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Andradite-Uvarovite Series

A solid-solution series between two end-member minerals
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About Andradite-Uvarovite SeriesHide

Series Formula:
Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 to Ca3Cr23+(SiO4)3
A series between Andradite and Uvarovite

A solid-solution series between andradite and uvarovite


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
42887
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:42887:7

Chemical AnalysisHide

Oxide wt%:
Showing 12 of 25 analyses on this page.
 123456789101112
SiO237.74 %35.51 %35.94 %32.79 %33.4 %34.6 %35.6 %36.22 %37.31 %31.68 %32.5 %34.0 %
TiO20.81 %0.04 %0.01 %0.1 %0.10 %0.021 %0.22 %9.44 %11.2 %9.7 %
Al2O38.26 %0.11 %0.08 %0.02 %8.43 %2.33 %2.78 %7.55 %5.34 %7.09 %0.7 %0.00 %
Cr2O32.52 %1.1 %18.87 %22.60 %0.57 %
FeO14 %3.32 %1.4 %
MnO0.09 %0.02 %0.01 %0.02 %5.86 %21.0 %0.15 %0.05 %0.15 %0.12 %
MgO0.46 %0.26 %0.30 %0.08 %0.05 %0.14 %0.06 %0.25 %1.23 %1.0 %
CaO34.47 %33.04 %33.38 %35.22 %24.79 %15.5 %31.99 %33.79 %34.25 %34.66 %33.7 %32.0 %
Fe2O330.19 %31.54 %29.81 %20.69 %25.3 %24.75 %1.23 %0.30 %11.02 %21.4 %21.5 %
Na2O0.16 %4.15 %
K2O0.02 %0.57 %
V2O30.02 %
SnO2
CaO2
H2O0.01 %
Y2O33.36 %
H2O+0.05 %
ZrO20.00 %
Total:98.35 %100.27 %101.26 %98.06 %100.23 %98.891 %96.68 %97.99 %100.2 %100.53 %100.5 %97.2 %
Empirical formulas:
Sample IDEmpirical Formula
13Ca2.88(Fe3+2.85Fe2+0.16Al0.22Sn0.06)Si3O12
5(Ca2.28Mn0.43Fe2+0.24Y0.15Mg0.01)3.11(Fe3+1.18Al0.81Ti0.01)2.00(Si2.78Fe3+0.15Al0.02H0.03)2.98O12
14(Ca1.90Mn1.09Mg0.01)3.00(Fe1.75Al0.13Mn0.08Ti0.03)1.99Si2.97O12
6(Ca1.51Mn1.47Mg0.02)3.00(Fe1.68Al0.24Mn0.06Ti0.01)1.99Si3.06O12
15(Mg0.07Mn0.05Ca2.86)2.98(Al0.78Fe3+0.04Cr1.18V0.01Ti0.01)2.02Si2.997
16(Ca2.94Mg0.03Mn0.01)( Cr1.79Fe0.15Al0.06Ti0.08)( Si2.93O12)
10(Ca3.04,Na0 · 66,K0.06,Mg0.15,Mn0.01)( Ti0.58,Al0.68,Fe3+0.68,Cr0.04)( Si2.59O12)
17Ca3.03Fe3+1.84Ti0.18Al0.07Mg0.03Si2.88O12
11Ca2.99Fe3+1.33Ti0.70Al0.07Mg0.12Si2.69O12
18Ca2.81Fe3+1.83Ti0.16Si3.06O12
12Ca2.91Fe3+1.38Ti0.62Si2.89O12
Sample references:
IDLocalityReferenceNotes
1Belqeys Mountain, Takab County, West Azerbaijan Province, IranEMPA analysis of green "demantoid" from Baba Nazar, Iran, Sample B14-1
2Sferlùn asbestos mine, Vallone del Cengiaccio, Lanzada, Sondrio Province, Lombardy, ItalyAnalysis of green andradite ( demantoid). Data from Corbelli, C. (1992). Studio cristallografico e composizionale di alcuni termini della serie dei granati. Doctoral thesis, University of Milano.
3Antetezambato Demantoid-Topazolite Mine, Antsakoamanondro, Ambanja District, Diana, MadagascarEMPA analysis of yellowish green andradite (demantoid).
4Poldnevaya village, Polevskoy, Sverdlovsk Oblast, RussiaEMPA analysis of dark green andradite (demantoid)
5Gatineau Park, Gatineau TE, Outaouais, Québec, CanadaWet chemical analysis of andradite from a pegmatite vein in foliated syenite
6Otjosondu, Omatako Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, NamibiaEMPA, Mossbauer and optical absorption analysis of a andradite-blythite series garnet from a indistinctly banded manganese ore characterized by extremely variable, fine to medium grain size and irregular distribution of the minerals. The assemblage is braunite, garnet, Mn-pyroxene, hyalophane, baryte, hematite. This analysis represents the garnet composition with the highest blythite content of the 11 garnets analysed by Amthauer et al. (1988).
