Peterandresenite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Peterandresenite
Any gaidonnayites to be seen?
Formula:
Mn4Nb6O19 · 14H2O
Colour:
Orange
Lustre:
Vitreous, Resinous
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
3.10
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after the Norwegian mineral collector Peter Andresen, who first found the mineral.
The first naturally occurring hexaniobate. It has a novel structure consisting of six edge-sharing NbO6 octahedra forming a super octahedron known as a Lindqvist ion. Three such complex ions are interconnected by one Mn2+-centred octahedron to form a two-dimensional layer perpendicular to c. The second Mn2+-centred octahedron bridges the Lindqvist ion, protrudes into the adjacent layer along c, and takes part in the formation of 3D structure via hydrogen bonds.
Somewhat chemically and visually similar are the heteropolyniobates menezesite and aspedamite. Also chemically similar to hansesmarkite.
Somewhat chemically and visually similar are the heteropolyniobates menezesite and aspedamite. Also chemically similar to hansesmarkite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
43796
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:43796:3
IMA Classification of Peterandresenite
Classification of Peterandresenite
7.GB.60
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
G : Molybdates, Wolframates and Niobates
B : With additional anions and/or H2O
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
G : Molybdates, Wolframates and Niobates
B : With additional anions and/or H2O
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Pan | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Peterandresenite
Vitreous, Resinous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Orange
Streak:
Pale orange
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.10(1) g/cm3 (Measured) 3.05 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Peterandresenite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.760(5) nβ = 1.795(5) nγ = 1.800(5)
2V:
Measured: 43° (2), Calculated: 40°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.040
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
Strong (r>v)
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X (colourless) < Z (pale orange)<
Chemistry of Peterandresenite
Mindat Formula:
Mn4Nb6O19 · 14H2O
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Peterandresenite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 15.329(1) Å, b = 9.4121(5) Å, c = 11.2832(9) Å
β = 118.650(4)°
β = 118.650(4)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.629 : 1 : 1.199
Unit Cell V:
1428.6 ų
Z:
2
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 9.898 Å | (82) |
| 7.710 Å | (42) |
| 7.469 Å | (39) |
| 7.103 Å | (63) |
| 3.410 Å | (30) |
| 3.301 Å | (20) |
| 2.926 Å | (100) |
| 2.029 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Peterandresenite
General Appearance of Type Material:
It occurs as equidimensional, transparent to translucent orange crystals up to 1 mm with a pale orange streak and a vitreous to resinous lustre.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
In the collections of the Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, catalogue numbers 43490 and 43492, and the Mineral Sciences Department, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, USA, catalogue number 64008.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
The mineral was found on fracture surfaces and in tiny vugs in the centre of a miaskitic pegmatite dike.
Synonyms of Peterandresenite
Other Language Names for Peterandresenite
Dutch:Peterandreseniet
German:Peterandresenit
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 15 photos of Peterandresenite associated with Gonnardite | (Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O |
| 10 photos of Peterandresenite associated with Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| 4 photos of Peterandresenite associated with Chiavennite | CaMnBe2Si5O13(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| 2 photos of Peterandresenite associated with Hansesmarkite | Ca2Mn2Nb6O19 · 20H2O |
| 1 photo of Peterandresenite associated with Fayalite | Fe2+2(SiO4) |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.GB. | Stunorthropite | (NH4)4[Mo2O6(MoO4)2] |
| 7.GB. | Hartkoppeite | Ca4Mn2+Mo6+6As5+4O32(OH)2(H2O)14 · 5H2O |
| 7.GB. | Wangpuite | K3(PO4)(Mo12O36) |
| 7.GB. | Alexearlite | Hg3S2(MoO4) |
| 7.GB. | Ootannite | Th4+2W6+4O16 · 5H2O |
| 7.GB. | Natromolybdite | Na2MoO4 · 2H2O |
| 7.GB. | Marsaalamite-(Y) | Y(MoO4)(OH) |
| 7.GB.05 | Lindgrenite | Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 |
| 7.GB.10 | Szenicsite | Cu3(MoO4)(OH)4 |
| 7.GB.15 | 'UM1999-38-WO:CrV' | (V, Cr, W, O, H) [V:Cr:W ratio about 2:1:3] |
| 7.GB.15 | Huenite | Cu4(MoO4)3(OH)2 |
| 7.GB.15 | Cuprotungstite | Cu2(WO4)(OH)2 |
| 7.GB.20 | Phyllotungstite | (H2O,M)x(W,Fe)(O,OH)3 · yH2O (M = Ca, Cs, Pb or K) |
| 7.GB.25 | Rankachite | Ca0.5(V4+,V5+)(W6+,Fe3+)2O8(OH) · 2H2O |
| 7.GB.30 | Ferrimolybdite | Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O |
| 7.GB.35 | Mpororoite | WAlO3(OH)3 · 2(H2O) |
| 7.GB.35 | Anthoinite | AlWO3(OH)3 |
| 7.GB.40 | Obradovicite-KCu | [K2(H2O)17Cu(H2O)6][Mo8As2Fe3+3O34(OH)3] |
| 7.GB.45 | Paramendozavilite | [KAl4(H2O)30][Mo12P6Fe3+6O60(OH)13] |
| 7.GB.45 | Mendozavilite-NaFe | [Na2(H2O)15Fe3+(H2O)6][Mo8P2Fe3+3O35(OH)2] |
| 7.GB.45 | Obradovicite-NaCu | Na2(H2O)17Cu(H2O)6][Mo8As2Fe3+3O34(OH)3] |
| 7.GB.45 | Obradovicite-NaNa | [Na2(H2O)16Na(H2O)6][Mo8As2Fe3+3O33(OH)4] |
| 7.GB.50 | Tancaite-(Ce) | FeCe(MoO4)3 · 3H2O |
| 7.GB.50 | Mendozavilite-NaCu | [Na2(H2O)15Cu(H2O)6][Mo8P2Fe3+3O34(OH)3] |
| 7.GB.50 | Mendozavilite-KCa | [K2(H2O)15Ca(H2O)6][Mo8P2Fe3+3O34(OH)3] |
| 7.GB.60 | Hansesmarkite | Ca2Mn2Nb6O19 · 20H2O |
| 7.GB.60 | Melcherite | Ba2Na2Mg[Nb6O19] · 6H2O |
| 7.GB.65 | Ichnusaite | Th(MoO4)2 · 3H2O |
| 7.GB.70 | Markascherite | Cu3(MoO4)(OH)4 |
| 7.GB.75 | Nuragheite | Th(MoO4)2 · H2O |
| 7.GB.80 | Ophirite | Ca2Mg4[Zn2Mn3+2(H2O)2(Fe3+W9O34)2] · 46H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Peterandresenite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-43796.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Peterandresenite
Reference List:
Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2013) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2013. CNMNC Newsletter No 16. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (6) 2695-2709 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.6.01
Friis, Henrik, Larsen, Alf Olav, Kampf, Anthony R., Evans, R. James, Selbekk, Rune S., Sánchez, A. Aranda, Kihle, Jan (2014) Peterandresenite, Mn4Nb6O19·14H2O, a new mineral containing the Lindqvist ion from a syenite pegmatite of the Larvik Plutonic Complex, southern Norway. European Journal of Mineralogy, 26 (4) 567-576 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2014/0026-2385
Localities for Peterandresenite
Showing 3 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Namibia | |
| von Bezing et al. (2016) |
Norway (TL) | |
| Williams et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
Spain | |
| Dill et al. (2023) |
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A/S Granit Quarry, Tuften, Tvedalen, Larvik Commune, Vestfold, Norway