Adherbal (king of Numidia)

Adherbal
Adherbal
Agellid of Numidia
	On the obverse diademed and bearded bust of Adherbal facing left on the revers, horse prancing left with a star above
King of Numidia
Reign	118–112 BC
Predecessor	Micipsa
Successor	Jugurtha as sole king
Co-ruler	Hiempsal I; Jugurtha;
Died	112 BC; Cirta, Numidia
Punic	𐤀𐤃𐤓𐤁𐤏𐤋 (ʾdrbʿl)
Dynasty	Massylii
Father	Micipsa

Adherbal (Punic: 𐤀𐤃𐤓𐤁𐤏𐤋, ʾdrbʿl),^[1] son of Micipsa and grandson of Masinissa, was a king of Numidia between 118 till his murder in 112 BC.^[2]

Biography

He inherited the throne after the death of his father, and ruled jointly with his younger brother Hiempsal, and Jugurtha, the nephew of Masinissa.

After the murder of his brother by Jugurtha, Adherbal fled to Rome and was restored to his share of the kingdom by the Romans in 117 BC, with Jugurtha ruling his brother's former share. But Adherbal was again stripped of his dominions by Jugurtha and besieged in Cirta, where he was killed by Jugurtha in 112 BC, although he had placed himself under the protection of the Romans.^[3]^[4]^[5]

This led to growing tensions between the Roman Republic and the kingdom which eventually led with the murder of Massiva II to the Jugurthine War which would end up severely weakening the power of the numidian royalty.

François Joseph Lagrange-Chancel's 1694 French play Adherbal, King of Numidia is based on his story.

Notes

↑ The star is often interpreted as a sort of coat of arm for the Numidian rulers and can be found on coinage of Masinissa, Micipsa but also Juba I and Juba II
↑ Meaning "Baal is glorious."

References

Citations

↑ Huss (1985), p. 559.
↑ Smith, William (1867), "Adherbal (3)", in Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. 1, Boston, MA, p. 19, archived from the original on 2009-07-01, retrieved 2007-10-13{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
↑ Sallust, Bellum Jugurthinum 5, 13, 14, 24, 25, 26
↑ Livy, Ep. 63
↑ Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca historica 34-35.31

Bibliography

Huss, Werner (1985), Geschichte der Karthager, Munich: C.H. Beck, ISBN 9783406306549. (in German)
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Adherbal (3)". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.

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[1] The star is often interpreted as a sort of coat of arm for the Numidian rulers and can be found on coinage of Masinissa, Micipsa but also Juba I and Juba II

[2] Meaning "Baal is glorious."

[FOOTNOTEHuss1985[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidNvEK7kc3qnQCpgPA559_559]-3] Huss (1985), p. 559.

[4] Smith, William (1867), "Adherbal (3)", in Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. 1, Boston, MA, p. 19, archived from the original on 2009-07-01, retrieved 2007-10-13{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[5] Sallust, Bellum Jugurthinum 5, 13, 14, 24, 25, 26

[6] Livy, Ep. 63

[7] Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca historica 34-35.31

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v t e Kings of Numidia
Legendary	Antaeus Diodorus Iarbas	Coin bearing an emblem often used by the Numidians
Pre-unification period	Madghis Zelalsan I Iles Aylimas Niptasan "Unknown king I" Zelalsan II Gaia Naravas "Unknown king II" Syphax Oezalces Capussa Lacumazes Mazaetullus Vermina Masinissa Archobarzane
Unified Numidia	Masinissa Micipsa Gulussa Mastanabal Hiempsal I Adherbal Jugurtha (Massiva II) Gauda Hiempsal II Masteabar
Dynastic conflict	Hiarbas II Hiempsal II Masinissa II Juba I Publius Sittius Massintha (?) Arabio Juba II
Massylian-Ptolemaic dynasty	Juba II Cleopatra Selene II Tacfarinas Ptolemy
Debatable or disputed rulers are in italics.

Biography

See also

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography