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Native Lead

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Native LeadHide

Formula:
Pb
Colour:
Grey, but often coated with white hydrocerussite or related phases
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
1½
Specific Gravity:
11.37
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
Named plumbum nigrum by Pliny the Elder, but the name was for the chemical element and not a mineral. Native lead was probably first discovered in the Långban District in the late nineteenth century and was named for the chemical element.
Native lead is rare; lead is far more commonly found and mined as the lead sulphide mineral galena. The Romans named the refined metal 'plumbum' and used it for pipes in plumbing. Its major use today is in lead-acid batteries and for radiation shields. It is also a constituent of low-melting alloys. Native lead is somewhat ductile and very malleable.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2358
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2358:6

IMA Classification of Native LeadHide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Classification of Native LeadHide

1.AA.05

1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
A : Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
A : Copper-cupalite family
Dana 7th ed.:
1.1.21.1
1.1.1.4

1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
1 : Metals, other than the Platinum Group
1.30

1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
PbIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
PbWhitney & Evans (2010)Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371

Physical Properties of Native LeadHide

Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Grey, but often coated with white hydrocerussite or related phases
Streak:
Grey
Hardness:
1½ on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Malleable
Cleavage:
None Observed
none, malleable
Fracture:
Hackly
Density:
11.37 g/cm3 (Measured)    11.341 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Native LeadHide

Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)
400nm68.7%
440nm69.4%
480nm69.6%
520nm69.8%
560nm69.3%
600nm69.1%
640nm69.3%
680nm69.5%
700nm69.6%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 69.8%.
Internal Reflections:
none
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic

Chemistry of Native LeadHide

Mindat Formula:
Pb
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Pb100.000 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Pb

Crystallography of Native LeadHide

Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m(4/m32/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Fm3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 4.9506 Å
Unit Cell V:
121.33 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Commonly as rounded masses and plates up to 60kg. Also wiry and dendritic forms. Octahedral, cubic and dodecahedral crystals up to 6 cm in size are rare.
Twinning:
Herring bone twins at 60 degrees {111}

Crystallographic forms of Native LeadHide

Crystal Atlas:
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View 3D crystal model
Lead no.1 - {111} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
View 3D crystal model
Lead no.5 - {551} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

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Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0012874Native LeadStraumanis M E (1949) The precision determination of lattice constants by the powder and rotation crystal methods and applications Journal of Applied Physics 20 726-7341949synthetic0298
0015134Native LeadDavey W P (1925) Lattice constants of twelve common metals Physical Review 25 753-7611925synthetic0293
0014949Native LeadOwen E A, Yates E L (1933) Precision measurements of crystal parameters Philosophical Magazine 15 472-4881933synthetic0291
0011154Native LeadWyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Cubic closest packed, ccp, structure Crystal Structures 1 7-8319630293
0018014Native LeadDavey W (1925) Precission measurements of the lattices of 12 simple metals _cod_database_code 1011119 Physical Review 25 753-76119250293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.855 Å(100)
2.475 Å(50)
1.493 Å(32)
1.750 Å(31)
1.1359 Å(10)
1.429 Å(9)
0.8369 Å(9)
Comments:
Synthetic

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
26 : Hadean detrital minerals
29 : Lightning-generated minerals
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics<3.5-2.5
38 : Ophiolites
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals]
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere<0.6
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals<0.36
53 : Other minerals with taphonomic origins<0.4
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals<10 Ka
54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56)
Geological Setting:
hydrothermal; also in placers, authigenic, replacing tree roots.

