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Mawbyite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Mawbyite
Formula:
PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2
Fe3+ may be replaced by minor Zn.
Colour:
Orange-brown, red-brown; rarely green
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
5.365 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1989 by Allan Pring E. Maud McBriar and William Birch in honor of Sir Maurice Alan Edgar Mawby (August 31, 1904, Broken Hill, Austalia - August 4, 1977, East Melbourne, Australia) for his contribution to the Australian mining industry and expertise in the minerals from Broken Hill. He was a metallurgist and mining executive. He identified 17 species from Broken Hill that had not previously been reported from there. He was knighted in 1963.
Type Locality:
Dimorph of:
Tsumcorite Group.
The monoclinic dimorph of Carminite.
May be confused with arsenbrackebuschite, also a Pb-Fe-arsenate, but which a much higher Pb content.
The monoclinic dimorph of Carminite.
May be confused with arsenbrackebuschite, also a Pb-Fe-arsenate, but which a much higher Pb content.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2603
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2603:7
IMA Classification of Mawbyite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Pb2+Fe3+2(As5+O4)2(OH)2
Approval year:
1988
First published:
1989
Classification of Mawbyite
8.CG.15
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
G : With large and medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
G : With large and medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:1
40.2.9.4
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
2 : AB2(XO4)2·xH2O
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
2 : AB2(XO4)2·xH2O
20.5.16
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
5 : Arsenates of Ti and Pb
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
5 : Arsenates of Ti and Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Mby | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Mawbyite
Adamantine
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Orange-brown, red-brown; rarely green
Streak:
Orange-yellow
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
{001}, good.
{001}, good.
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
5.365 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Mawbyite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.94(2) nβ = 2.00(2) nγ = 2.04(2)
2V:
Measured: 80° (5), Calculated: 76°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.100
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
relatively weak
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
brown to reddish brown
Chemistry of Mawbyite
Mindat Formula:
PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2
Fe3+ may be replaced by minor Zn.
Fe3+ may be replaced by minor Zn.
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Mawbyite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.066(4) Å, b = 6.286(3) Å, c = 7.564(3) Å
β = 114.857(5)°
β = 114.857(5)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.442 : 1 : 1.203
Unit Cell V:
391.13 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Twinning:
“V”-shaped, about {100}, common.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0014531 | Mawbyite | Kharisun, Taylor M R, Bevan D J M, Rae A D, Pring A (1997) The crystal structure of mawbyite, PbFe2(AsO4)2(OH)2 Mineralogical Magazine 61 685-691 |  | 1997 | Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia, type specimen | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.647 Å | (100) |
| 4.458 Å | (30) |
| 3.245 Å | (100) |
| 3.136 Å | (30) |
| 2.860 Å | (40) |
| 2.724 Å | (70) |
| 2.546 Å | (50) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] |
Type Occurrence of Mawbyite
General Appearance of Type Material:
"dogtooth" crystals to .15 mm
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
South Australian Museum, Adelaide, G16062, G16066; Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Australia, M39065, M39068, M39173, M39178.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidized granular spessartine-quartz rock in a zone of several cubic meters.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Mawbyite
Other Language Names for Mawbyite
Relationship of Mawbyite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Tsumcorite Group:
| Alumolukrahnite | Ca[CuAl](AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Cabalzarite | CaMg2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Cobaltlotharmeyerite | CaCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Cobalttsumcorite | PbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Ferrilotharmeyerite | CaZnFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Gartrellite | PbCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Helmutwinklerite | PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Kaliochalcite | KCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)] | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Krettnichite | PbMn3+2(VO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Lotharmeyerite | CaZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Lukrahnite | CaCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Manganlotharmeyerite | CaMn3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Mounanaite | PbFe3+2(VO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Natrochalcite | NaCu2(SO4)2(OH) · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Nickellotharmeyerite | CaNi2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Nickelschneebergite | BiNi2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Nickeltsumcorite | Pb(Ni,Fe3+)2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Phosphogartrellite | PbCuFe3+(PO4)2(OH,H2O)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Rappoldite | PbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Schneebergite | BiCo2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Thometzekite | PbCu2+2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Tsumcorite | PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Yancowinnaite | PbCuAl(AsO4)2OH · H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Zincgartrellite | PbZn2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 9 photos of Mawbyite associated with Segnitite | PbFe3+3AsO4(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| 9 photos of Mawbyite associated with 'Beudantite-Segnitite Series' | |
