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Environmental policy of the second Trump administration

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The environmental policy of the second Trump administration was a shift from the Biden administration.[1] The Trump administration has prioritized economic concerns over environmental ones, advocated for increased oil production, and has withdrawn the United States from the Paris Climate Agreement.[2]

Appointments

[edit]

Environmental Protection Agency Administrator

[edit]

Lee Zeldin was selected as the Trump administration's administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in November 2024.[3] James Payne was appointed as acting administrator of the EPA on January 20, 2025, until Zeldin was approved by the Senate.[4] Zeldin was confirmed by the Senate on January 29, 2025, by a 56 to 42 vote.[5]

Department of Energy

[edit]

In November 2024, the Trump administration selected Chris Wright to be the Secretary of Energy.[6] Wright was confirmed by the Senate on February 3, 2025.[7]

Domestic policy

[edit]

At a private dinner at Mar-a-Lago in April 2024, Trump encouraged fossil fuel companies to donate to his campaign, saying that he would roll back environmental regulations if elected.[8] Trump's transition team for climate and the environment was led by David Bernhardt, a former oil lobbyist who served as interior secretary, and Andrew R. Wheeler, a former coal lobbyist who led the EPA under Trump. The team withdrew from the Paris Agreement for a second time (the only country in the world to do so[9]), expand drilling and mining on public land, and dismantle offices working to end pollution. Trump pledged to redraw the boundaries of the Bears Ears and Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monuments as he did in his first term, end a pause on new natural gas export terminals that began under President Joe Biden, and prevent states from setting their own pollution standards.[10]

On his first day in office, Trump declared a "national energy emergency" despite the U.S.'s producing more oil and exporting more natural gas than any other country.[9] Trump also signed the Initial Rescissions of Harmful Executive Orders and Actions.

On January 20, 2025, Trump signed Executive Order 14154 (Unleashing American Energy) which orders[11]

  • agencies to "develop and begin implementing action plans to suspend, revise, or rescind all agency actions identified as unduly burdensome" "on the identification, development, or use of domestic energy resources—with particular attention to oil, natural gas, coal, hydropower, biofuels, critical mineral, and nuclear energy resources"
  • the attorney general to request that courts "stay or otherwise delay further litigation, or seek other appropriate relief consistent with this order"
  • revoking "All activities, programs, and operations associated with the American Climate Corps"
  • rescinding Council on Environmental Quality's National Environmental Policy Act regulations in their entirety[12]
  • "all agencies must prioritize efficiency and certainty over any other objectives".
  • The Director of the NEC and the Director of the Office of Legislative Affairs shall jointly prepare recommendations to Congress, which shall "provide greater certainty in the Federal permitting process, including, but not limited to, streamlining the judicial review of the application of NEPA".
  • "eliminating the “social cost of carbon” calculation from any Federal permitting or regulatory decision"
  • reconsideration of the endangerment finding
  • agencies pause the disbursement of funds appropriated through the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 or the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, "including but not limited to funds for electric vehicle charging stations made available through the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Formula Program and the Charging and Fueling Infrastructure Discretionary Grant Program"
  • restarting reviews of applications for approvals of liquified natural gas export projects "as expeditiously as possible"
  • undertaking steps to revise or rescind "all agency actions that impose undue burdens on the domestic mining and processing of non-fuel minerals"
  • reassessing public lands withdrawals
  • prioritizing efforts to accelerate the ongoing, detailed geologic mapping of the United States, with a focus on locating previously unknown deposits of critical minerals
  • ensuring "that critical mineral projects, including the processing of critical minerals, receive consideration for Federal support"
  • assessing "whether exploitative practices and state-assisted mineral projects abroad are unlawful or unduly burden or restrict United States commerce"
  • assessing "the quantity and inflow of minerals that are likely the product of forced labor into the United States and whether such inflows pose a threat to national security"
  • ensuring "that the National Defense Stockpile will provide a robust supply of critical minerals in event of future shortfall"
  • "policy recommendations to enhance the competitiveness of American mining and refining companies in other mineral-wealthy nations"

Trump also appointed oil, gas, and chemical industry lobbyists to the Environmental Protection Agency to roll back climate rules and pollution controls.[13]

In February 2025, the administration terminated the Environmental and Climate Justice Block Grant Program.[14] In June 2026, district judge Richard Gergel ruled that the terminations were unlawful and in July 2026 a federal judge ordered the program's remaining $2.8 billion in funds be distributed.[15][16]

In March 2025, the Environmental Protection Agency announced the "Biggest Deregulatory Action in U.S. History".[17]

