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Review
. 2014 Jan;395(1):61-81.
doi: 10.1515/hsz-2013-0220.

Lipid antigens in immunity

C Marie Dowds, Sabin-Christin Kornell, Richard S Blumberg, Sebastian Zeissig
Review

Lipid antigens in immunity

C Marie Dowds et al. Biol Chem. 2014 Jan.

Abstract

Lipids are not only a central part of human metabolism but also play diverse and critical roles in the immune system. As such, they can act as ligands of lipid-activated nuclear receptors, control inflammatory signaling through bioactive lipids such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, lipoxins, resolvins, and protectins, and modulate immunity as intracellular phospholipid- or sphingolipid-derived signaling mediators. In addition, lipids can serve as antigens and regulate immunity through the activation of lipid-reactive T cells, which is the topic of this review. We will provide an overview of the mechanisms of lipid antigen presentation, the biology of lipid-reactive T cells, and their contribution to immunity.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Self-antigens involved in the activation of invariant and non-invariant NKT cells.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Selected microbial lipid antigens that activate invariant and non-invariant NKT cells.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Direct and indirect mechanisms of iNKT cell activation or modulation. β2-AR, β2-adrenergic receptor; DC, dendritic cell.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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