Synonyms of Native LeadHide

Other Language Names for Native LeadHide

Afrikaans:Lood
Arabic:رصاص
Armenian:Կապար
Basque:Berun
Belarusian:Свінец
Bengali:সীসা
Bosnian:Olovo
Catalan:Plom
Corsican:Piombu
Croatian:Olovo
Czech:Olovo
Dutch:Lood
Esperanto:Plumbo
Estonian:Plii
Farsi/Persian:سرب
Finnish:Lyijy
French:Plomb
Friulian:Plomp
Galician:Chumbo
Haitian:Plon
Hebrew:עופרת
Hungarian:Ólom
Icelandic:Blý
Ido:Plombo
Indonesian:Timbal
Irish Gaelic:Luaidhe
Italian:Piombo
Japanese:自然鉛
Korean:납
Kurdish (Latin Script):Sirb
Latin:Plumbum
Latvian:Svins
Lithuanian:Švinas
Lojban:Cnisa
Low Saxon/Low German:Blie
Luxembourgish:Bläi
Maori:Matā
Marathi:शिसे
Nahuatl:Temētztli
Norwegian:Gedigent Bly
Norwegian (Nynorsk):Gedigent Bly
Occitan:Plomb
Polish:Ołów
Portuguese:Chumbo
Quechua:Titi
Ripuarian:Blëij
Romanian:Plumb
Russian:Свинец
Scots:Leid
Serbo-Croatian:Olovo
Sicilian:Chiummu
Simplified Chinese:自然铅
Slovak:Olovo
Slovenian:Svinec
Spanish:Plomo
Swahili:Risasi
Swedish:Gedigent Bly
Tajik (Cyrillic Script):Сурб
Traditional Chinese:自然鉛
Turkish:Kurşun
Ukrainian:Свинець
Vietnamese:Chì
Welsh:Plwm
Yiddish:בליי

Relationship of Native Lead to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Other Members of Nickel Group:
Native AluminiumAlIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
Native NickelNiIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
59 photos of Native Lead associated with HydrocerussitePb3(CO3)2(OH)2
44 photos of Native Lead associated with PyrochroiteMn(OH)2
42 photos of Native Lead associated with LithargePbO
35 photos of Native Lead associated with WillemiteZn2SiO4
29 photos of Native Lead associated with CalciteCaCO3
24 photos of Native Lead associated with Native CopperCu
23 photos of Native Lead associated with AndraditeCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
18 photos of Native Lead associated with AllactiteMn2+7(AsO4)2(OH)8
16 photos of Native Lead associated with CerussitePbCO3
15 photos of Native Lead associated with RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

1.AA.JonlarseniteAl4Cu9Iso. 43m : P43m
1.AA.PratesiiteAgCuTe2Orth. mm2 : Pmm2
1.AA.05aAuricupride Subgroup
1.AA.05Native NickelNiIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05Native SilverAgIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05'UM2004-08-E:AuCuPd'Cu2PdAu
1.AA.05'UM1991-06-E:AuCu'Au3Cu
1.AA.05Native AluminiumAlIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05SteinhardtiteAl0.38Ni0.32Fe0.30Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Im3m
1.AA.05Native GoldAuIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05Native CopperCuIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05Copper Group
1.AA.10aCuproaurideCu3Au
1.AA.10bTetra-auricuprideAuCuTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/mmm
1.AA.10aAuricuprideCu3AuIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Pm3m
1.AA.10Nickel Group
1.AA.15AnyuiiteAuPb2Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mcm
1.AA.15NovodnepriteAuPb3Tet. 42m : I42m
1.AA.15'UM1985-02-E:AlZn'(Zn,Cu)Al2
1.AA.15Khatyrkite(Cu,Zn)Al2Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mcm
1.AA.20Cupalite(Cu,Zn)AlOrth.
1.AA.25HunchuniteAu2PbIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
1.AA.30StolperiteAlCuIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Pm3m
1.AA.35HollisteriteAl3FeMon. 2/m : B2/m
1.AA.40IcosahedriteAl63Cu24Fe13Icos. 53m : Fm35
1.AA.45Kryachkoite(Al,Cu)6(Fe,Cu)Orth. mm2 : Cmc21
1.AA.50ProxidecagoniteAl34Ni9Fe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for Native LeadHide

References for Native LeadHide

Localities for Native LeadHide

Showing 277 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina
 
  • Jujuy Province
    • Humahuaca Department
      • El Aguilar
Econ Geol (1992) +1 other reference
Brodtkorb (2002) +1 other reference
  • Salta Province
    • Iruya Department
Brodtkorb (2002)
Atlantic Ocean
 
  • Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex
    • Sierra Leone fracture zone
Bortnikov et al. (2006, July)
Sharkov et al. (2007)
    • Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse hydrothermal field (TAG)
Dekov et al. (2001)
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Yancowinna Co.
      • Broken Hill district
Birch (1999) +1 other reference
          • North Mine
            • Block 39
Museum Victoria collection
Carr et al. (2008)
  • South Australia
    • District Council of Mount Barker
SARIG Mineral Deposit Information
      • St. Ives
SARIG Mineral Deposit Information
    • Pastoral Unincorporated Area
      • Wooltana Station (Wooltana)
        • Paralana High Plains
Wuelser-Pierre-Alain +4 other references
  • Tasmania
    • Break O'Day municipality
Bottrill et al. (2008)
    • West Coast municipality
      • Rosebery district
        • Rosebery
Zaw et al. (1997)
      • Zeehan mining district
        • Zeehan mineral field
          • Tasmanian Smelting Company site
M Latham Collection
Austria
 