By the end of its fourth month, Trump's second administration had reduced staffing at several major federal environmental agencies; reduced regulations against air pollution; stopped tracking major sources of greenhouse gases that cause global warming and climate change; expedited approvals for fossil fuel projects; expanded logging permits in national forests; dismissed scientists working on the Congressionally mandated National Climate Assessment; purged the phrases "climate crisis" and "climate science" from government websites; and transferred some responsibility for disaster management to the states despite there having been 27 billion-dollar disasters in 2024 (versus 3 such disasters in 1980).[9]

During the 2025 shutdown, the administration retained federal employees that "issue permits for oil, gas and mining operations are on the job, along with those working to repeal pollution limits."[18]

In June 2026, the Department of Justice issued a legal filing to dismiss a citizen suit filed by the NAACP against xAI which alleged that xAI used methane gas turbines to power its AI data centers without proper permits or pollution controls in violation of the Clean Air Act.[19] The filing argued that citizen suits could not proceed when the executive branch does not oppose the polluting behavior.[20]

Climate and energy policy

[edit]

Trump ordered the pause on disbursement of climate-related funds issued by the IRA and BIL, and falsely conflated the funds with the "Green New Deal".[21] In February 2025, the FBI, Treasury Department, and EPA requested that Citibank freeze bank accounts of nonprofit organizations (including Climate United) that received funding under the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund, created by Congress in 2022 as part of the Inflation Reduction Act. Citibank froze the accounts. The FBI also asked Citibank to freeze accounts of Habitat for Humanity, United Way, the Colorado Clean Energy Fund and the New York State Department of Taxation and Finance. Three nonprofit organizations challenged the actions in court.[22] In April 2025, Trump issued Executive Order 14260 (Protecting American Energy From State Overreach) which directs the attorney general to "identify and take action against state laws and policies that burden the use of domestic energy resources and that are unconstitutional, preempted by federal law, or otherwise unenforceable".[23][24] Also in April, the administration fired all staffers working on the congressionally-mandated National Climate Assessment.[25] The administration proposed rescinding the 2001 roadless rule.[26]

The Justice Department sued New York and Vermont over their climate superfund laws and "Hawaii and Michigan to prevent each state from suing fossil fuel companies in state court to seek damages for alleged climate change harms."[27] After the lawsuit against Hawaii was dismissed,[28] the administration sued Minnesota, challenging a 2020 lawsuit by Attorney General Keith Ellison against the American Petroleum Institute, Exxon Mobil and Koch Industries.[29][30][31]

Coal

[edit]

In April 2025, the Interior Department announced it would "officially end its moratorium on federal coal leasing".[32] In September 2025, the administration announced a $625 million investment "to expand and reinvigorate America's coal industry", while paring back renewable energy subsidies, and that it was opening 13.1 million acres of federal land for coal leasing.[33][34] Trump signed Executive Order 14261 (Reinvigorating America's Beautiful Clean Coal Industry and Amending Executive Order 14241) which orders "prioritizing coal leasing and related activities (...) as the primary land use for the public lands with coal resources identified (...) and expedite coal leasing in these areas, including by utilizing such emergency authorities as are available to them and identifying opportunities to provide for expedited environmental reviews" and states:[35][36]

It is the policy of the United States that coal is essential to our national and economic security. It is a national priority to support the domestic coal industry by removing Federal regulatory barriers that undermine coal production, encouraging the utilization of coal to meet growing domestic energy demands, increasing American coal exports, and ensuring that Federal policy does not discriminate against coal production or coal-fired electricity generation.

On February 11, 2026, Trump signed an executive order titled "Strengthening United States National Defense with America's Beautiful Clean Coal Power Generation Fleet," directing the Secretary of War, in coordination with the Secretary of Energy, to procure power from coal-fired generation facilities through long-term Power Purchase Agreements to serve Department of War installations and other mission-critical facilities. The order cites the national energy emergency declared under Executive Order 14156 and builds on prior orders Executive Order 14261 (Reinvigorating America's Beautiful Clean Coal Industry) and Executive Order 14262 (Strengthening the Reliability and Security of the United States Electric Grid), with priority given to projects that enhance grid reliability and blackout prevention, on-site fuel security, and mission assurance for defense and intelligence capabilities.[37]

Nuclear energy

[edit]

In May 2025, Trump signed Executive Order 14302, seeking to speed up and expand the permitting of nuclear power plants.[38][39]

Solar and wind power

[edit]

Trump's push to unleash energy has not included solar and wind.[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][excessive citations] On January 20, 2025, Trump issued the Presidential Memorandum on Wind Energy which paused federal permitting for wind farms.[48][49][50] The administration withdrew or terminated $679 million in funding for 12 offshore wind projects across the United States, halted Revolution Wind and Empire Wind and moved to cancel approval of Lava Ridge Wind Project.[51][52][53][54]

