta kasance cikin Delian League. A zamanin Hellenistic ya zo ƙarƙashin yankin Lysimachus, kuma daga baya Daular Attalid. A zamanin Roman, wani yanki ne, a cikin lardin Asiya; bayan an raba lardin a karni na 4, yana cikin lardin Hellespontus. Tsohon tsabar kudi na Parium yana da yawa, yana tabbatar da babban fitarwa da kuma ci gaba da mint (a zamanin Hellenistic, lambar birnin da aka nuna a kan tsabar kudi ita ce Gorgoneion).

Ayyukan shahadar Onesiphorus sun tabbatar da cewa akwai al'ummar Kirista a yankin kafin 180. Sauran tsarkaka da suka cancanci ambaton su sune: Saint Menignus, wanda aka yi shahada a ƙarƙashin Sarkin sarakuna Decius kuma ake girmamawa a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba; Saint Theogenes, bishop da shahadar, wanda ake yin bikin ne a ranar 3 ga Janairu; Basil the Confessor, bishop kuma shahadar a karni na 8, ana girmama shi a ranar 12 ga Afrilu.

Le Quien (Oriens christianus I, 787-90) ya ambaci bishops 14, na ƙarshe daga cikinsu ya rayu a tsakiyar karni na 14. An ambaci wani bishop na Latin da ba a san shi ba a cikin 1209 ta Paparoma Innocent III (Le Quien, op. cit., III, 945), kuma wani bishop mai suna a cikin 1410 ta Eubel (Hierarchia Catholica medii ævi, I, 410).

Da farko ya zama sufragane na babban bishop na Cyzicus, Parium ya zama babban bishop mai cin gashin kansa tun farkon 640 (Heinrich Gelzer, Ungedruckte ... Texte, 535). A farkon karni na 14, Sarkin sarakuna Andronikos II Palaiologos ya sanya Parium babban birni, ta hanyar haɗa shi da Pegae, yayin da dukansu biyu suka fuskanci raguwa a cikin mamayewar Turkoman. A cikin shekara ta 1354 an bayyana babban birnin Pegae-Parium a matsayin kusa da ɓacewa. Babban birni mai ci ya karbi Sozopolis a Thrace (Miklosich da Müller, "Acta patriarchatus Constantinopolitani", I, 109, 111, 132, 300, 330), da fatan cewa zai tallafa wa sauran biyu a tattalin arziki. Koyaya, ba da daɗewa ba babban birni ya ɓace.

An haɗa wannan gabatarwa a cikin jerin sunayen Ikilisiyar Katolika.

Rushewar Parium tana ƙarƙashin mulkin Ottoman a ƙauyen Girka na Kamares (gidan ajiya), a kan ƙaramin cape Tersana-Bournou a cikin caza da sandjak na Bigha .

Archaeology

Masu binciken tarihi suna gudanar da tonowa a wurin tsohuwar tun shekara ta 2005. An gano sarka da kaburbura, da kayan tarihi na dā a yankin. A cikin 2017, an gano kayan wasa na dā daga zamanin Hellenistic a cikin kaburbura na yara, waɗanda aka yi imanin cewa an binne su da manufar bin yara a kan tafiyarsu zuwa bayan rayuwa. Har ila yau, an gano kwalban jariri a kusa da wannan necropolis.

A Parion akwai bagade mai girma wanda, a cewar tsohon marubucin Strabo, yana da bangarori masu tsayi na Filin wasa. Wani lokaci ana rarraba ginin a matsayin daya daga cikin abubuwan al'ajabi bakwai na duniya, amma babu wata shaidar archaeological game da shi.

Shahararrun mutane

• Herophantos (Girkanci na dā) na Parion, mai mulkin kama karya na Parion .
• Peregrinus Proteus, masanin falsafa ne a cikin karni na biyu.

Dubi kuma

• Jerin biranen Girka na dā

Manazarta

• P. Frisch (ed.), Die Inschriften von Parion (Bonn, 1983) (Inschriften griechischer Städte aus Kleinasien 25).

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