  • Carinthia
    • Sankt Veit an der Glan District
      • Guttaring
        • Waitschach
Kolitsch et al. (2013)
      • Hüttenberg
        • Sankt Martin am Silberberg
Blaß et al. (1997)
    • Spittal an der Drau District
      • Dellach im Drautal
        • Plonalmlacke
Pichler (2009)
    • Villach
      • Mittewald
Pichler (2003)
    • Völkermarkt District
      • Feistritz ob Bleiburg
Pichler (2003)
  • Salzburg
    • Zell am See District
      • Rauris
        • Alteck - Hoher Sonnblick area
          • Kolm-Saigurn
Strasser (1989)
Niedermayr et al. (2009)
  • Styria
    • Liezen District
      • Öblarn
        • Walchen
Schebesta (1992)
  • Vorarlberg
    • Bludenz District
      • Silbertal
Krause et al. (2025)
Belarus
 
  • Mogilev Region
    • Babruysk District
Levitskiy et al. (2018, July)
Belgium
 
  • Flanders
    • Limburg
      • Dilsen-Stokkem
        • Rotem
  • Wallonia
    • Liège
      • Plombières
Blaß et al. (1995)
    • Namur
      • Andenne
        • Seilles
Brazil
 
  • Amazonas
    • Presidente Figueiredo
      • Pitinga mine
Bastos Neto et al. (2009)
Canada
 
  • Alberta
    • Whitecourt
Alberta Geological Survey et al. (2007)
  • Manitoba
    • Lac-du-Bonnet area
      • Bernic Lake
153-155. +2 other references
  • Newfoundland and Labrador
    • Newfoundland
      • Baie Verte Peninsula
Bracke (n.d.)
  • Northwest Territories
    • North Slave Region
Coleman (1953)
Coleman (1953)
  • Québec
    • Montérégie
      • La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM
        • Mont Saint-Hilaire
Horváth et al. (1990)
  • Yukon
    • Dawson mining district
      • Klondike Area (Klondyke District; Klondike District)
        • Indian River Drainage
          • Dominion Creek Drainage
Mark Mauthner specimens and analyses.
    • Mayo mining district
Boyle (1976)
China
 
  • Gansu
    • Gannan
      • Maqu Co.
        • Dashui Au ore field
Guanghong Wang et al. (2009)
  • Guangdong
    • Qingyuan
      • Liannan County
Liu (2006)
  • Guizhou
    • Zunyi
      • Bozhou District
Kehua Yin (2009)
  • Hebei
    • Chengde
Shao Dianxin et al. (1984)
  • Henan
    • Nanyang
      • Tongbai County
Anthony et al. (1997)
        • Weishancheng ore field
Diankai Chen and Danshen Zhou (1984)
Diankai Chen and Danshen Zhou (1984)
    • Pingdingshan
      • Wugang County
        • Wugang Fe ore field
          • Batai Mine
Xingjie Jia et al. (2012)
    • Sanmenxia
      • Lingbao City
Shuzhang Tian et al. (1993) +1 other reference
  • Jiangxi
    • Jiujiang
      • De'an Co.
Xilin Liu (1991)
  • Jilin
    • Yanbian Chaoxianzu
      • Hunchun City
        • Shajin Mine
Extra Lapis English No. 5 Gold
  • Liaoning
    • Chaoyang
      • Jianping County
Liyan Zhang (1985)
  • Qinghai
    • Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
      • Maqên Co.
        • Dur'ngoi Ophiolite
Duan Guolian (1991) +1 other reference
  • Shandong
    • Laiwu
      • Gangcheng District
Yaxiong Zhong (1980)
      • Laicheng District
Yaxiong Zhong (1980)
    • Linyi
      • Mengyin County
        • Mengyin Kimberlite field
          • Changma Kimberlite belt
            • Wangcun deposit
Gorshkov et al. (2006)
    • Tai'an
      • Daiyue District
Yaxiong Zhong (1980)
  • Shanxi
    • Xinzhou
      • Yuanping Co.
wrgis.wr.usgs.gov (2004)
  • Sichuan
    • Liangshan Yi
      • Yanyuan County
Lizhu Li et al. (2006)
  • Tibet
    • Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture)
      • Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.)
Wenji Bai et al. (2001)
  • Xinjiang
    • Changji Autonomous Prefecture (Sanji Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Manasi Co. (Manas Co.)
Jianxun Bai (1987)
    • Hami Prefecture (Kumul Prefecture; Qumul Prefecture)
      • Yizhou District
Chunji Xue et al. (2000)
        • Huangshan-Jing'erquan ore belt
Xiangcheng Bao (1994)
    • Kezilesu Autonomous Prefecture (Kizilsu Autonomous Prefecture; Qizilsu Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Wuqia Co. (Ulugqat Co.; Ulughchat Co.)
Minghua Zheng et al. (2002)
  • Yunnan
    • Honghe
      • Mengzi City
Xinpei Jiang (1994)
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Kutná Hora District
      • Kutná Hora
        • Vrchlice river valley
Pauliš P. Mineralogické lokality ...
    • Příbram District
      • Lhota u Příbramě
RÜSENBERG et al. (1996)
  • Hradec Králové Region
    • Trutnov District
      • Radvanice
Žáček et al. (1998)
  • Prague
Ettler et al. (2015)
Ethiopia
 