Energy efficiency

[edit]

After initially planning to eliminate the Energy Star program, the EPA backtracked.[55]

Potential impact on trade

[edit]

Those policies can significantly hurt American economy as countries responsible for more than two thirds of the US goods export entered the Open Coalition on Compliance Carbon Markets which will probably include border tax on goods with big carbon footprint. The US industry is generally considered as low carbon but this advantage can disappear due to the environmental policy of Donald Trump.[56]

Climate and emissions data

[edit]

The EPA said it would stop updating one of the most viewed federal datasets after its creator was suspended for joining the EPA Letter of Dissent organized by Stand Up for Science 2025.[57]

The EPA also proposed ending the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program which requires polluters to report emissions.[58][59][60]

Toxic chemical pollution

[edit]

In March 2025, the EPA set up an email to allow "the regulated community to request a Presidential Exemption under section 112(i)(4) of the Clean Air Act".[61][62] In July 2025, the Trump administration exempted more than 100 plants from pollution limits established by the Biden administration. The limits reduce the releases of toxic chemicals, including carcinogenic. One of them reduces cancer risks of people living within 10 kilometers of a chemical plant by 96%. Four proclamations were issued. One exempts about 40 medical device sterilizing plants from requirements to reduce by 90% of the emissions of cancer-causing ethylene oxide. The second exempts more than 50 chemical companies and oil refineries from requirements to reduce emissions of toxic chemicals including ethylene oxide and another cancer-linked chemical called chloroprene. A third exempts 8 producers of taconite iron ore, from reducing mercury emissions linked to brain and nervous system damage by about 33%. The fourth exempts 6 coal plants from reducing release of mercury, nickel, arsenic, and lead, which can cause developmental delays in children, as well as heart attacks and cancer.[63][64] Trump signed Proclamation 10993 exempting coke ovens from a rule against increasing pollution.[65][66] It also moved to abandon all efforts to regulate greenhouse gases by reversing the endangerment finding.[67] On July 29, 2025, the Energy Department released A Critical Review of Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Emissions on the U.S. Climate promoting climate change denial and misinformation written by prominent climate skeptics who were given government jobs. Scientists widely criticized the report for an abundance of errors and denial of the scientific consensus on climate change.[68]

In March 2025, the EPA and the Army proposed limiting the bodies of water covered under the Clean Water Act and "fully implement the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Sackett v. Environmental Protection Agency".[69][70] In May 2025, the EPA announced it planned to "extend the compliance date" on limits on forever chemicals in drinking water.[71][72][73]

Under the administration, cases against polluters decreased with the administration reaching 18 settlements in the first six-month compared to 53 during the Biden administration.[74] A rule stated "Mindful that the Supreme Court recently clarified NEPA is a “purely procedural statute,” DOI will henceforth maintain the remainder of its NEPA procedures—which apply only to DOI's internal processes—in a Handbook separate from the Code of Federal Regulations".[75]

The EPA proposed extending the compliance deadlines on the use of HFCs in a number of applications.[76][77][78][79][80]

Conservation

[edit]

Trump signed proclamations to open the Pacific Islands Heritage Marine National Monument,[81][82][83] Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument,[84][85][86] Mau and Ho'omalu Zones of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, Islands Unit of the Mariana Trench Marine National Monument and Rose Atoll Marine National Monument to commercial fishing.[87][88][89]

In June 2025, Trump signed a memorandum pulling the federal government out of a deal with Northwest Indigenous tribes to save endangered salmon which are affected by hydroelectric dams.[90][91]

The administration announced it would open the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge for oil and gas leasing and allow a road through the Izembek National Wildlife Refuge.[92][93] Protections on more than 13 million acres of the National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska was revoked and, pursuant to the One Big Beautiful Bill, the Interior Department announced it will lease areas of the National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska for oil and gas.[94][95][96] Trump allowed the Ambler Road.[97][98][99] In August 2025, the Interior Department announced new hunting and sport fishing opportunities across more than 87,000 acres (35,000 ha) within the National Wildlife Refuge System and National Fish Hatchery System.[100][101][102] The administration weakened the Endangered Species Act.[103][104] The administration proposed rescinding the Public Lands Rule which "made conservation (i.e., no use) an official use of public lands, putting it on the same level as BLM’s other uses of public lands".[105][106] The 2026–2031 National Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Leasing Program was announced, a proposal to lease areas covering over a billion acres to oil drilling off the coast of Alaska, in the Gulf of Mexico and along the pacific.[107][108][109] The contract for the sole individual responsible for orphaned wells in National Parks was not renewed.[110]

In March 2026, Trump invoked the god squad provision of the Endangered Species Act to revoke protections for endangered species in the Gulf of Mexico in order to expand oil and gas operations in the gulf.[111]

Foreign policy

[edit]

At the UN in 2025, Trump called climate change the "greatest con job ever perpetrated on the world".[112] There was described as being "few issues on which the United States is more diplomatically isolated from the rest of the world than climate change".[113]

Treaties

[edit]

The administration has pushed other countries to loosen environmental rules including threatening to retaliate against countries that voted for the IMO Net-Zero Framework and urging countries to reject the global plastic pollution treaty.[114][115][116][117] Nine diplomats from the United States, Europe, and developing nations anonymously told the New York Times that US threats effectively ended the deal.[118]

Paris Climate Agreement

[edit]

President Trump signed Executive Order 14162 to withdraw the United States from the Paris Climate Agreement,[119] which he had also done previously in his first administration.[120] The withdrawal took effect on January 27, 2026, due to the requirement of paragraph 2 of article 28 of the Paris Climate Agreement that requires withdrawals to take effect 1 year after the Depositary receives a notification of withdrawal.[121]

United Nations

[edit]

In April 2025, the State Department eliminated the U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Climate.[122] The United States did not send any representatives to COP 30.[123] The United States notified the United Nations that they would withdraw from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change effective February 2027 on February 2026.[124]

Lawsuits

[edit]

