ABAP odata demo 增删改查创建实施以及测试

原创已于 2026-06-03 14:49:32 修改 · 2.4k 阅读

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于 2023-07-06 14:47:13 首次发布

本文详细介绍了如何在SAP系统中使用1SEGW创建OData项目，并展示了CREATE_ENTITY、UPDATE_ENTITY、DELETE_ENTITY和GET_ENTITY、GET_ENTITYSET这五个关键操作的ABAP实现代码，包括创建新记录、更新已有数据、删除数据以及查询单条和多条数据的方法。最后，提到了如何进行服务激活和使用T-code/IWFND/MAINT_SERVICE进行测试。

1 SEGW 创建odata 项目

2 创建 entity Types

3 对对应的方法实施编写逻辑

3.1 CREATE_ENTITY 实现 ->创建

点击图示生成

然后点击上面图示去实现create 方法

refine

  METHOD personset_create_entity.
*SUPER->PERSONSET_CREATE_ENTITY(
*  EXPORTING
*    IV_ENTITY_NAME          = IV_ENTITY_NAME
*    IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME      = IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME
*    IV_SOURCE_NAME          = IV_SOURCE_NAME
*    IT_KEY_TAB              = IT_KEY_TAB
**    io_tech_request_context = io_tech_request_context
*    IT_NAVIGATION_PATH      = IT_NAVIGATION_PATH
**    io_data_provider        = io_data_provider
**  IMPORTING
**    er_entity               = er_entity
*       ).
    DATA:ls_requst_input_data TYPE  zcl_ztest_demo_mpc=>ts_person,
         ls_data_insert       TYPE ztest_odata.
    io_data_provider->read_entry_data( IMPORTING es_data = ls_requst_input_data ).

    ls_data_insert-uname      = ls_requst_input_data-uname .
    ls_data_insert-phone      = ls_requst_input_data-phone .
    ls_data_insert-address    = ls_requst_input_data-address.

    INSERT ztest_odata FROM ls_data_insert .
    IF sy-subrc EQ 0 .
      er_entity = ls_requst_input_data .
    ENDIF.
  ENDMETHOD.

3.2 UPDATE_ENTITY 实现 -> 更新

编写逻辑

  METHOD personset_update_entity.
*SUPER->PERSONSET_UPDATE_ENTITY(
*  EXPORTING
*    IV_ENTITY_NAME          = IV_ENTITY_NAME
*    IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME      = IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME
*    IV_SOURCE_NAME          = IV_SOURCE_NAME
*    IT_KEY_TAB              = IT_KEY_TAB
**    io_tech_request_context = io_tech_request_context
*    IT_NAVIGATION_PATH      = IT_NAVIGATION_PATH
**    io_data_provider        = io_data_provider
**  IMPORTING
**    er_entity               = er_entity
*       ).
    DATA:ls_requst_input_data TYPE zcl_ztest_demo_mpc=>ts_person.
    io_data_provider->read_entry_data( IMPORTING es_data = ls_requst_input_data ).
    UPDATE ztest_odata     SET  phone   = ls_requst_input_data-phone
                                address = ls_requst_input_data-address
                             WHERE uname  = ls_requst_input_data-uname .
    IF sy-subrc EQ 0 .
      er_entity = ls_requst_input_data .
    ENDIF.



  ENDMETHOD.

3.3 DELETE_ENTITY 实现 -> 删除

  METHOD personset_delete_entity.
*SUPER->PERSONSET_DELETE_ENTITY(
*    IV_ENTITY_NAME          = IV_ENTITY_NAME
*    IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME      = IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME
*    IV_SOURCE_NAME          = IV_SOURCE_NAME
*    IT_KEY_TAB              = IT_KEY_TAB
**    io_tech_request_context = io_tech_request_context
*    IT_NAVIGATION_PATH      = IT_NAVIGATION_PATH
*       ).

