Sinoite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Sinoite
Formula:
Si2N2O
Colour:
Colourless
Lustre:
Vitreous
Specific Gravity:
2.80 - 2.85
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
The name reflects its composition: silicon (Si), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O).
This page provides mineralogical data about Sinoite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3676
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3676:0
Similar Names
| Cenite | A synonym of Kainite | |
| Kinoite | A valid IMA mineral species | Ca2Cu2(H2O)2[Si3O10] |
| Sainit | A synonym of Polydymite | |
| Sannaite | A rock classification type | |
| Senaite | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | Pb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38 |
| Sinopite | [Al, SiO4, Fe3] | |
| Suanite | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | Mg2[B2O5] |
| Suenoite | A valid IMA mineral species | ◻Mn22+Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Sínít | A synonym of 'Syenite' | |
| Zonite | A rock subtype |
IMA Classification of Sinoite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Si2N3-2O
First published:
1964
Classification of Sinoite
1.DB.10
1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
D : Nonmetallic Carbides and Nitrides
B : Nonmetallic nitrides
1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
D : Nonmetallic Carbides and Nitrides
B : Nonmetallic nitrides
Dana 7th ed.:
1.3.8.1
1.3.9.1
1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
3 : Semi-metals and non-metals
1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
3 : Semi-metals and non-metals
2.2
2 : Carbides, Nitrides, Silicides and Phosphides
2 : Carbides, Nitrides, Silicides and Phosphides
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Sno | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Sinoite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colourless
Density:
2.80 - 2.85 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.84 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Sinoite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.740 nβ = 1.855 nγ = 1.855
Birefringence:
High; a distinguishing feature in thin section.
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.115
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
No measured or calculated 2V is on file for this mineral, so the value used here (-0°) is estimated from its recorded refractive indices and optic sign, not from a direct 2V measurement.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
No measured or calculated 2V is on file for this mineral, so the value used here (-0°) is estimated from its recorded refractive indices and optic sign, not from a direct 2V measurement.
Dispersion:
r > v moderate
Colour in reflected light:
Light gray
Chemistry of Sinoite
Mindat Formula:
Si2N2O
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Sinoite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mm2 - Pyramidal
Space Group:
Cmc21
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.843(5) Å, b = 5.473(5) Å, c = 4.835(5) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.616 : 1 : 0.883
Unit Cell V:
234.00 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
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Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
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Display Options
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View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Rotation
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0011899 | Sinoite | Idrestedt I, Brosset C (1964) Structure of Si2N2O Acta Chemica Scandinavica 18 1879-1886 | 1964 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0014335 | Sinoite | Baraton M, Billy M, Labbe J, Quintard P, Roult G (1988) L'Oxynitrure de Silicium : Si2 N2 O II. Evolution Structurale et Endommagement par Irradiation aux Neutrons Rapides _cod_database_code 1001786 Materials Research Bulletin 23 1087-1099 | 1988 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0014334 | Sinoite | Baraton M, Billy M, Labbe J, Quintard P, Roult G (1988) L'Oxynitrure de Silicium : Si2 N2 O II. Evolution Structurale et Endommagement par Irradiation aux Neutrons Rapides _cod_database_code 1001785 Materials Research Bulletin 23 1087-1099 | 1988 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0014289 | Sinoite | Billy M, Labbe J, Selvaraj A, Roult G (1980) Modifications structurales de l'oxynitrure de silicium sous contraintes thermiques _cod_database_code 1001781 Materials Research Bulletin 15 1207-1213 | 1980 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0014288 | Sinoite | Billy M, Labbe J, Selvaraj A, Roult G (1980) Modifications structurales de l'oxynitrure de silicium sous contraintes thermiques _cod_database_code 1001780 Materials Research Bulletin 15 1207-1213 | 1980 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.43 Å | (10) |
| 3.36 Å | (10) |
| 4.66 Å | (8) |
| 2.61 Å | (5) |
| 2.42 Å | (5) |
| 2.39 Å | (4) |
| 4.13 Å | (3) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 1: Primary nebular phases | 4.567-4.561 |
| 4 : Primary chondrule phases | 4.566–4.561 |
| Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration | 4.566-4.550 |
| 5 : Primary asteroid phases | 4.566–4.560 |
Type Occurrence of Sinoite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Irregular grains and occasional lath-like crystals up to 0.2 mm long, the individual grains frequently being aggregated into larger patches.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA, 3954.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Enstatite chondrite meteorite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Sinoite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 1.DB.05 | Nierite | Si3N4 |
Other Information
Notes:
Bright greenish yellow cathodoluminescence.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Sinoite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3676.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Sinoite
Reference List:
Andersen, C. A., Keil, K., Mason, B. (1964) Silicon Oxynitride: A Meteoritic Mineral. Science, 146 (3641). 256-257 doi:10.1126/science.146.3641.256
Idrestedt, Ingvar, Brosset, Cyrill, Ledaal, Tore, Seip, Hans M. (1964) Structure of Si2N2O. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 18. 1879-1886 doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.18-1879
BROSSET, CYRILL, IDRESTEDT, INGVAR (1964) Crystal Structure of Silicon Oxynitride, Si2N2O. Nature, 201 (4925). 1211 doi:10.1038/2011211a0
Andersen, C. A., Keil, K., Mason, B. (1964) Silicon Oxynitride: A Meteoritic Mineral. Science, 146 (3641). 256-257 doi:10.1126/science.146.3641.256
KEIL, KLAUS, ANDERSEN, CHRISTIAN A. (1965) Occurrences of Sinoite, Si2N2O, in Meteorites. Nature, 207 (4998). 745 doi:10.1038/207745a0
Keil, Klaus, Andersen, Christian A (1965) Electron microprobe study of the Jajh deh Kot Lalu enstatite chondrite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 29 (6) 621-632 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(65)90059-1
Srinivasa, S. R., Cartz, L., Jorgensen, J. D., Worlton, T. G., Beyerlein, R. A., Billy, M. (1977) High-pressure neutron diffraction study of Si2N2O. Journal of Applied Crystallography, 10 (3) 167-171 doi:10.1107/s002188987701317x
Mirgorodsky, A P, Baraton, M I, Quintard, P (1989) Lattice dynamics of silicon oxynitride, Si2N2O: vibrational spectrum, elastic and piezoelectric properties. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 1 (50). 10053-10066 doi:10.1088/0953-8984/1/50/008
Sjöberg, J., Helgesson, G., Idrestedt, I. (1991) Refinement of the structure of Si2N2O. Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, 47 (11) 2438-2441 doi:10.1107/s0108270191006236
Li, Ya-Li; Zheng, Fen; Liang, Yong; Ma, Xian-Feng; Cui, Suo-Jing; Ishigaki, Takamasa (2001) Reaction and Formation of Crystalline Silicon Oxynitride in Si-O-N Systems under Solid High Pressure. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 84 (4). 875-877 doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00757.x
Kroll, Peter, Milko, Matus (2003) Theoretical Investigation of the Solid State Reaction of Silicon Nitride and Silicon Dioxide forming Silicon Oxynitride (Si2N2O) under Pressure. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, 629. 1737-1750 doi:10.1002/zaac.200300122
Bischoff, Addi, Grund, Thorsten, Jording, Thomas, Heying, Birgit, Hoffmann, Rolf-Dieter, Rodewald, Ute C., Pöttgen, Rainer (2005) First Refinement of the Sinoite Structure of a Natural Crystal from the Neuschwanstein (EL6) Meteorite. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B, 60. 1231-1234 doi:10.1515/znb-2005-1203
Localities for Sinoite
Showing 12 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica | |
| Meteorological Bulletin |
| FOGEL (1997) |
Australia | |
| Buseck et al. (1972) |
Belarus | |
| Levitskiy et al. (2018, July) |
Estonia | |
| KEIL et al. (1965) +2 other references |
Finland | |
| KEIL et al. (1965) +1 other reference |
Germany | |
| Russell et al. (2003) +1 other reference |
Pakistan (TL) | |
| Andersen et al. (1964) +1 other reference |
Poland | |
| Przylibski et al. (2005) +2 other references |
Sudan | |
| El Goresy et al. (2012) +1 other reference |
Tanzania | |
| KEIL et al. (1965) |
USA | |
| Mészárosová (2018) |
Quick NavTopAbout SinoiteUnique IdentifiersSimilar NamesIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence Other LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Pillistfer meteorite, Pillistfer, Viljandi County, Estonia