In Friends of the Everglades, Inc. v. Noem, the US Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit ruled that a detention center in the Florida Everglades didn't violate the National Environmental Policy Act because it wasn't federally controlled.[125] Lighthiser v. Trump argued that Trump's energy executive orders violated their rights under the Due Process Clause, but the case was dismissed.[126]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "Sudden turns and long-lived investments: Trump administration energy and climate policies". Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  2. ↑ "Trump's Second Administration's Climate Policy — Bloomsbury Intelligence and Security Institute (BISI)". Bloomsbury Intelligence & Security Institute (BISI). Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  3. ↑ Treene, Alayna; Nilsen, Ella; Maher, Kit (November 11, 2024). "Trump picks GOP former congressman Lee Zeldin to lead the EPA". CNN. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  4. ↑ "Trump taps attorney James Payne as interim head of EPA". subscriber.politicopro.com. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  5. ↑ Moore, Daniel (January 29, 2025). "Senate confirms Lee Zeldin to lead EPA". Axios. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  6. ↑ "Trump taps oil executive Chris Wright as Energy secretary". Politico. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  7. ↑ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 119th Congress - 1st Session". www.senate.gov. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  8. ↑ Friedman, Lisa; Davenport, Coral; Swan, Jonathan; Haberman, Maggie (May 9, 2024). "At a Dinner, Trump Assailed Climate Rules and Asked $1 Billion From Big Oil". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 9, 2024. Retrieved November 10, 2024.
  9. 1 2 3 Gelles, David (May 19, 2025). "The U.S. Under Trump: Alone in Its Climate Denial". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 19, 2025.
  10. ↑ Davenport, Coral; Friedman, Lisa (November 8, 2024). "With Ready Orders and an Energy Czar, Trump Plots Pivot to Fossil Fuels". The New York Times. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  11. ↑ 90 FR 8353
  12. ↑ Congressional Research Service (April 9, 2025). "Council on Environmental Quality Rescinds NEPA Regulations: Legal and Policy Considerations" (PDF). congress.gov.
  13. ↑ Friedman, Lisa; Tabuchi, Hiroko; Davenport, Coral (January 25, 2025). "Trump Stocks E.P.A. With Oil, Gas and Chemical Lobbyists". The New York Times. Retrieved January 26, 2025.
  14. ↑ Lakhani, Nina (August 5, 2025). "First-of-a-kind US class-action lawsuit would force EPA to reinstate $3bn climate program". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved July 29, 2026.
  15. ↑ Alfred, Mark (July 22, 2026). "EPA Must Fund Environmental Grants It Illegally Canceled, Judge Rules". NOTUS. Retrieved July 29, 2026.
  16. ↑ Dalban, Lauren. "EPA ordered—again—to release $2.8 billion in climate justice funds". Mother Jones. Retrieved July 29, 2026.
  17. ↑ "EPA Launches Biggest Deregulatory Action in U.S. History". EPA.gov (Press release). March 12, 2025.
  18. ↑ Friedman, Lisa (October 17, 2025). "The Government Is Shut Down. But Not for Fossil Fuels". The New York Times.
  19. ↑ Kolodny, Lora (June 16, 2026). "DOJ assists Musk's xAI in NAACP air pollution suit, asks court to toss case". CNBC. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
  20. ↑ Morath, Sarah J. (August 3, 2026). "Trump administration moves to block public from enforcing environmental protection laws". The Conversation. Retrieved August 5, 2026.
  21. ↑ Frazen, Rachael; Budryk, Zack (January 22, 2025). "White House narrows executive order restricting IRA funds". The Hill. Retrieved January 26, 2025. Trump has frequently falsely conflated Biden-era climate policies with the 'Green New Deal,' an ambitious suite of energy and environmental legislation supported by lawmakers including Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.) and Sen. Ed Markey (D-Mass.).
  22. ↑ De Chant, Tim (March 13, 2025). "FBI, EPA, and Treasury told Citibank to freeze funds as Trump administration tries to claw back climate money". TechCrunch. Retrieved March 27, 2025.
  23. ↑ "Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Protects American Energy from State Overreach". The White House. April 8, 2025.
  24. ↑ "Trump issues order to block state climate change policies". Reuters. April 9, 2025.
  25. ↑ Plumer, Brad; Dzombak, Rebecca (April 28, 2025). "All Authors Working on Flagship U.S. Climate Report Are Dismissed". The New York Times. Retrieved August 3, 2025.
  26. ↑ "Secretary Rollins Opens Next Step in the Roadless Rule Rescission". usda.gov (Press release). August 27, 2025.
  27. ↑ "Justice Department Files Complaints Against Hawaii, Michigan, New York and Vermont Over Unconstitutional State Climate Actions". justice.gov (Press release). May 1, 2025. Archived from the original on May 1, 2025.
  28. ↑ Zraick, Karen (April 16, 2026). "Court Rejects Trump Administration Climate Lawsuit Against Hawaii". The New York Times.
  29. ↑ "AG Ellison sues ExxonMobil, Koch Industries & American Petroleum Institute for deceiving, defrauding Minnesotans about climate change". ag.state.mn.us (Press release). June 24, 2020. Archived from the original on June 25, 2020.