| 5 photos of Mawbyite associated with Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| 4 photos of Mawbyite associated with Carminite | PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 3 photos of Mawbyite associated with Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| 3 photos of Mawbyite associated with Bayldonite | PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 3 photos of Mawbyite associated with Tsumcorite | PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 1 photo of Mawbyite associated with Adamite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 1 photo of Mawbyite associated with Bariopharmacosiderite | Ba0.5Fe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| 1 photo of Mawbyite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.CG. | Fluckite | CaMn2+(AsO3OH)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG. | Dondoellite | Ca2Fe(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG. | 'Ca-Huréaulite' | CaMn5(PO4)4 · 4H2O |
| 8.CG. | Alumolukrahnite | Ca[CuAl](AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 |
| 8.CG.05 | Parabrandtite | Ca2Mn2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Talmessite | Ca2Mg(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Collinsite | Ca2Mg(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Messelite | Ca2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Gaitite | Ca2Zn(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Anorthoroselite | Ca2Co(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Cassidyite | Ca2Ni(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Fairfieldite | Ca2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Hillite | Ca2Zn(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | 'Unnamed (Fe2+-analogue of Parabrandtite)' | Ca2Fe2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | Zincroselite | Ca2Zn(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | Roselite | Ca2Co(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | Rruffite | Ca2Cu(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | Wendwilsonite | Ca2Mg(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | Brandtite | Ca2Mn2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | 'Unnamed (Fe2+-analogue of Brandtite)' | Ca2Fe2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Thometzekite | PbCu2+2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Yancowinnaite | PbCuAl(AsO4)2OH · H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Schneebergite | BiCo2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Cabalzarite | CaMg2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Nickelschneebergite | BiNi2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Lotharmeyerite | CaZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Nickeltsumcorite | Pb(Ni,Fe3+)2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 |
| 8.CG.15 | Magnesiofluckite | CaMg(AsO3OH)2(H2O)2 |
| 8.CG.15 | Krettnichite | PbMn3+2(VO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.CG.15 | Cobalttsumcorite | PbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Manganlotharmeyerite | CaMn3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.CG.15 | Tsumcorite | PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Ferrilotharmeyerite | CaZnFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Cobaltlotharmeyerite | CaCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Mounanaite | PbFe3+2(VO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.CG.15 | Nickellotharmeyerite | CaNi2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.20 | Lukrahnite | CaCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2 |
| 8.CG.20 | Helmutwinklerite | PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.20 | Phosphogartrellite | PbCuFe3+(PO4)2(OH,H2O)2 |
| 8.CG.20 | Gartrellite | PbCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O |
| 8.CG.20 | Zincgartrellite | PbZn2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 |
| 8.CG.20 | Rappoldite | PbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.25 | Pottsite | (Pb3xBi4-2x)(VO4)4 · H2O (0.8 < x < 1.0) |
| 8.CG.25 | Armellinoite-(Ce) | Ca4Ce4+(AsO4)4 · H2O |
| 8.CG.35 | Nickeltalmessite | Ca2Ni(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.55 | Irhtemite | Ca4Mg(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 4H2O |
Fluorescence of Mawbyite
none
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Mawbyite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2603.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Mawbyite
Reference List:
Pring, Allan, Mcbriar, E. Maud, Birch, William D. (1989) Mawbyite, a new arsenate of lead and iron related to tsumcorite and carminite, from Broken Hill, New South Wales. American Mineralogist, 74 (11-12) 1377-1381
Kharisun, Taylor, M. R., Bevan, D. J. M., Rae, A. D., Pring, A. (1997) The crystal structure of mawbyite, PbFe2(AsO4)2(OH)2. Mineralogical Magazine, 61 (408). 685-691 doi:10.1180/minmag.1997.061.408.07
Krause, Werner, Belendorff, Klaus, Bernhardt, Heinz-Jürgen, Mccammon, Catherine, Effenberger, Herta, Mikenda, Werner (1998) Crystal chemistry of the tsumcorite-group minerals. New data on ferrilotharmeyerite, tsumcorite, thometzekite, mounanaite, helmutwinklerite, and a redefinition of gartrellite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 10 (2). 179-206 doi:10.1127/ejm/10/2/0179
Localities for Mawbyite
Showing 32 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia (TL) | |
| Pring et al. (1989) |
| Day (1998) | |
| Australian J. Mineralogy 13 (1) |
Austria | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2010) |
Czech Republic | |
| |
Europe | |
| Minceva-Stefanova (2001) | |
France | |
| Uwe Kolitsch (SXRD + SEM-EDS) |
| Cuchet et al. (2000) | |
| SEM-EDS analyses at "Laboratoire Magmas ... |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| [Wittern (1995) +1 other reference |
| Walenta (1992) +1 other reference |
| Walenta (1996) |
| SEM-EDS by Günter Blaß |
| Martin et al. (1994) |
| Neues Jahrb. Mineral. Mon. 558-576 |
| Mandarino (2002) |
Greece | |
| Blaß et al. (1998) |
| Branko Rieck collection | |
| |
| Rieck (1999) +1 other reference | |
Namibia | |
| XRD and EDS confirmed by Terry Seward. |
Portugal | |
| Alves et al. (2019) |
| Analysed specimen found by Christian ... |
| Analysed specimen found by Christian ... | |
Spain | |
| Joan Abella i Creus (Joanabellacreus@gmail.com) |
Thailand | |
| Patrice Queneau Collection visual identification. Confirmed. Analyzed by Nicolas Meisser (Naturéum) |
UK | |
| Steve Rust collection |
| - (2006) |
USA | |
| Hawley et al. (1960) |
| Jensen et al. (2012) |
| Silver Coin Mine. Compact Disc. Paul ... |
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Ste Barbe vein, Montmins mining district, Échassières, Vichy, Allier, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France