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Review
. 2022 Jan 16;13(1):140.
doi: 10.3390/mi13010140.

A Review on Manufacturing and Post-Processing Technology of Vascular Stents

Wei Jiang  1 , Wenxiang Zhao  2 , Tianfeng Zhou  2 , Liang Wang  1 , Tianyang Qiu  2
Affiliations
Review

A Review on Manufacturing and Post-Processing Technology of Vascular Stents

Wei Jiang et al. Micromachines (Basel). .

Abstract

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation is one of the most effective treatments for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, there are still many complications after stent implantation. As a medical device with a complex structure and small size, the manufacture and post-processing technology greatly impact the mechanical and medical performances of stents. In this paper, the development history, material, manufacturing method, and post-processing technology of vascular stents are introduced. In particular, this paper focuses on the existing manufacturing technology and post-processing technology of vascular stents and the impact of these technologies on stent performance is described and discussed. Moreover, the future development of vascular stent manufacturing technology will be prospected and proposed.

Keywords: biocompatibility; machining quality; manufacture; post-processing; vascular stents.

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Conflict of interest statement

Author W.J., W.Z., T.Z., L.W. and T.Q. declare that they have no conflict of interest with this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The braiding process of a biodegradable stent (BBS). (A) Scheme of stent production. (B) (a) geometrical model; (b) bond at the interlacing point with PCL/PPDO composite filament and PPDO monofilament; (c) sample [40], Copyright © 1999–2022 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Laser cutting process of a vascular stent.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SLA processing of vascular stents. (a) CAD images of the initial/primary design (Base Design) and a secondary design (Arrowhead Design). (b) Diagram of continuous liquid interface production microstereolithography (microCLIP) with typical projected photomasks of the stent. (c) 3D-printed base design (top) and arrowhead design (bottom) stents. (d) Scanning electron microscopy images of the base design (top) and arrowhead design (bottom) [59], Copyright © 1999–2022 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Figure 4
Figure 4
FDM processing of stents. (a) 3D printer machine and machine methodology. (b) Fabrication process [64], Copyright © 1999–2022 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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