Solaras S1, S2, S3, S4

Solaras S3 [Grahaa Space]

Solaras S2 was a planned Indian 1U CubeSat developed by Grahaa Space (Akshath Aerospace) as a technology demonstration mission. The satellite was designed to observe solar radiation and transmit the collected data together with a beacon signal.

The primary objective of the mission was to demonstrate a compact CubeSat capable of measuring solar radiation while broadcasting telemetry and beacon data. Although intended as a technology demonstration without commercial objectives, the mission also sought to validate low-cost spacecraft technologies for scientific observations.

Solaras S2 was designed to actively involve the amateur radio community. The satellite would have continuously transmitted beacon and telemetry signals that could be received, decoded and analyzed by amateur radio operators worldwide. Their observations would have contributed to satellite health monitoring, propagation studies and mission operations while providing open access to mission data.

The mission also had a strong educational component by encouraging students and amateur satellite operators to participate in spacecraft tracking, telemetry decoding and real-time mission analysis. Through open data sharing, Grahaa Space intended to promote international collaboration and wider public participation in small satellite research.

Solaras S2 was a standard 1U CubeSat deployed from an ISISpace ISIPOD dispenser. Early mission planning envisioned launch into a 500 km orbit with a 40° inclination on an Innospace Hanbit-Nano vehicle from Brazil. However, following schedule changes, the satellite ultimately was launched on 23 December 2025, which ended in launch failure before orbital insertion.