Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2001 Mar;125(3):1216-27.
doi: 10.1104/pp.125.3.1216.

A complete set of maize individual chromosome additions to the oat genome

R G Kynast  1 , O Riera-Lizarazu, M I Vales, R J Okagaki, S B Maquieira, G Chen, E V Ananiev, W E Odland, C D Russell, A O Stec, S M Livingston, H A Zaia, H W Rines, R L Phillips
Affiliations

A complete set of maize individual chromosome additions to the oat genome

R G Kynast et al. Plant Physiol. 2001 Mar.

Abstract

All 10 chromosomes of maize (Zea mays, 2n = 2x = 20) were recovered as single additions to the haploid complement of oat (Avena sativa, 2n = 6x = 42) among F(1) plants generated from crosses involving three different lines of maize to eight different lines of oat. In vitro rescue culture of more than 4,300 immature F(1) embryos resulted in a germination frequency of 11% with recovery of 379 F(1) plantlets (8.7%) of moderately vigorous growth. Some F(1) plants were sectored with distinct chromosome constitutions among tillers of the same plant and also between root and shoot cells. Meiotic restitution facilitated development of un-reduced gametes in the F(1). Self-pollination of these partially fertile F(1) plants resulted in disomic additions (2n = 6x + 2 = 44) for maize chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 9. Maize chromosome 8 was recovered as a monosomic addition (2n = 6x + 1 = 43). Monosomic additions for maize chromosomes 5 and 10 to a haploid complement of oat (n = 3x + 1 = 22) were recovered several times among the F(1) plants. Although partially fertile, these chromosome 5 and 10 addition plants have not yet transmitted the added maize chromosome to F(2) offspring. We discuss the development and general utility of this set of oat-maize addition lines as a novel tool for maize genomics and genetics.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Identification of maize-positive oat × maize F1 plants. PCR products of genomic DNA of oat, maize, and a selection of 27 oat × maize F1 plants are shown after electrophoresis in 1.5% (w/v) agarose gel. Bands represent 500-bp-long DNA fragments that were amplified with primers for the highly repeated maize-specific sequence tagged site marker Grande 1-LTR, which is dispersed on all maize chromosomes. Maize specificity is shown by product presence in maize DNA (second lane) and absence in oat DNA (first lane). Retained maize chromosomes are indicated in 13 out of the 27 F1 plant DNAs shown. All selected maize-positive F1 plants are then subjected to further analyses for chromosome identification.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Visualization of added maize chromatin and chromosomes in oat background. Two examples are shown for GISH by hybridizing fluorescein-labeled maize DNA without unlabeled competitor DNA to root tip meristem cells in interphase and in metaphase. Oat chromosomes are counterstained with propidium iodide (red) and maize chromosomes are yellow-green because of hybridized fluorescein-labeled probe. A, OMAm5.9, an F1 plant with monosomic addition of maize chromosome 5, illustrating that maize chromatin can be scored in F1 interphases. B, OMAd1.7, disomic addition of maize chromosome 1 to hexaploid Starter oat.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Identification of added maize chromosomes by SSRs. PCR products of genomic DNA of a selection of 10 maize-positive oat × maize F1 plants (A–J), oat, and maize are shown after electrophoresis in 4.5% (w/v) agarose gel. Bands represent DNA fragments that were amplified with SSR markers specific for one of the 10 maize chromosomes. Maize specificity is shown by presence in maize DNA and absence in oat DNA or by length polymorphisms between maize and oat.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Retention of maize chromosomes. Numbers are shown for the 10 maize chromosomes retained in F1 plants as individual chromosomes and in combination with other maize chromosomes.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Currently maintained oat-maize addition stocks.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Examples of morphological characters in oat-maize additions. A, OMAd1.7, disomic addition of maize chromosome 1 causes an erect leaf phenotype; B, leaf blades of OMA2.1 and OMA4.1, the bluish color of the chromosome 2 addition (bottom blade) contrasts the lighter green color of the chromosome 4 addition (top blade); C, OMAd3.1 shows a crooked panicle (left) compared to the normal panicle of Sun II oat (right); D, OMAm5.17, branched stem with 5 branches (arrows); E, OMAd6.1, leaf blades with necrotic and chlorotic spots (disease lesion mimics); F, OMAd7.1, the stature is reduced, but very similar to GAF Park, the oat parent; G, OMAd9.1, chromosome 9 addition with EPS-syndrome; H, OMAm10.1, grassy type with heavy tillering in young plant age; I, OMAm10.1 after flowering, some tillers form stems with panicles, but the majority of tillers senesce at immature age.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Ananiev EV, Phillips RL, Rines HW. Complex structure of knob DNA on maize chromosome 9: retrotransposon invasion into heterochromatin. Genetics. 1998;149:2025–2037. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ananiev EV, Riera-Lizarazu O, Rines HW, Phillips RL. Oat-maize chromosome addition lines: a new system for mapping the maize genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997;94:3524–3529. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Arnason TJ. Cytogenetics of hybrids between Zea mays and Euchlaena mexicana. Genetics. 1936;21:40–60. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bass HW, Riera-Lizarazu O, Ananiev EV, Bordoli SJ, Rines HW, Phillips RL, Sedat JW, Agard DA, Cande WZ. Evidence for the coincident initiation of homolog pairing and synapsis during the telomere-clustering (bouquet) stage of meiotic prophase. J Cell Sci. 2000;113:1033–1042. - PubMed
    1. Chen FQ, Hayes PM, Rivin CJ. Wide hybridization in Hordeum vulgare × Zea mays. Genome. 1991;34:603–605.

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources