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Harstigite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Harstigite
Dumps at Harstigen Mine
Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, VÃĪrmland County, Sweden
Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, VÃĪrmland County, Sweden
Formula:
Ca6(Mn,Mg)Be4Si6(O,OH)24
Colour:
Colorless
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
5½
Specific Gravity:
3.16
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named by G. Flink in 1886 for the type locality, Harstigen mine, Sweden.
This page provides mineralogical data about Harstigite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1822
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1822:3
IMA Classification of Harstigite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Ca6Mn2+Be4(SiO4)2(Si2O7)2(OH)2
First published:
1886
Classification of Harstigite
9.BF.05
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
F : Sorosilicates with mixed SiO4 and Si2O7 groups; cations in tetrahedral [4] and greater coordination
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
F : Sorosilicates with mixed SiO4 and Si2O7 groups; cations in tetrahedral [4] and greater coordination
57.1.1.2
57 : SOROSILICATES Si3O10 Groups and Larger Noncyclic Groups
1 : Insular Si3O10 and Larger Noncyclic Groups with [Si3O10] groups
57 : SOROSILICATES Si3O10 Groups and Larger Noncyclic Groups
1 : Insular Si3O10 and Larger Noncyclic Groups with [Si3O10] groups
14.3.20
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
3 : Silicates of Be
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
3 : Silicates of Be
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Har | IMAâCNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Harstigite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colorless
Hardness:
5½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Splintery, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
3.16 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.19 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Measured value from Moore, P.B. (1968) Relation of the manganese-calcium silicates, gageite and harstigite: a correction. American Mineralogist: 53: 1418-1420.
Optical Data of Harstigite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.678 nβ = 1.68 nγ = 1.683
2V:
Measured: 52° , Calculated: 80°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.005
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 Âĩm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 Âĩm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r >> v strong
Chemistry of Harstigite
Mindat Formula:
Ca6(Mn,Mg)Be4Si6(O,OH)24
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
F
Crystallography of Harstigite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 13.830 Å, b = 13.636 Å, c = 9.793 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.014 : 1 : 0.718
Unit Cell V:
1,846.82 Ã
Âģ (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Twinning:
Cruciform twin, composed of two orthorhombic individuals twinned on (110).
Comment:
Space Group: Pnam
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
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Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
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View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Rotation
Stop | Start
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Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0010962 | Harstigite | Hesse K F, Stumpel G (1986) Crystal structure of harstigite, MnCa6Be4[SiO4]2[Si2O7]2(OH)2 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 177 143-148 |  | 1986 | Harstigen mine, Sweden | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.35 Ã | (40) |
| 3.545 Ã | (30) |
| 3.222 Ã | (40) |
| 2.817 Ã | (50) |
| 2.788 Ã | (50) |
| 2.695 Ã | (100) |
| 2.268 Ã | (50) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits |
Type Occurrence of Harstigite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Small stout prismatic crystals without cleavage.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Swedish Natural History Museum
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Open vein in hausmannite and dolomite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Harstigite
Dutch:Harstigiet
German:Harstigit
Russian:ÐаŅŅŅÐļÐģÐļŅ
Simplified Chinese:éæąįģ
Spanish:Harstigita
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.BF.10 | Samfowlerite | Ca28Mn6Zn4(Be,Zn)4Be12[(OH)3(SiO4)3(Si2O7)2]4 |
| 9.BF.15 | Davreuxite | MnAl6Si4O17(OH)2 |
| 9.BF.20 | Queitite | Pb4Zn2(SO4)(SiO4)(Si2O7) |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Harstigite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1822.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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Mineral Dealers:
References for Harstigite
Reference List:
Flink, Gustav (1886) Mineralogiska notiser I. 14. Harstigit frÃĨn Pajsberg [Mineralogical notes I. 14. Harstigite from Pajsberg]. Bihang til Svenska vetenskapsakademien handlingar, 12 (3) 59-63
Moore, Paul B. (1968) Relations of the manganese-calcium silicates, gageite and harstigite. American Mineralogist, 53 (1-2) 309-315
Moore, Paul B. (1968) Relation of the manganese-calcium silicates, gageite and harstigite: a correction. American Mineralogist, 53 (7-8) 1418-1420
Localities for Harstigite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
â - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Italy | |
| Carati (1988) +2 other references |
Sweden (TL) | |
| Flink (1886) +3 other references |
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Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, VÃĪrmland County, Sweden