Dumisyan (s tlatinit: Titus Flavius Domitianus), ilul deg useggas 51, yemmut deg 96 S.Ɛ, d amenkad aṛumani i yeṭṭfen adabu gar useggas 81 d 96 S.Ɛ. D netta i d amenkad aneggaru n twacult n Yiflavyanen (Flaviens), s deffir n baba-s Vespasyan akked gma-s Titus.
Tallit n Dumisyan d tin yeččuren d timlelliyin: ɣas akken yella d anedbal ameqqran i iṣegmen tadamsa n Ṛuma yerna isebded-d aṭas n yiɣsaren yessewhamen, maca ineggura n yiseggasen-is rran-t d azamul iḥemmlen tamḥeqranit, akukru, d uqelleb ɣef wid i s-yugin awal.
Ṛuma teṛɣa s tmes deg useggas 80 S.Ɛ (deg lweqt n gma-s Titus). Mi d-yewweḍ Dumisyan ɣer udabu, yeṭṭef ɣef yir-is ad yuɣal ad yebnu tamanaɣt s wudem atrar yerna yif akken tella:
Axxam n Umenkad: Yebna aɣrem ameqqran ɣef udrar n Palatin (Domus Augustana), i d-yegran d axxam n yimenkaden i d-itebɛen alamma d taggara n tmenkda.
Tamuɣli tamatut(Panurama) n yinestimen(ixerban) n Balatin akken i d-ttbanen seg Wafentin. Ɣef zelmaḍ, d igulaz n uzgen-tawinest(IKSIDRA) ameqqran [N 1] n Domus Augustana, deg tlemmast d udem n Wunnar, ma ɣef yefus, d igulaz n temṣukt n usenned n Domus Severiana.
Mi d-yewweḍ Dumisyan ɣer udabu, yufa-d tamanaɣt Ṛuma tebges ad d-tebnu iman-is s deffir n tmes tameqqrant i tt-yewten. Maca, netta ur yebɣi ara kan ad yebnu i lɣaci, yebɣa ad d-yessebded asɣim ameqqran n udabu ara d-isbeggnen tanezmart-is d tmanegt-is. Ɣef waya, yeṭṭef taɣtest ad yebnu "Axxam n Umenkad" ɣef udrar n Balatin (Palatin), i wumi semman Domus Augustana akked Domus Flavia. Abennu-ya ur yelli ara d axxam kan am yixxamen n yimenkaden i t-id-yezwaren, maca d taseddart taùaynut deg tsegda taṛumanit. Iger-d amasgad-is yesɛan tirmit tameqqrant, isem-is Rabiryus (Rabirius), ad ibeddel akk udem n udrar-nni akken ad yissin ad isers lsas n yiwet n tzeɣwa timzuxant ur nettwaẓri ara yakan deg umezruy n Ṛuma. Rabiryus yessexdem ingawen imaynuten deg uṣuk, isebded leḥyuḍ d iɣraben ɛlayen s ssiman d rrxam akken ad ibedd wexxam-a mgal akud.
Aɣrem yebna Dumisyan.
Axxam-a n umenkad yebḍa ɣef sin n yeḥricen igejdanen, yal aḥric yesɛa tawuri-ines tuzzigt. Aḥric amezwaru d win iwumi qqaṛen Domus Flavia, d aḥric azayez i deg d-yettmager umenkad inebgawen-is, igensasen am yinmuhal, d yimeṛkantiyen n ṛuma. Deg uḥric-a i d-tezga tzeqqa n usɣim (Aula Regia) anda Dumisyan yettɣimi ɣef wukersi n udabu akken ad d-yefk innaḍen-is d tiɣtasin-is, akked tzeqqa tameqqrant n tgella (Triclinium) yezzin i kra n imdunen n waman swayes i d-ssekcamen tasareɣt n tezmert d cbaḥa i wemkan. Yal tiɣmert deg uḥric-a tettwazewweq s tsreɣta d tduliwin n wureɣ i d-yemmalen d akken amenkad-a d "Illu" gar yemdanen.