  30. ↑ Zraick, Karen (May 4, 2026). "Trump Administration Sues Minnesota to Block Climate Lawsuit". The New York Times.
  31. ↑ Raymond, Nate (May 4, 2026). "US Justice Dept sues to block Minnesota's climate change lawsuit". Reuters.
  32. ↑ "The Department of the Interior Moves to Restore Coal Industry". United States Department of the Interior. April 8, 2025.
  33. ↑ Plumer, Brad; Friedman, Lisa (September 29, 2025). "'Mine, Baby, Mine': Trump Officials Offer $625 Million to Rescue Coal". The New York Times.
  34. ↑ Gelles, David (October 16, 2025). "Subsidizing Fossil Fuels, but Not Clean Energy". The New York Times.
  35. ↑ 90 FR 15517
  36. ↑ "Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Reinvigorates America's Beautiful Clean Coal Industry". whitehouse.gov. April 8, 2025.
  37. ↑ Office of the Press Secretary (February 11, 2026). "Strengthening United States National Defense with America's Beautiful Clean Coal Power Generation Fleet". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved February 18, 2026.
  38. ↑ "Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Reinvigorates the Nuclear Industrial Base". whitehouse.gov. May 23, 2025.
  39. ↑ Plumer, Brad (May 23, 2025). "Trump Orders Faster Build-Out of Nuclear Power Plants". The New York Times.
  40. ↑ Friedman, Lisa; Davenport, Coral; Plumer, Brad (January 21, 2025). "Trump Wants to Unleash Energy, as Long as It's Not Wind or Solar". The New York Times.
  41. ↑ Groom, Nichola (August 27, 2025). "A timeline of Trump's moves to dismantle the US wind and solar energy industries". Reuters.
  42. ↑ "Remarks: Donald Trump Leads a Cabinet Meeting at the White House - August 26, 2025". rollcall.com. August 26, 2025. we call it clean coal. We don't call it coal. We call it clean, even very clean coal. But we have coal going up. We have nuclear going up. Nuclear is very much in vogue now. It's safe and inexpensive and great. We don't allow windmills. (...) We're not allowing any windmills to go up. I mean, unless there's a legal situation where somebody committed to it a long time ago, we don't allow windmills and we don't want the solar panels that I was speaking with the secretary about, because they take up, you know, thousands of acres of our farmland. (...) windmills, we're just not going to allow them. They ruin our -- they're ruining our country (...) It's because of wind. They want to do everything -- close up the north -- the northern parts of the country. They have oil; it's tremendous and they closed it up and they've been -- I tell them, you're my friends, but man, you're going to have a bad awakening very soon. You're going to -- it's going to be very bad. (...) They're ugly, they don't work, they kill your birds, they're bad for the environment. And if you look at them from a house, your house is worth less than 50 percent. So I'm trying to have people learn about wind real fast and I think I've done a good job, but not good enough because some countries are still trying and they're destroying themselves. (...) I hope they get back to fossil fuel. Because right now, Chris, whether we like it or not, fossil fuel is the thing that works and then you can add nuclear with it and other things. But fossil fuel is what works if we're going to fire up those big monster factories.
  43. ↑ Trump, Donald J. (August 20, 2025). "Truth Details". Truth Social. Any State that has built and relied on WINDMILLS and SOLAR for power are seeing RECORD BREAKING INCREASES IN ELECTRICITY AND ENERGY COSTS. THE SCAM OF THE CENTURY! We will not approve wind or farmer destroying Solar. The days of stupidity are over in the USA!!! MAGA
  44. ↑ "Department of the Interior Curbs Preferential Treatment for Wind Energy". doi.gov (Press release). August 29, 2025.
  45. ↑ "Interior Ends Preferential Treatment for Unreliable, Subsidy-Dependent Wind and Solar Energy". doi.gov (Press release). July 17, 2025.
  46. ↑ "Secretary Burgum Announces Order to Rein In Environmentally Damaging Wind and Solar Projects". doi.gov (Press release). August 1, 2025.
  47. ↑ Magill, Bobby (August 26, 2025). "Trump's Halt of Wind Farms Shows Scope of Anti-Renewables Effort". Bloomberg Law.
  48. ↑ 90 FR 8363
  49. ↑ "Temporary Withdrawal of All Areas on the Outer Continental Shelf from Offshore Wind Leasing and Review of the Federal Government's Leasing and Permitting Practices for Wind Projects". The White House. January 20, 2025.
  50. ↑ "President Trump is Unleashing American Energy". whitehouse.gov. March 4, 2025.
  51. ↑ Plumer, Brad (August 29, 2025). "Transportation Dept. Cancels $679 Million for Offshore Wind Projects". The New York Times.
  52. ↑ O'Malley, Isabella (August 23, 2025). "Trump halts work on New England offshore wind project that's nearly complete". AP News.
  53. ↑ McDermott, Jennifer (April 16, 2025). "Trump administration issues order to stop construction on New York offshore wind project". AP News.
  54. ↑ "Interior Department Moves to Cancel Reckless Biden-era Approval of Lava Ridge Wind Project". doi.gov (Press release). August 1, 2025.
  55. ↑ Joselow, Maxine; Friedman, Lisa (November 1, 2025). "E.P.A. Retreats From Plans to End the Energy Star Program". The New York Times.
  56. ↑ Shen Tsai, Jia (December 11, 2025). "America's fading carbon advantage: The wake-up call from COP30". Niskanen Center. Retrieved December 12, 2025.