  • Benishangul-Gumuz Region
    • Asosa Zone
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Finland
 
  • Lapland
    • Kittilä
Eilu (2003)
  • North Savo
    • Kaavi
Peltonen et al. (2008)
  • Pirkanmaa
    • Orivesi
Poutiainen et al. (1996)
    • Sastamala
      • Suodenniemi
Knauf et al. (1-2)
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Ain
      • Belley
        • Brégnier-Cordon
Ducluzaux (2022)
        • Loyettes
Ducluzaux (2022)
        • Murs-et-Gélignieux
Ducluzaux (2022)
    • Loire
      • Roanne
        • Le Crozet
Vernay (1997) +1 other reference
    • Puy-de-Dôme
      • Riom
        • Pontgibaud
Vanaecker et al. (2014)
    • Rhône
      • Villefranche-sur-Saône
        • Chessy
          • Chessy copper mines
Paul Poulain
  • Brittany
    • Finistère
      • Châteaulin
Chauris (2014)
Germain C. et al. (1990)
  • Grand Est
    • Haut-Rhin
      • Colmar-Ribeauvillé
        • Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
Bari (1982)
  • Occitanie
    • Lozère
      • Florac
Belot (1978)
Lheur et al. (1998)
Gabon
 
  • Haut-Ogooué Province
    • Léboumbi-Leyou Department
Régis Mathieu et al. (Franceville basin, Gabon)
Janusz Janeczek (1999) +1 other reference
Georgia
 
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Seelbach
          • Seelbach
            • Weiler
Walenta et al. (1961) +1 other reference
  • Lower Saxony
    • Goslar District
      • Braunlage
      • Langelsheim
Neschen (n.d.)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Hochsauerlandkreis
        • Arnsberg
          • Hüsten
Pawlowski (1991)
        • Sundern
          • Bönkhausen
Stieglitz et al. (1989)
      • Märkischer Kreis
        • Iserlohn
          • Letmathe
            • Helmke quarry nature reserve
Blaß et al. (1993) +1 other reference
    • Cologne
      • Aachen
        • Eschweiler
Blaß et al. (1995)
        • Stolberg
Blaß et al. (1995)
Blaß et al. (1995)
Blaß et al. (1995)
      • Euskirchen
        • Kall
Blaß et al. (1995)
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Rhein-Lahn-Kreis
Wittern (2001)
      • Lahnstein
        • Friedrichssegen
Gerhard Möhn Collection. Identified by ...
  • Saxony-Anhalt
    • Mansfeld-Südharz
      • Helbra
Gerhard Möhn collection
      • Mansfeld
Knoll (2004)
Greece
 
  • Attica
    • East Attica
      • Lavreotiki
        • Charakas
Gelaude et al. (1996)
Gelaude et al. (1996)
        • Keratea Municipal Unit
        • Lavreotiki Municipal Unit
Gelaude et al. (1996)
        • Sounion
Gelaude et al. (1996)
        • Velatouri
Gelaude et al. (1996)
Gelaude et al. (1996)
  • Central Greece
    • Euboea
      • Istiaia-Aidipsos
Kanellopoulos et al. (2024)
  • Peloponnese
    • Laconia
      • Monemvasia
        • Molaoi
M. Grossou-Valta et al. (1990)
Greenland
 