7Tubussis Farm 22, Dâures Constituency, Erongo Region, NamibiaEMPA analysis of a zoned crystal with an andradite core and grossular rim. This analysis is from the garnet core. The analysis was performed using a Cameca SX100 electron microprobe at the Research School of Earth Sciences (RSES), the Australian National University (ANU) with operating conditions of 15 kV acceleration voltage, and 20 nA beam current focused to 1 mm. Natural and synthetic minerals were used as standards. Fe valence states is calculted.
8Saranovskii Mine, Sarany, Gornozavodskii District, Perm Krai, RussiaAl- rich uvarovite. uv59.68Gr35.59And3.7Pyr0.25Sps0.12CaTi0.66
9Outokumpu mining district, North Karelia, FinlandWet chemical analysis, uvarovite in diopside-tremolite skarn, Outokumpu, Finland. Analyst : O. von Knorring.
10Flekkeren, Skien, Telemark, NorwayEMPA analysed garnet from a contact metamorphic limestone.
11Santa Rita Peak, San Benito County, California, USAEMPA analysis of light yellow rims and pink or bluish pink cores from a serpentinite.
12California State Gem Mine, Santa Rita Peak, San Benito County, California, USAEMPA analysis of light yellow rims and pink or bluish pink cores from a serpentinite.
13Tin bearing skarns, Cassiar, Liard Mining Division, British Columbia, CanadaWet chemical and Optical emission spectrography analysis of a Sn-rich andradite from a garnet-skarn.
14Otjosondu, Omatako Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, NamibiaEMPA, Mossbauer and optical absorption analysis of a andradite-blythite series garnet from a coarse grained garnet-pyroxene fels with inhomogenous distribution of the main minerals. The mineral assemblage is garnet, Mn-pyroxene, hyalophane, altered rhodonite, baryte, braunite and hematite. This is the most andradite-rich of the 11 analyses presented by Amthauer et al. (1988)
15Outokumpu mining district, North Karelia, FinlandMicroprobe analysis of a single crystal of uvarovite enclosed in quartz, Outokumpu. The analytical data provided here is the average of 12 analyses taken with 0.5mm spacing across a single crystal (rim-core-rim). The crystal is relatively homogeneous with the composition ranging from uv59.1gr32.8 to uv63.4gr30.7.
16Flekkeren, Skien, Telemark, NorwayEMPA analysed garnet from a contact metamorphic limestone.
17Santa Rita Peak, San Benito County, California, USAEMPA analysis of light yellow rims and pink or bluish pink cores from a serpentinite.
18California State Gem Mine, Santa Rita Peak, San Benito County, California, USAEMPA analysis of light yellow rims and pink or bluish pink cores from a serpentinite.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0006759AndraditeArmbruster T, Birrer J, Libowitzky E, Beran A (1998) Crystal chemistry of Ti-bearing andradites European Journal of Mineralogy 10 907-9211998Okahandja, Namibia0293
0006758AndraditeArmbruster T, Birrer J, Libowitzky E, Beran A (1998) Crystal chemistry of Ti-bearing andradites European Journal of Mineralogy 10 907-9211998Schaffhausen area, Switzerland0293
0006757AndraditeArmbruster T, Birrer J, Libowitzky E, Beran A (1998) Crystal chemistry of Ti-bearing andradites European Journal of Mineralogy 10 907-9211998Zermatt, Valais, Switzerland0293
0006756AndraditeArmbruster T, Birrer J, Libowitzky E, Beran A (1998) Crystal chemistry of Ti-bearing andradites European Journal of Mineralogy 10 907-9211998N'Zala, Atlas mountains, Morocco0293
0006755AndraditeArmbruster T, Birrer J, Libowitzky E, Beran A (1998) Crystal chemistry of Ti-bearing andradites European Journal of Mineralogy 10 907-9211998Baden-Wurtemburg, Germany0293
0006754AndraditeArmbruster T, Birrer J, Libowitzky E, Beran A (1998) Crystal chemistry of Ti-bearing andradites European Journal of Mineralogy 10 907-9211998Baden-Wurtemburg, Germany0293