  57. ↑ Stevens, Harry (August 8, 2025). "Popular E.P.A. Database Is in Limbo Amid Science Cuts". The New York Times.
  58. ↑ "EPA Releases Proposal to End the Burdensome, Costly Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program, Saving up to $2.4 Billion". EPA.gov. September 12, 2025.
  59. ↑ "Reconsideration of the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program". Federal Register. September 16, 2025.
  60. ↑ Lerner, Sharon (April 10, 2025). "Trump's EPA Plans to Stop Collecting Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data From Most Polluters". ProPublica.
  61. ↑ "Clean Air Act Section 112 Presidential Exemption Information". epa.gov (Press release). March 24, 2025.
  62. ↑ Daly, Matthew (March 27, 2025). "EPA offers industrial polluters a way to avoid rules on mercury, arsenic and other toxic chemicals". AP News.
  63. ↑ Frazin, Rachel (July 18, 2025). "Trump exempts more than 100 polluters from environmental standards". The Hill. Retrieved July 20, 2025.
  64. ↑ "Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Grants Regulatory Relief from Burdensome EPA Restrictions to Promote American Security". whitehouse.gov. July 17, 2025.
  65. ↑ Frazin, Rachel (November 24, 2025). "Trump exempts coal used in steelmaking from Clean Air Act rule". thehill.com. Archived from the original on November 24, 2025.
  66. ↑ "White House Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Grants Regulatory Relief from Burdensome EPA Restrictions to Promote American Copper Security". The American Presidency Project.
  67. ↑ Daly, Matthew (July 29, 2025). "Trump EPA moves to repeal landmark 'endangerment finding' that allows climate regulation". The Associated Press. Retrieved August 3, 2025.
  68. ↑ Joselow, Maxine; Plumer, Brad (July 31, 2025). "Energy Dept. Attacks Climate Science in Contentious Report". The New York Times.
  69. ↑ "Waters of the United States". EPA.gov. May 5, 2017.
  70. ↑ Joselow, Maxine (November 17, 2025). "E.P.A. Rule Would Drastically Curb Protections for Wetlands". The New York Times.
  71. ↑ "EPA Announces It Will Keep Maximum Contaminant Levels for PFOA, PFOS". EPA.gov. May 14, 2025.
  72. ↑ Clark, Anna (July 2, 2025). "Trump's First EPA Promised to Crack Down on Forever Chemicals. His Second EPA Is Pulling Back". ProPublica.
  73. ↑ Scott, Dylan (July 29, 2025). "Is MAHA losing its battle to make Americans healthier?". Vox.com.
  74. ↑ Joselow, Maxine; Stevens, Harry (August 8, 2025). "Civil Cases Against Major Polluters Plummet Under Trump". The New York Times.
  75. ↑ "National Environmental Policy Act Implementing Regulations". Federal Register. July 3, 2025.
  76. ↑ "EPA Proposes Reforming Biden Technology Transitions Rule to Lower Costs for American Families at the Grocery Store, Make Refrigerants Affordable, Safe and Accessible Again". EPA.gov. September 30, 2025.
  77. ↑ 90 FR 47999
  78. ↑ "Fact Sheet" (PDF). EPA.gov. September 2025.
  79. ↑ Friedman, Lisa (September 30, 2025). "Trump Administration Moves to Relax Rules on Climate Super Pollutants". The New York Times.
  80. ↑ Daly, Matthew (November 7, 2025). "Trump administration moves to loosen restrictions it once supported on a harmful pollutant". AP News.
  81. ↑ Honoré, Marcel (April 18, 2025). "Trump Lifts Commercial Fishing Ban In Central Pacific Protected Area". Honolulu Civil Beat.
  82. ↑ "White House Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Unleashes American Commercial Fishing in the Pacific". The American Presidency Project. April 17, 2025.
  83. ↑ Proclamation 10918: 90 FR 16987
  84. ↑ Whittle, Patrick (February 6, 2026). "Trump ends Obama-era restrictions on commercial fishing in protected area off New England". AP News.
  85. ↑ "White House Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Unleashes Commercial Fishing in the Atlantic". The American Presidency Project. February 6, 2026.
  86. ↑ Proclamation 11009: 91 FR 6489
  87. ↑ Honoré, Marcel (June 11, 2026). "Trump Reopens Protected Hawaiian Waters To Commercial Fishing". Honolulu Civil Beat.
  88. ↑ "White House Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Restores American Commercial Fishing in the Pacific". The American Presidency Project. June 11, 2026.
  89. ↑ Proclamation 11035: 91 FR 36741
  90. ↑ Schick, Tony (June 13, 2025). "Trump Administration Abandons Deal With Northwest Tribes to Restore Salmon". ProPublica.
  91. ↑ "Memorandum on Stopping Radical Environmentalism To Generate Power for the Columbia River Basin". The American Presidency Project.
  92. ↑ "Interior Takes Bold Steps to Expand Energy, Local Control and Land Access in Alaska". United States Department of the Interior (Press release). October 23, 2025.
  93. ↑ Joselow, Maxine (October 23, 2025). "Trump Opens Pristine Alaska Wilderness to Drilling in Long-Running Feud". The New York Times.
  94. ↑ "Rescission of the Management and Protection of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Regulations, Issued May 7, 2024". Federal Register. November 17, 2025.
  95. ↑ Meek, Mariah (June 30, 2025). "What's at risk for Arctic wildlife as Trump expands oil drilling access in the fragile National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska". The Conversation (website).
  96. ↑ "Programs: Energy and Minerals: Oil and Gas: Leasing: Regional Lease Sales: Alaska". Bureau of Land Management.