  • Kujalleq
Petersen et al. (1993) +1 other reference
Otter (2023)
  • Qeqertalik
Ulff-Møller (1989) +1 other reference
ULFF-MØLLER (1985)
Italy
 
  • Lazio
    • Metropolitan City of Rome Capital
      • Alban Hills
Caponera et al. (2003)
      • Albano Laziale
Caponera et al. (2003)
  • Lombardy
    • Varese Province
      • Cuasso al Monte
        • Cavagnano
Gentile et al. (2023)
  • Piedmont
    • Vercelli Province
      • Scopello
Luigi Chiappino data
  • Sardinia
    • Oristano Province
      • Pau
Urraci E.- Lini M. – Mattias P. (2006)
    • South Sardinia Province
      • Nuxis
        • Monte Tamara mining area
Lecca et al. (2022)
  • Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
    • Trento Province
      • Roncegno Terme
Gasparetto et al. (2026)
      • Telve
Exel (1987)
      • Vignola-Falesina
        • Vignola Mine
Erica Bittarello +3 other references
  • Tuscany
    • Grosseto Province
      • Massa Marittima
Manasse et al. (2002)
        • Valpiana - Castello della Marsiliana area slag sites
Manasse et al. (2002) +1 other reference
Costagliola et al. (2008)
Costagliola et al. (2008)
Manasse et al. (2002) +1 other reference
      • Montieri
A.Costantini (2015)
    • Livorno Province
      • Campiglia Marittima
Jansen et al. (1998)
www.comune.pisa.it (2000)
Mascaro et al. (1995)
      • Castagneto Carducci
Jansen et al. (1998)
      • Piombino
Franzini et al. (1992) +1 other reference
      • Rio
        • Rio Marina
Garofalo et al. (2025)
      • Suvereto
Luigi Chiappino data
  • Veneto
    • Vicenza Province
      • Torrebelvicino
        • Mercanti Valley
Pegoraro S. et al. (2009)
Pegoraro S. (2014)
Japan
 
  • Hokkaidō Prefecture
    • Rumoi Subprefecture
      • Tomamae District
        • Haboro
NISHIO–HAMANE et al. (2022)
        • Shosanbetsu
NISHIO–HAMANE et al. (2021)
Kazakhstan
 
  • Akmola Region
Dyussembayeva et al. (2013)
  • Turkistan Region
    • Kentau
- (2005)
    • Turkestan
Ваулин (2016)
Kyrgyzstan
 
  • Jalal-Abad Region
    • Chatkal Range
      • Kasan ore field
Sabir K. Mustafin data
Mexico
 
  • Veracruz
    • Las Minas Municipality
      • Zomelahuacan
Panczner (1987)
MnhnL collection
Mongolia
 
  • Khovd Province
    • Myangad District
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Namibia
 
  • Oshikoto Region
    • Tsumeb
Ettler et al. (2009)
  • Otjozondjupa Region
    • Otavi Constituency
      • Kombat
Dunn (1991)
New Zealand
 
  • Waikato Region
    • Thames-Coromandel District
Fraser (1910)
Norway
 
  • Agder
    • Evje og Hornnes
      • Ås
Budzyń et al. (2023)
  • Vestfold
    • Larvik Commune
      • Tvedalen
        • Tuften
Selbekk et al. (2010) +1 other reference
Poland
 
  • Lesser Poland Voivodeship
    • Nowy Targ County
      • Gmina Szczawnica
Wojciechowski J. 1955: O żyłach ...
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Głogów County
      • Gmina Jerzmanowa
        • Bądzów
KGHM Polska Miedź
    • Kamienna Góra County
      • Gmina Marciszów
Zagożdżon et al. (2009)
Piestrzyński et al. (2012)
Kucha H. 1983: Precious metal-bearing shale from Zechstein copper deposits et al. (Sect. B: Applied Earth Science)
Kucha H. 2007: Mineralogia kruszcowa i ...
  • Silesian Voivodeship
    • Dąbrowa Górnicza
Cabała +4 other references
    • Katowice
      • Wełnowiec-Józefowiec
Pierwoła
    • Świętochłowice
Vanaecker et al. (2014)
Portugal
 