    DATA: ls_key TYPE /iwbep/s_mgw_name_value_pair,
          lv_id  TYPE /iwbep/s_mgw_name_value_pair-value.
    DATA lv_flag TYPE c .
    CLEAR ls_key .
    READ TABLE it_key_tab INTO ls_key WITH KEY name = 'Uname' .
    lv_id = ls_key-value.
    CHECK  lv_id IS NOT INITIAL .
    DELETE FROM ztest_odata WHERE uname = lv_id .
    IF sy-subrc NE 0.
      lv_flag =  'X'.
    ENDIF.
    IF lv_flag EQ 'X'.
      ROLLBACK WORK .
      MESSAGE 'DELETE DATA FAILE' TYPE 'E' .
    ELSE.
      COMMIT WORK .
    ENDIF.
  ENDMETHOD.

3.4 GET_ENTITY 实现 -> 查询单条数据

  METHOD personset_get_entity.
*SUPER->PERSONSET_GET_ENTITY(
*  EXPORTING
*    IV_ENTITY_NAME          = IV_ENTITY_NAME
*    IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME      = IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME
*    IV_SOURCE_NAME          = IV_SOURCE_NAME
*    IT_KEY_TAB              = IT_KEY_TAB
**    io_request_object       = io_request_object
**    io_tech_request_context = io_tech_request_context
*    IT_NAVIGATION_PATH      = IT_NAVIGATION_PATH
**  IMPORTING
**    er_entity               = er_entity
**    es_response_context     = es_response_context
*       ).
    DATA: ls_key   TYPE /iwbep/s_mgw_name_value_pair,
          lv_value TYPE /iwbep/s_mgw_name_value_pair-value.

    CLEAR ls_key .
    READ TABLE it_key_tab INTO ls_key WITH KEY name = 'Uname' .
    lv_value = ls_key-value.

    IF lv_value IS  NOT INITIAL.
      SELECT SINGLE * FROM ztest_odata
        INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF er_entity
        WHERE uname = lv_value.

    ENDIF.



  ENDMETHOD.

3.4 GET_ENTITYSET 实现 -> 查询多条数据

  METHOD personset_get_entityset.
*SUPER->PERSONSET_GET_ENTITYSET(
*  EXPORTING
*    IV_ENTITY_NAME           = IV_ENTITY_NAME
*    IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME       = IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME
*    IV_SOURCE_NAME           = IV_SOURCE_NAME
*    IT_FILTER_SELECT_OPTIONS = IT_FILTER_SELECT_OPTIONS
*    IS_PAGING                = IS_PAGING
*    IT_KEY_TAB               = IT_KEY_TAB
*    IT_NAVIGATION_PATH       = IT_NAVIGATION_PATH
*    IT_ORDER                 = IT_ORDER
*    IV_FILTER_STRING         = IV_FILTER_STRING
*    IV_SEARCH_STRING         = IV_SEARCH_STRING
**    io_tech_request_context  = io_tech_request_context
**  IMPORTING
**    et_entityset             = et_entityset
**    es_response_context      = es_response_context
*       ).

    SELECT *
     INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE et_entityset
     FROM ztest_odata .


  ENDMETHOD.

4 激活service

5 测试上面实现方法 T-code /IWFND/MAINT_SERVICE

5.1 测试 CREATE_ENTITY

sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZTEST_DEMO_SRV/personSet

选择post 方法

测试json

 {
  "Uname":"TEST",
  "Phone":"12345678901",
  "Address":"ztest"
}

执行后

5.2 测试 UPDATE_ENTITY

跟创建类似，调用put 方法

/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZTEST_DEMO_SRV/personSet('TEST')

测试jSON

 {
  "Uname":"TEST",
  "Phone":"12345678901",
  "Address":"ztest01"
}

执行成功后

5.3 测试 GET_ENTITY

/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZTEST_DEMO_SRV/personSet(Uname='TEST')

如果多个key 的话可以这样输入

/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZTEST_DEMO_SRV/personSet(Uname='TEST',Key2='',Key3='')

用逗号隔开

选择get 方法输入存在数据 uname = 'TEST'