  97. ↑ "Decision of the President and Statement of Reasons". Federal Register. October 8, 2025.
  98. ↑ "Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Approves Ambler Road Project to Unlock Alaska's Mineral Potential". whitehouse.gov. October 6, 2025.
  99. ↑ Daly, Matthew (October 6, 2025). "Trump approves Alaska mining road to boost copper, zinc production". AP News.
  100. ↑ "Department of the Interior Announces Expansion of Hunting and Fishing Opportunities". United States Department of the Interior. May 2, 2025.
  101. ↑ Heuer, Mike (August 28, 2025). "Hunting and fishing access expanded at U.S. refuges and hatcheries". via Yahoo News. United Press International.
  102. ↑ 90 FR 41900
  103. ↑ "Administration Revises Endangered Species Act Regulations to Strengthen Certainty, Reduce Burdens and Uphold the Law". United States Fish and Wildlife Service. November 19, 2025.
  104. ↑ Joselow, Maxine; Einhorn, Catrin (November 19, 2025). "Trump Moves to Weaken the Endangered Species Act". The New York Times.
  105. ↑ "Interior Proposes to Rescind Public Lands Rule, Restoring Balanced, Multiple-Use Management". United States Department of the Interior. September 10, 2025.
  106. ↑ Brown, Matthew (September 10, 2025). "Trump administration wants to cancel Biden-era rule that made conservation a 'use' of public land". AP News.
  107. ↑ "Interior Launches Expansive 11th National Offshore Leasing Program to Advance U.S. Energy Dominance". United States Department of the Interior. November 20, 2025. The proposal includes as many as 34 potential offshore lease sales across 21 of 27 existing Outer Continental Shelf planning areas, covering approximately 1.27 billion acres. That includes 21 areas off the coast of Alaska, seven in the Gulf of America, and six along the Pacific coast. The proposal also includes the Secretary's decision to create a new administrative planning area, the South-Central Gulf of America.
  108. ↑ Joselow, Maxine; Friedman, Lisa (November 20, 2025). "Trump Plans to Open More Than a Billion Acres of U.S. Waters to Drilling". The New York Times.
  109. ↑ Bikales, James (November 20, 2025). "Trump administration proposes opening waters off California and Florida to oil drilling". Politico.
  110. ↑ Joselow, Maxine (October 31, 2025). "He Alone Tracked Leaky Oil Wells in National Parks. He Was Let Go". The New York Times.
  111. ↑ Perkins, Tom (March 30, 2026). "Trump to revoke protections for endangered species in Gulf of Mexico". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved March 30, 2026.
  112. ↑ Sengupta, Somini; Friedman, Lisa (September 23, 2025). "Trump to World: Green Energy Is a Scam and Climate Science Is From 'Stupid People'". The New York Times.
  113. ↑ Bearak, Max; Sengupta, Somini (September 24, 2025). "At Global Climate Summit This Week, U.S. Isolation Was on Full Display". The New York Times.
  114. ↑ Friedman, Lisa (August 27, 2025). "Trump, With Tariffs and Threats, Tries to Strong-Arm Nations to Retreat on Climate Goals". The New York Times.
  115. ↑ Le Poidevin, Olivia; Volcovici, Valerie (August 6, 2025). "Exclusive: Trump administration memo urges countries to reject plastic production caps in UN Treaty". Reuters.
  116. ↑ "Joint Statement on Protecting American Consumers and Shipping Industries by Defeating the International Maritime Organization's "Net-Zero Framework" aka Global Carbon Tax". Energy.gov. August 13, 2025. We will fight hard to protect the American people and their economic interests. Our fellow IMO members should be on notice that we will look for their support against this action and not hesitate to retaliate or explore remedies for our citizens should this endeavor fail.
  117. ↑ Bearak, Max (September 10, 2025). "Climate 'Ideology' Hurts Prosperity, Top U.S. Officials Tell Europeans". The New York Times.
  118. ↑ Friedman, Lisa; Bearak, Max; Smialek, Jeanna (November 6, 2025). "Trump Officials Accused of Bullying Tactics to Kill a Climate Measure". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  119. ↑ Bearak, Max (January 20, 2025). "Trump Orders U.S. Exit From the Paris Agreement on Climate". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  120. ↑ Acosta, Jim; Liptak, Kevin (June 1, 2017). "Trump on Paris accord: 'We're getting out'". CNN. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  121. ↑ "U.S. Withdrawal from the Paris Agreement: Process and Potential Effects". www.congress.gov. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  122. ↑ "Rubio eliminates office that oversees climate talks". Politico. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  123. ↑ Staff, Carbon Brief (November 11, 2025). "Analysis: Which countries have sent the most delegates to COP30?". Carbon Brief. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  124. ↑ "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change – New York, 9 May 1992 – United States of America: Withdrawal" (PDF). United Nations. February 27, 2026. Retrieved February 28, 2026.
  125. ↑ "'Alligator Alcatraz' Ruling Opens Environmental Review Loophole". April 27, 2026. Archived from the original on May 17, 2026. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
  126. ↑ Adler, Jonathan H. (October 18, 2025). "District Court Dismisses Another Kids Climate Suit, As Existing Law Requires (Updated)". Reason.com. Retrieved July 28, 2026.
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