0009894AndraditePilati T, Demartin F, Gramaccioli C M (1996) Atomic displacement parameters for garnets: A lattice-dynamical evaluation Acta Crystallographica B52 239-2501996Val Malenco, Italy0293
0006606AndraditeArmbruster T (1995) Structure refinement of hydrous andradite, Ca3Fe1.54Mn0.02Al0.26(SiO4)1.65(O4H4)1.35, from the Wessels mine, Kalahari manganese field, South Africa European Journal of Mineralogy 7 1221-12251995Wessels mine, Kalahari manganese field, South Africa0293
0000244UvaroviteNovak G A, Gibbs G V (1971) The crystal chemistry of the silicate garnets sample Uv American Mineralogist 56 791-8231971Washington, Nevada Co, California, USA0293
0000246AndraditeNovak G A, Gibbs G V (1971) The crystal chemistry of the silicate garnets sample An American Mineralogist 56 791-8231971Valmalen, Italy0293
0003948AndraditeGaluskina I O, Galuskin E V, Dzierzanowski P, Armbruster T, Kozanecki M (2005) A natural scandian garnet American Mineralogist 90 1688-169220050293
0008734UvaroviteAndrut M, Wildner M (2002) The crystal chemistry of birefringent natural uvarovites. Part III. Application of the superposition model of crystal fields with a characterization of synthetic cubic uvarovite Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 29 595-60820020293
0006946AndraditeAgrosi G, Schingaro E, Pedrazzi G, Scandale E, Scordari F (2002) A crystal chemical insight into sector zoning of a titanian andradite ('melanite') crystal European Journal of Mineralogy 14 785-79420020293
0006945AndraditeAgrosi G, Schingaro E, Pedrazzi G, Scandale E, Scordari F (2002) A crystal chemical insight into sector zoning of a titanian andradite ('melanite') crystal European Journal of Mineralogy 14 785-79420020293
0006944AndraditeAgrosi G, Schingaro E, Pedrazzi G, Scandale E, Scordari F (2002) A crystal chemical insight into sector zoning of a titanian andradite ('melanite') crystal European Journal of Mineralogy 14 785-79420020293
0002725UvaroviteWildner M, Andrut M (2001) The crystal chemistry of birefringent natural uvarovites: Part II. Single-crystal X-ray structures American Mineralogist 86 1231-125120010293
0002724UvaroviteWildner M, Andrut M (2001) The crystal chemistry of birefringent natural uvarovites: Part II. Single-crystal X-ray structures American Mineralogist 86 1231-125120010293
0002723UvaroviteWildner M, Andrut M (2001) The crystal chemistry of birefringent natural uvarovites: Part II. Single-crystal X-ray structures American Mineralogist 86 1231-125120010293
0007865AndraditeWoodland A B, Ross C R (1994) A crystallographic and Mossbauer spectroscopy study of Fe3Al2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12, (Almandine-"Skiagite") and Ca3Fe2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12 (Andradite-"Skiagite") garnet solid solutions Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 21 117-13219940293
0007864AndraditeWoodland A B, Ross C R (1994) A crystallographic and Mossbauer spectroscopy study of Fe3Al2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12, (Almandine-"Skiagite") and Ca3Fe2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12 (Andradite-"Skiagite") garnet solid solutions Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 21 117-13219940293
0007860AndraditeWoodland A B, Ross C R (1994) A crystallographic and Mossbauer spectroscopy study of Fe3Al2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12, (Almandine-"Skiagite") and Ca3Fe2Si3O12-Fe3Fe2Si3O12 (Andradite-"Skiagite") garnet solid solutions Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 21 117-13219940293
0006473AndraditeArmbruster T, Geiger C A (1993) Andradite crystal chemistry, dynamic X-site disorder and structural strain in silicate garnets European Journal of Mineralogy 5 59-7119930293