返回结果

<title type="text">personSet('TEST')</title>

<updated>2023-07-06T06:21:17Z</updated>

<category scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" term="ZTEST_DEMO_SRV.person"/>

<link title="person" rel="self" href="personSet('TEST')"/>


-<content type="application/xml">


-<m:properties>

<d:Uname>TEST</d:Uname>

<d:Phone>12345678901</d:Phone>

<d:Address>ztest01</d:Address>

</m:properties>

</content>

5.3 测试 GET_ENTITYSET 查询集合

/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZTEST_DEMO_SRV/personSet

直接get 获取输出结果

<title type="text">personSet('TEST')</title>

<updated>2023-07-06T06:24:29Z</updated>

<category scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" term="ZTEST_DEMO_SRV.person"/>

<link title="person" rel="self" href="personSet('TEST')"/>


-<content type="application/xml">


-<m:properties xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata">

<d:Uname>TEST</d:Uname>

<d:Phone>12345678901</d:Phone>

<d:Address>ztest01</d:Address>

</m:properties>

</content>



<title type="text">personSet('test')</title>

<updated>2023-07-06T06:24:29Z</updated>

<category scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme" term="ZTEST_DEMO_SRV.person"/>

<link title="person" rel="self" href="personSet('test')"/>


-<content type="application/xml">


-<m:properties xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata">

<d:Uname>test</d:Uname>

<d:Phone>12345678901</d:Phone>

<d:Address>ztest</d:Address>

</m:properties>

</content>

可以查询出多条结果

也可以类似过滤查询单条数据

odata/SAP/ZTEST_DEMO_SRV/personSet?$filter=(Uname eq 'ZTEST')&$format=json

如果是多个key ,用逗号隔开

eg ?$filter=(Uname eq 'ZTEST',Key2 eq 'ZTEST',Key3 eq 'ZTEST')

查询单条数据需要在 PERSONSET_GET_ENTITYSET 写过滤逻辑，上面没写

需要加以下逻辑

  METHOD personset_get_entityset.
*SUPER->PERSONSET_GET_ENTITYSET(
*  EXPORTING
*    IV_ENTITY_NAME           = IV_ENTITY_NAME
*    IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME       = IV_ENTITY_SET_NAME
*    IV_SOURCE_NAME           = IV_SOURCE_NAME
*    IT_FILTER_SELECT_OPTIONS = IT_FILTER_SELECT_OPTIONS
*    IS_PAGING                = IS_PAGING
*    IT_KEY_TAB               = IT_KEY_TAB
*    IT_NAVIGATION_PATH       = IT_NAVIGATION_PATH
*    IT_ORDER                 = IT_ORDER
*    IV_FILTER_STRING         = IV_FILTER_STRING
*    IV_SEARCH_STRING         = IV_SEARCH_STRING
**    io_tech_request_context  = io_tech_request_context
**  IMPORTING
**    et_entityset             = et_entityset
**    es_response_context      = es_response_context
*       ).

    DATA: lt_range_name TYPE RANGE OF ztest_odata-uname.

    READ TABLE it_filter_select_options ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_filter>) WITH KEY property = |Uname|.
    IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
      LOOP AT <ls_filter>-select_options ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_filter_select>).
        IF <ls_filter_select>-low IS NOT INITIAL.
          APPEND INITIAL LINE TO lt_range_name ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_range_name>).
          <ls_range_name>-sign   = <ls_filter_select>-sign.
          <ls_range_name>-option = <ls_filter_select>-option.
          <ls_range_name>-low    = <ls_filter_select>-low.
        ENDIF.
      ENDLOOP.
    ENDIF.

    SELECT *
     INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE et_entityset
     FROM ztest_odata
     WHERE  uname IN lt_range_name.


  ENDMETHOD.

5.3 测试 DELETE_ENTITY

选中DELETE 方法

/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZTEST_DEMO_SRV/personSet(Uname='TEST')

执行

Reference Services · OData - the Best Way to REST 测试文档

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