Aḥric wis sin, d Domus Augustana, d srid d axxam uslig anda yettidir Dumisyan d twacult-is. Amkan-a yebna s yiwet n wazal yessewhamen, yedleg s rrxam icemxen, anda amenkad yezmer ad yekkes aɣbel, yerna ad yeḥrez iman-is seg tuffra d ukukru-nni (paranoïa) i t-iḥuzan, imi yella yettaggad ayen yettwaqaren deffir uɣrab d yinguzen. Iɣraben n uḥric-a llan ttarran-d tafat am lemri akken amenkad ad yezmer ad iẓer ma yella win i d-iteddun deffir-s ad t-yenɣ. S rrif n uxxam-is, Dumisyan yerna-d yiwen n wunnar uzzig i yiman-is, i yettwassnen s yisem n Hippodrome n Dumisyan. Annar-a yella d urti ameqqran yecban annar n tazzla n yisardasen, i deg yettḥewwis umenkad yerna issexdam-it i wuraren usligen d usgunfu.
Ayen issewhamen ugar deg ubennu n wexxam-a, d akken tasegda-ines tettwaqdem s wudem iwatan almi i d-yegra d lqaleb i ḍefren yimenkaden i d-yernan deffir-s alamma d taggara n tmenkda taṛumanit. Aɣrem n Balatin yuɣal d asɣim unṣib n udabu aṛumani ayen yezrin 300 n yiseggasen. Dɣa, awal-nni n udrar n Balatin yuɣal yekcem deg tutlayin n dunnit meṛṛa s unamek n "Uxxam n Umenkad" neɣ "Palais" (Palatium), d ccfaya ur nengir i d-yeǧǧa Dumisyan i tsutwin i d-iteddun s tsegda-ines.
Iɣsaren n ddin: Isebded-d afakan ameqqran n Yubiter (Jupiter Capitolinus) s wureɣ d rrxam, i d-yemmalen tazamugt n tezmert-is.
Deg tallit n umenkad Dumisyan, lebni n yiɣsaren n ddin (tasegda tasɣant) ur yelli ara kan d aḥric n ccbaḥa neɣ n liman i yakucen(illuten), maca yella d allal asertan ameqqran. Dumisyan, i yeṭṭalaben ɣer wegdud ad t-yettwali d "Mass akked Yillu" (Dominus et Deus), yessexdem ifakanen akken ad isseǧhed adabu-ines, ad yesnekwu tawacult-is (Iflavyanen), yerna ad isbeggen tanezmart-is i d-yekkan seg yilluten n Ṛuma.
tamakiḍt n ufakan n Yibiter deg Ṛum.
Yiwen seg yisenfaren imeqqranen akk i iselkem Dumisyan d aɛiwed n lebni n wafakan n Yubiter (Jupiter), i yellan d amkan uɣris yugaren wiyaḍ akk deg Ṛuma. Afakan-a yerɣa s tmes tameqqrant deg useggas 80 S.Ɛ (deg tallit n gma-s Titu). Mi yeṭṭef Dumisyan adabu, yefka-as azal ameqqran akken ad t-id-yebnu s wudem ifazen fella-s yakan.
Yessexdem ingawen imaynuten d wallalen ɣlayen aṭas. Rrxam i d-yewwi seg tmura n berra, tiwwura yettwaɣemmen s wureɣ, d tesdarit anda yessers aṭas n tɣawsiwin n wureɣ d uẓref. Asexdem n wureɣ d tsreɣta timeqqranin d ayen i d-ijebbden allen, akken ad yefk ssebba i lɣaci ad amnen belli adabu-ines itteddu s ufus n Yubiter s timmad-is. Afakan-a yeqqim d azamul n tezmart taṛumanit mgal tiɣemmar akk n dunnit.
Akken ad iḥrez tittwaflest (crédibilité) n twacult n Yiflavyanen, Dumisyan iwekked ad yesnerni ccan n baba-s Vespasyan akked gma-s Titus, wid-nni yeṭṭfen adabu uqbel-is. Di Ruma, mi ara yemmet umenkad yelhan, Asqamu n Sina (Sénat) yettara-t d illu (apothéose). Dumisyan yebna-d afakan iwatan deg wul n temdint (Amnager Aṛumani) akken ad t-yefk d tajmilt i sin-a yimenkaden yuɣalen d illuten.
Afakan-a, i d-yegran s kra n tgejda ass-a, yettwabna s tɣariwin ɛlayen, d tecraḍ n tsreɣta i d-yemmalen isekkinen n udabu d ddin. S lebni-ya, Dumisyan yebɣa ad d-yini i wegdud belli netta d "mmi-s n yillu yerna d gma-s n yillu", ayen i t-yerran d win tuklal tmenkda s uzref asɣanan.