  • Madeira
Conrad Malte-Brun (1826) +1 other reference
Romania
 
  • Caraş-Severin County
Szakáll (2002)
Russia
 
  • Amur Oblast
    • Oktyabrsky District
Rozhdestvina et al. (2010) +1 other reference
    • Tyndinsky district
Kepezhinskas et al. (2023)
  • Bashkortostan
    • Beloretsk district
Kovalev et al. (2017)
  • Buryatia
    • Yeravninsky District
      • Ozernoe ore cluster
Zhmodik et al. (2023)
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Karabash
      • Karabash ophiolite massif
        • Soimon Valley
maurice.strahlen.org (2004) +2 other references
    • Miass
Korinevsky et al. (2021)
Pekov (1998)
    • Plastovsky District
      • Plast
        • Kochkar' District
Majzlan et al. (2025)
    • Sosnovsky District
      • Bereznyakovskoe ore field
Spiridonov et al. (the South Urals)
  • Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
    • Bilibinsky District
      • Kolyma area
Pekov (1998)
          • Baimka River
            • Aluchinskii Massif (Aluchin horst)
Barkov et al. (1998)
  • Irkutsk Oblast
    • Bodaybinsky District
      • Bodaibo
        • Lena Gold District
Yudovskaya et al. (2016)
          • Kropotkinsky ore cluster
Keren Tan (1998) +1 other reference
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Milkovsky District
    • Ust-Kamchatsky District
Sandimirova et al. (2014)
  • Khabarovsk Krai
    • Ayano-Maysky district
Lennikov et al. (2004)
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Enisei Range (Yenisei Ridge; Enisei Ridge)
Sazonov et al. (2020)
    • Maimecha and Kotui Rivers Basin
Dvorani (2016)
  • Magadan Oblast
    • Omsukchansky District
      • Ducat ore field
    • Severo-Evensky District
Priymenko et al. (2020)
    • Susumansky District
Pavel M. Kartashov data
  • Murmansk Oblast
Pekov et al. (2004) +1 other reference
      • Kirovskii apatite mine
American Mineralogist
    • Monchegorsk
      • Sopcha Massif
Grokhovskaya et al. (2003)
  • Orenburg Oblast
    • Yasnensky District
M.I. Novgorodova Doklady AN SSSR
  • Primorsky Krai
    • Dalnerechensky District
      • Dalnerechensk area
Ханчук А.И. et al. (Приморье)
    • Mikhaylovsky District
V.V. Seredin data
  • Republic of Karelia
    • Suojärvi District
      • Jalonvaara ore field
Ivashchenko et al. (2006)
V. I. Ivashchenko et al. (2007) +1 other reference
[World of Stones 12:49]
Anthony et al. (2016)
    • Mirninsky District
      • Vilyui River Basin
        • Lower Khann'ya River
Pekov (1998)
    • Northern Yakutia
      • Olenyok (Olenek) river basin
        • West Ukukit kimberlite field
Koval'skii et al. (1985) +1 other reference
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
Azovskova et al. (2013, January)
Azovskova et al. (2013, January)
    • Ivdelsky Urban Okrug
      • Ivdel
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data of ...
  • Zabaykalsky Krai
    • Kalarsky District
P.M. Karashov data +1 other reference
    • Khiloksky District
      • Orlovskoye
Pekov (1998)
Serbia
 
  • Boranja orefield
Radosavljević-Mihajlović et al. (2017)
Slovenia
 
  • Litija
NTF collection
South Africa
 
  • Mpumalanga
    • Nkangala District Municipality
      • Victor Khanye Local Municipality
        • Delmas
Atanasova et al. (2016)
Spain
 
  • Andalusia
    • Almería
      • Cuevas del Almanzora
        • Sierra Almagrera
          • Villaricos
Georges FAVREAU collection & EDX ...
  • Castile-La Mancha
    • Guadalajara
Geominero Museum (Instituto Geologico y Minero de España)
Sweden
 
