Cerebellum-like structures are compared for two sensory systems: electrosensory and auditory. The electrosensory lateral line lobe of mormyrid electric fish is reviewed and the neural representation of electrosensory objects in this structure is modeled and discussed. The dorsal cochlear nucleus in the auditory brainstem of mammals is reviewed and new data are presented that characterize the responses of neurons in this structure in the mouse. Similarities between the electrosensory and auditory cerebellum-like structures are shown, in particular adaptive processes that may reduce responses to predictable stimuli. We suggest that the differences in the types of sensory objects may drive the differences in the anatomical and physiological characteristics of these two cerebellum-like structures.