Adeg n "Piazza Navona" yeḥrez talɣa n wannar n Dumisyan.Annar n Dumisyan: Yebna-d annar i yecban wid n legrik, i mazal ar ass-a d amkan yettwassnen deg Ruma (Piazza Navona).
Dumisyan, i yellan iḥemmel aṭas idles d wansayen n Yigrigiyen, yefka tiɣtest ad yebnu annar-a deg useggas 86 S.Ɛ deg wemkan iwumi qqaṛen Aḥriq n Mars (neɣ urti n Mars). Iswi-ines agejdan d aseddu n yiwet n tfaska n waddal i d-yesnulfu, iwumi semman Agon Capitolinus (Turartin n Kabitul). Mgal uraren d yimenɣiwen n yigladyaṭuṛen i yettilin deg wannaren imeqqranen am Ukulisyum (Colisée) neɣ timzizlin n yikeryasen deg Usirk Ameqqran (Circus Maximus), annar n Dumisyan yettwaxdem i waddalen n tfekka d wazzal, tamḥadit, tazzla, d unṭag n tneccabin.
S wannar-a, Dumisyan yebɣa ad yesnerni tittwaflest n Ṛuma s usnerni n yidles n waddal ɣef wudem n tallit tagrigit. Yella yebɣa ad as-yesneflali i wegdud-is belli addal aquran issebɣas tafekka d tezmert, ugar n tmenɣiwt d yidammen n yigladyaṭuṛen.
Akken ad yejmeɛ ulawen n yimdanen, amenkad-a yella yeẓra belli iṛumaniyen ḥemmlen timsikniwin.
Tarrayt n udabu: Yessebded-d uraren n yigladyaturen akked temsikniwin timeqqranin i wasseḍu(i wusedhu) n wegdud. Maca, ayagi ur yelli ara kan i zzhu; yella d tarrayt n wasmurer tasertant i wakken ad isedhu lɣaci ɣef wuguren n tidet, ayen yewwin timetti ɣer yiwet n lḥala n tekufḍa (ur ttḥussun ara s wayen yeḍerrun deg tsertit tamatut).
Tasreḍt n Umenkad: Yebɣa ad yerr iman-is d illu ger yemdanen. Yeḥkem ɣef lɣaci ad t-tteddun s yisem n Dominus et Deus (Mass akked Yillu).
Dumisyan yella yekreh Asqamu n Sina (Sénat) yerna ur yettamen ula d yiwen. Aseggas s deffir useggas, akukru-ines yerna yimɣur, ladɣa mi d-yufa kra n yisenfaṛ n yimenɣiwen mgal-is.
Anagraw n uɛassi: Yessers-d yiwen n unagraw azuran n teɣellit akken ad yeẓr ayen yettwaqaren deffir uɛrur-is.
Iqeddacen n tuffra: Yuzen yal aɣalli deg tzeɣwa n Ruma, yerna yessexdem yal ameggi akken ad iḍfer iberdan n yiɛeggalen n Sina d yimɣaren n tmurt. Win yettwacekken kan belli ixulef amenkad, ad t-nɣen s yisem n "txeṣṣart n tmenkda" (maiestas).
Imi yerna deg lbaṭel, teffeɣ-as tezmart seg ufus. Asqamu n Sina, inesbuɣar, d kra n yiqerra n yisardasen uɣalen uggaden ɣef tudert-nsen.
Aseḥbiber mgal takriḍt: Deg yiseggasen-is ineggura, takriḍt-ines tewweḍ ɣer ssqef. Imi yesruḥ taflest deg wallen n wid i as-yezzin, imcawren-is ufan-d d akken ur zmiren ara ad sneflalin lbaṭel-is i wegdud neɣ i umezruy.
Timenɣiwt: Deg useggas 96 S.Ɛ, yekker-d yiwen n wanguz ameqqran gar yiqeddacen n wexxam-is (gar-asen aɛessas-is Stifanus akked tmeṭṭut-is Dumisya Lunjina). Nɣan-t s tyita n ujenwi deg uɛebbuḍ-is akked tyitwin-nniḍen ɣef tfekka-s.
Asfaḍ n uktay(ccfayat): Mi yemmut, Asqamu n Sina yeṭṭef taɣtest n Damnatio memoriae (Asfaḍ n ccfaya). Hudden iselman-is, mḥan isem-is seg yisekkilen, yerna rran-t d amedya n tmacahut n wamenkad yettwattun, akken ad d-gren tikli i wamenkad i t-id-iḍefren, Nerva.