  • Dalarna County
    • Hedemora
      • Garpenberg
Grensman et al. (2001)
  • Örebro County
    • Hällefors
      • Grythyttan
  • Värmland County
    • Filipstad
Damman et al. (1990)
Damman et al. (1991)
Rock Currier
Holtstam et al. (1999) +3 other references
Adolfsson (1979)
Adolfsson (1979)
- (2012)
      • Nordmark mining district
        • Jakobsberg ore field
Gatedal (n.d.)
      • Nordmark Odal Field
Holtstam et al. (1998) +1 other reference
      • Persberg ore district
        • Pajsberg
Dana 7: I: 103 +3 other references
Turkmenistan
 
  • Balkan Region
    • Cheleken Peninsula
Lebedev et al. (1983)
UK
 
  • England
    • Cornwall
      • Crantock
BMS Newsletter 79 (http://britishmicromountsociety.homestead.com/Gannell-Smelter.html)
    • County Durham
      • Healeyfield
Norman Wilson collection
      • Stanhope
Norman Wilson +3 other references
Norman Wilson personal collection
    • Devon
      • South Hams
[Collected by Dr. K. Banister]
      • Torbay
        • Torquay
Camm (1995)
    • Northumberland
      • Allendale
Norman Wilson collection
  • Scotland
    • Argyll and Bute
      • Isle of Mull
        • Carsaig
Dekov et al. (2009)
    • Dumfries and Galloway
      • Wanlockhead
Rust (2022)
  • Wales
    • Gwynedd
      • Llanelltyd
Natiom
    • Powys
      • Llanidloes
J. Russell Smith et al. (1872)
J. Russell Smith et al. (1872)
Ukraine
 
Rappenglück (2022)
  • Chernivtsi Oblast
L. Figura (2014)
  • Kirovohrad Oblast
    • Kropyvnytskyi Raion
Alexander Babynin & Eugenia Slivko (1999) +1 other reference
  • Zaporizhia Oblast
    • Berdyansk Raion
YATSENKO et al. (2020) +1 other reference
USA
 
  • Alaska
    • Southeast Fairbanks Census Area
- (2008)
    • Valdez-Cordova Census Area
      • Prince William Sound Mining District
- (2008)
  • Arizona
    • Maricopa County
Anthony et al. (1995)
Anthony et al. (1995)
      • Wickenburg Mountains
        • San Domingo Mining District
          • San Domingo Wash
Anthony et al. (1995)
    • Santa Cruz County
      • Patagonia Mountains
        • Harshaw Mining District
Wilson (1927) +1 other reference
          • Patagonia
Schrader (1915) +1 other reference
Anthony et al. (1995)
    • Yavapai County
      • Bradshaw Mountains (Bradshaw Range)
        • Hum Bug Mining District
          • Hum Bug Creek
Brian Beck Collected
Anthony et al. (1995)
Anthony et al. (1995)
  • Colorado
    • Hinsdale County
      • Lake City Mining District
        • Lake City
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Lake County
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Summit County
Eckel et al. (1997)
  • Idaho
    • Blaine County
Ream (1995)
      • Wood River Mining District
Dana 7:I:103
    • Shoshone County
      • Lelande Mining District
Ream (2004)
  • Missouri
Yale Peabody Museum 174
  • Nevada
    • Clark County
      • Spring Mountains
        • Goodsprings Mining District
- (2005)
    • Elko County
      • Railroad Mining District
        • Alladin group
          • Nevada Bunker Hill Mines
- (2005)
  • New Jersey
    • Sussex County
      • Franklin
Palache (1935) +1 other reference
FOMS Millsite Committee (1986)
Palache (1935) +1 other reference
  • New Mexico
    • Eddy County
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • Sierra County
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • Socorro County
Northrop et al. (1996)
Josiah Turner
  • Texas
    • Presidio County
      • Chinati Mountains
        • Shafter Mining District
BEG Min Res Circ 71
Alminas +2 other references
Alminas +2 other references
  • Utah
    • Iron County
Luetcke (n.d.)
  • Virginia
    • Amelia County
      • Winterham
Kearns et al. (2004)
    • Buckingham County
      • Gold-Pyrite Belt
        • Bremo Bluff
Dietrich (1990)
Uzbekistan
 
  • Samarqand
Сайитов et al. (2023)
Venezuela
 
  • Bolívar
    • Sifontes Municipality
Bernard et al. (2004)
Zimbabwe
 
  • Matabeleland South
    • Insiza District
      • Pioneer village No. 2
HARRISON (N.M.)
The Moon
 
  • Mare Fecunditatis
Mokhov A.V. et al. (2007) +1 other reference
 
and/or  
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