0006472AndraditeArmbruster T, Geiger C A (1993) Andradite crystal chemistry, dynamic X-site disorder and structural strain in silicate garnets European Journal of Mineralogy 5 59-7119930293
0006471AndraditeArmbruster T, Geiger C A (1993) Andradite crystal chemistry, dynamic X-site disorder and structural strain in silicate garnets European Journal of Mineralogy 5 59-7119930293
0006470AndraditeArmbruster T, Geiger C A (1993) Andradite crystal chemistry, dynamic X-site disorder and structural strain in silicate garnets European Journal of Mineralogy 5 59-7119930293
0006469AndraditeArmbruster T, Geiger C A (1993) Andradite crystal chemistry, dynamic X-site disorder and structural strain in silicate garnets European Journal of Mineralogy 5 59-7119930293
0001281AndraditeKingma K J, Downs J W (1989) Crystal-structure analysis of a birefringent andradite American Mineralogist 74 1307-131619890293
0001254AndraditeLager G A, Armbruster T, Rotella F J, Rossman G R (1989) OH substitution in garnets: X-ray and neutron diffraction, infrared, and geometric-modeling studies sample SB-3 American Mineralogist 74 840-85119890293
0001253AndraditeLager G A, Armbruster T, Rotella F J, Rossman G R (1989) OH substitution in garnets: X-ray and neutron diffraction, infrared, and geometric-modeling studies sample SB-2 American Mineralogist 74 840-85119890293
0001252AndraditeLager G A, Armbruster T, Rotella F J, Rossman G R (1989) OH substitution in garnets: X-ray and neutron diffraction, infrared, and geometric-modeling studies sample SB-1 American Mineralogist 74 840-85119890293
0001207AndraditeHazen R M, Finger L W (1989) High-pressure crystal chemistry of andradite and pyrope: Revised procedures for high-pressure diffraction experiments sample in air American Mineralogist 74 352-35919890293
0001208AndraditeHazen R M, Finger L W (1989) High-pressure crystal chemistry of andradite and pyrope: Revised procedures for high-pressure diffraction experiments American Mineralogist 74 352-35919892293
0001209AndraditeHazen R M, Finger L W (1989) High-pressure crystal chemistry of andradite and pyrope: Revised procedures for high-pressure diffraction experiments American Mineralogist 74 352-35919893293
0001210AndraditeHazen R M, Finger L W (1989) High-pressure crystal chemistry of andradite and pyrope: Revised procedures for high-pressure diffraction experiments American Mineralogist 74 352-35919895293
0001211AndraditeHazen R M, Finger L W (1989) High-pressure crystal chemistry of andradite and pyrope: Revised procedures for high-pressure diffraction experiments American Mineralogist 74 352-359198912.5293
0001212AndraditeHazen R M, Finger L W (1989) High-pressure crystal chemistry of andradite and pyrope: Revised procedures for high-pressure diffraction experiments American Mineralogist 74 352-359198919293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
2 photos of Andradite-Uvarovite Series associated with DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
2 photos of Andradite-Uvarovite Series associated with PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
2 photos of Andradite-Uvarovite Series associated with AndraditeCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
1 photo of Andradite-Uvarovite Series associated with CalciteCaCO3

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Andradite-Uvarovite Series in petrologyHide

Internet Links for Andradite-Uvarovite SeriesHide

References for Andradite-Uvarovite SeriesHide

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Localities for Andradite-Uvarovite SeriesHide

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