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Giessenite-Izoklakeite Series
A solid-solution series between two end-member minerals
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About Giessenite-Izoklakeite Series
Series Formula:
Pb27Cu2(Bi,Sb)19S57 to Pb27(Cu,Fe,Ag)2(Sb,Bi)19S57
A series between Giessenite and Izoklakeite
"There is apparently a quasi-continuous solid solution from giessenite to izoklakeite with increasing Sb/Bi ratio, which is nevertheless always < 1 except for izoklakeite of the type locality (∼ 1.04). The main difference is that the monoclinic symmetry of giessenite (Bi-rich) changes to orthorhombic in izoklakeite (Sb-rich) (Makovicky & Karup-Møller, 1986). The exact Sb/Bi ratio at which the symmetry changes is unknown." (Moëlo et al., 2008)
"There is apparently a quasi-continuous solid solution from giessenite to izoklakeite with increasing Sb/Bi ratio, which is nevertheless always < 1 except for izoklakeite of the type locality (∼ 1.04). The main difference is that the monoclinic symmetry of giessenite (Bi-rich) changes to orthorhombic in izoklakeite (Sb-rich) (Makovicky & Karup-Møller, 1986). The exact Sb/Bi ratio at which the symmetry changes is unknown." (Moëlo et al., 2008)
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
38727
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:38727:9
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0001112 | Izoklakeite | Armbruster T, Hummel W (1987) (Sb,Bi,Pb) ordering in sulfosalts: Crystal-structure refinement of a Bi-rich izoklakeite American Mineralogist 72 821-831 |  | 1987 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0018392 | Izoklakeite | Makovicky E, Mumme W G (1986) The crystal structure of izoklakeite, Pb51.3Sb20.4Bi19.5Ag1.2Cu2.9Fe0.7S114. The kobellite homologous series and its derivatives Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Abhandlungen 153 121-145 | 1986 | Vena, Sweden | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Giessenite-Izoklakeite Series
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-38727.html
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References for Giessenite-Izoklakeite Series
Reference List:
Moëlo, Yves, Makovicky, Emil, Mozgova, Nadejda N., Jambor, John L., Cook, Nigel, Pring, Allan, Paar, Werner, Nickel, Ernest H., Graeser, Stephan, Karup-Møller, Sven, Balic-unic, Tonči, Mumme, William G., Vurro, Filippo, Topa, Dan (2008) Sulfosalt systematics: a review. Report of the sulfosalt sub-committee of the IMA Commission on Ore Mineralogy. European Journal of Mineralogy, 20 (1) 7-62 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2008/0020-1778
Localities for Giessenite-Izoklakeite Series
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| [Giessenite] Jovic et al. (2011) |
Austria | |
| [Giessenite] Pichler (2009) |
| [Giessenite] Pichler (2009) +1 other reference |
| [Giessenite] Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Horner et al. (1997) |
Bolivia | |
| [Izoklakeite] Petrov (n.d.) +1 other reference |
Canada | |
| [Izoklakeite] Harris et al. (1986) |
China | |
| [Giessenite] Pašava et al. (2003) |
| [Izoklakeite] Bingjie Wei and Jianhong Zhang (1991) | |
| [Giessenite] Li et al. (2019) |
| [Giessenite] Yingchen Ren (1999) |
| [Izoklakeite] ZHANG et al. (2014) +1 other reference |
Czech Republic | |
| [Izoklakeite] Pažout et al. (2017) |
| [Izoklakeite] Pažout et al. (2017) +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| [Izoklakeite] Ciriotti et al. (2019) |
| [Giessenite] Ciriotti et al. (2019) | |
| [Giessenite] Bindi et al. (2016) +1 other reference | |
| [Izoklakeite] Orlandi et al. (2010) |
Japan | |
| [Izoklakeite] Forrest Cureton specimens +1 other reference |
Kazakhstan | |
| [Izoklakeite] Николаева et al. (2024) |
Kosovo | |
| [Giessenite] Kołodziejczyk et al. (2017) |
Norway | |
| [Giessenite] Karup-Møller (1973) +1 other reference |
| [Giessenite] Husdal (2023) | |
Poland | |
| [Giessenite] Gołębiowska et al. (2006) +2 other references |
| [Giessenite] Piestrzela (2019) |
Romania | |
| [Giessenite] Cook (1998) |
Russia | |
| [Izoklakeite] Bortnikov et al. (1987) +1 other reference |
| [Giessenite] Redin et al. (2015) +2 other references |
| [Giessenite] Redin et al. (2015) | |
| [Giessenite] Gvozdev et al. (2020) | |
Slovakia | |
| [Giessenite] Koděra (1986) |
| [Giessenite] Pršek et al. (2004) |
| [Izoklakeite] Ozdín D. | |
| [Giessenite] Ozdín D. & Pršek J. | |
| [Giessenite] Kúšik et al. (2021) |
| [Izoklakeite] Martin Števko-unpublished |
| [Izoklakeite] Martin Števko-unpublished |
| [Izoklakeite] Martin Števko-unpublished | |
| [Izoklakeite] Martin Števko-unpublished | |
| [Izoklakeite] Mikuš T. (2019) | |
| [Izoklakeite] Martin Števko-unpublished | |
| [Giessenite] Števko et al. (2021) |
| [Giessenite] Pauliš et al. (2002) |
| [Izoklakeite] Pršek J. (2004) | |
| [Izoklakeite] Ozdín et al. (1999) |
| [Izoklakeite] Ozdín D. 1997: Sb-Au zrudnenie pri ... | |
Spain | |
| [Izoklakeite] Martínez Abad I et al. (2014) |
Sweden | |
| [Giessenite] Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| [Izoklakeite] Ciobanu et al. (2024) |
Switzerland | |
| [Izoklakeite] Stalder et al. (1998) |
| [Giessenite] Graeser (1963) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| [Giessenite] Stalder et al. (1998) |
USA | |
| [Giessenite] Dr. Frank Keutsch analysis. |
Otome mine, Kurobera, Kofu City, Kinpuzan mining district, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan