Ofezela

Ofezela bangene esigabeni sezicabucabu. Batholakala emazwekazini wonke ahlalwa ngabantu futhi. Kukhona izinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili zofezela emhlabeni wethu, kodwa kukhona izinhlobo ezingamashumi amabili nanhlanu zofezela abayingozi kubantu kuphela. Ofezela abakhulu kunabo bonke banobukhulu ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angamashumi amabili njengofezela onerekhodi yobukhulu obizwa ngegama lesayensi ngokuthi i-Gigantometrus swammerdami (i-Giant Forest Scorpion) ehlala eNdiya. Izinhlobo zikafezela enezihlungu kunazo zonke izinhlobo ezinye ziyi-Androctonus australis (i-Yellow Fat-tailed Scorpion) futhi yi-Leiurus quinquestriatus (i-Deathstalker) ezihlala enyakatho ye-Afrika. Lezi zilwane zonke zivame ukuhlala esihlabathini nomhlabathini owanamatshe.

Okwamanje ofezela bahlukaniswe imindeni eyishumi nanthathu ngokwesayensi yezinto eziphilayo, ngayinye iqukethe izinhlobo ezihlobene eduze enye nenye.

Gigantometrus swammerdami
Androctonus australis
Leiurus quinquestriatus

Umzimba zofezela

Umzimba wofezela uhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili, ingxenye yangaphambili, kanye nengxenye yangemuva. Ingxenye yabo engaphambili yakhiwe izingxenye eziyisithupha lapho imilenze yabo eyisishiyagalombili inamathele khona.

Ofezela eningizimu ye-Afrika

Okwamanje kukhona izinhlobo eziyikhulu namashumi amahlanu zofezela eningizimu ye-Afrika kepha kukhona izinhlobo ezibili zofezela eziyingozi kubantu eNingizimu Afrika kuphela. Lezi zinhlobo ziyi-Parabuthus transvaalicus (i-Transvaal Thicktail Scorpion) futhi yi-Parabuthus granulatus (i-Rough Thicktail Scorpion) ezibangela izigameko zokutinyelwa okuningana okubulalayo iminyaka yonke eNingizimu Afrika.^[1]

ENingizimu Afrika kuhlala izinhlobo ezingu-108 zofezela, eziningi zazo zihlala empumalanga eyomile yezwe.^[2]

Ngesikhathi kunezinhlobo ezingama-63 zofezela ezitholakala ezweni elingumakhelwane, iNamibiya, kanti okungenani ezingu-40 kubikwa ukuthi ziyizilwane zaseNamibiya kuphela.^[3]

Ufezela okhethekile otholakala eNamibiya uyi-Parabuthus villosus (i-Hairy Thicktail Scorpion). Lolu hlobo olukhulu ihlala entshonalanga kanti eningizimu yase-Namibiya futhi sekubikiwe izigameko zokuhlabwa kwabantu ezibangela ukufa, njengoba iyingozi kakhulu. Ukuziphatha okuyingqayizivele kwayo wukuthi ivame ukuzulazula emini wukuthi inekhono yokukhuphuka indunduma yesihlabathi eNamib.^[4]

Parabuthus transvaalicus
Parabuthus granulatus
Parabuthus villosus

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika


Igama lesayensi	Igama lesiNgisi	Izindaba ngezinhlobo^[5]^[6]
i-Opisthacanthus capensis	i-Cape Creeper	Wuhlobo olumnyama oluhlala esifundeni kusukela iBhayi kuya iKapa kuphela lapho ithe chithi saka khona.
i-Uroplectes carinatus	i-Common Lesser-Thicktail Scorpion	Wuhlobo oluhlala emazweni aseNamibiya naseBotswana futhi eNingizimu Afrika lapho ihlala entshonalanga futhi enyakatho khona.
i-Uroplectes triangulifer	i-Highveld Lesser-Thicktail Scorpion	Wuhlobo oluhlala eNingizimu Afrika kuphela lapho ithe chithi saka khona njengaseGauteng lapho ithe chithi saka kunezinye khona.
i-Uroplectes lineatus	i-Striped Lesser-Thicktail Scorpion	Wuhlobo oluhlala esifundeni kusukela iSt Francis kuyaze iSaldanha Bay kuphela lapho ithe chithi saka khona.
i-Opistophthalmus capensis	i-Cape Burrower	Wuhlobo oluhlala entshonalanga yasesifundazweni yiNtshonalanga Kapa kuphela.
i-Parabuthus planicauda	i-Drab Thicktail Scorpion	Wuhlobo olusawolintshi oluhlala eNingizimu Afrika kuphela lapho ithe chithi saka eNtshonalanga Kapa kanti entshonalanga yaseMpumalanga Kapa kakhulukazi.
i-Parabuthus transvaalicus	i-Transvaal Thicktail Scorpion	Wuhlobo olukhulu olumnyama oluhlala enyakatho-mpumalanga yaseNingizimu Afrika, eLimpopo kakhulukazi. Lolu hlobo kanti i-Parabuthus granulatus wuhlobo olunezihlungu kunazo zonke izinhlobo ezinye eNingizimu Afrika ezibangela ezibangela izigameko zokutinyelwa okuningana okubulalayo iminyaka yonke.
i-Opisthacanthus validus	i-Drakensberg Creeper	Wuhlobo olumnyama oluhlala empumalanga yaseNingizimu Afrika kusukela iBhayi kuze iLimpopo kuphela njengaseKwaZulu-Natali lapho ithe chithi saka kunezinye khona.
i-Parabuthus capensis	i-Cape Thicktail Scorpion	Wuhlobo oluhlala entshonalanga yaseNingizimu Afrika futhi eningizimu yaseNamibiya kuphela.
i-Opistophthalmus glabrifrons	i-Rough Burrower	Wuhlobo olukhulu olunsundu oluhlala enyakatho-mpumalanga yaseNingizimu Afrika.

Ezinye izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu eningizimu ye-Afrika


Igama lesayensi	Igama lesiNgisi	Izindaba ngezinhlobo^[7]^[8]
i-Opistophthalmus carinatus	i-Radiant Burrower	Wuhlobo oluhlala emazweni aseNamibiya naseBotswana naseZimbabwe futhi eNingizimu Afrika kuphela.
i-Parabuthus granulatus	i-Rough Thicktail Scorpion	Wuhlobo olukhulu oluhlala emazweni aseNamibiya, aseBotswana futhi entshonalanga yaseNingizimu Afrika kuphela. Lolu hlobo kanti i-Parabuthus transvaalicus wuhlobo olunezihlungu kunazo zonke izinhlobo ezinye eNingizimu Afrika ezibangela izigameko zokutinyelwa okuningana okubulalayo iminyaka yonke.
i-Uroplectes planimanus	i-Orange Lesser-Thicktail Scorpion	Wuhlobo olusawolintshi oluhlala emazweni aseNamibiya naseBotswana naseZimbabwe futhi enyakatho-mpumalanga yaseNingizimu Afrika kuphela.
i-Opisthacanthus asper	i-Tree Creeper	Wuhlobo olumnyama oluhlala ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla emazweni aseZimbabwe naseMozambiki futhi empumalanga yaseNingizimu Afrika kuphela.

Imithombo

[1] Scorpions - African Snakebite Institute

[2] Common Scorpions of Kruger National Park - African Snakebite Institute

[3] Namibia’s fascinating world of Scorpions - Travel Namibia

[4] Namibia’s fascinating world of Scorpions - Travel Namibia

[5] Scorpions - African Snakebite Institute

[6] Observations · iNaturalist

[7] Scorpions - African Snakebite Institute

[8] Observations · iNaturalist

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