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Kaohsiung Main Station

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kaohsiung

高雄
Taiwan Railway
Chinese name
Chinese高雄
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGāoxióng
Bopomofoㄍㄠ ㄒㄩㄥˊ
Hakka
Romanization
Southern Min
Tâi-lôKo-hiông
General information
Location318 Jianguo 2nd Rd
Sanmin District, Kaohsiung[1]
Taiwan
Coordinates22°38′23″N 120°18′08″E / 22.6396°N 120.3021°E / 22.6396; 120.3021[1]
SystemTaiwan Railway railway station
Lines
Distance399.8 km to Keelung via Taichung[2]
Connections
Construction
Structure type
Underground
ArchitectMecanoo
Other information
Station code
  • 185 (three-digit)[1]
  • 1238 (four-digit)[1]
  • A92 (statistical)[3]
ClassificationSpecial class (Chinese: 特等)[4]
Websitewww.railway.gov.tw/kaohsiung/ (in Chinese)
History
Opened22 June 1941; 85 years ago (1941-06-22)
Rebuilt2002, 2025
Electrified29 June 1979; 47 years ago (1979-06-29)[5]
Former names
Key dates
29 November 1900Predecessor station opened[6][7]
June 1941Station moved to current site
2002Interim station enters service
14 October 2018Services moved to underground tracks
4 July 2025Completion of current station
Passengers
201714.196 million per year[3] Decrease 2.19%
Rank8 out of 228
Services
Preceding station Taiwan Railway Taiwan Railway Following station
Sankuaicuo
towards Keelung
 Western Trunk line through to Western Trunk line (Pingtung)
through to Western Trunk line Western Trunk line (Pingtung) Minzu
towards Fangliao
Location
Kaohsiung is located in Taiwan
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Location within Taiwan
Kaohsiung Main Station

R11 高雄車站
Platform
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese高雄車站
Simplified Chinese高雄车站
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGāoxióng Chēzhàn
Bopomofoㄍㄠ ㄒㄩㄥˊ ㄔㄜ ㄓㄢˋ
General information
LocationB3F 320 Jianguo 2nd Rd
Sanmin District, Kaohsiung
Taiwan
SystemKaohsiung metro station
Line
  Red line
Platforms1 island platform
Tracks2
Construction
Structure type
Underground
Other information
Station codeR11
Websitewww.krtco.com.tw/en/guide_r11.aspx
History
Opened7 April 2008; 18 years ago (2008-04-07)[8]
Rebuilt5 September 2018; 8 years ago (2018-09-05)
Passengers
201710.772 million per year[9]
Rank2 out of 37
Services
Preceding station Kaohsiung Metro Following station
Houyi
towards Gangshan
 Red line Formosa Boulevard
towards Siaogang
Location
Map

Kaohsiung Main Station (Chinese: 高雄車站; pinyin: Gāoxióng chēzhàn) is a railway and metro station in Sanmin District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan served by the Taiwan Railway and Kaohsiung Rapid Transit. It is one of four special class stations, the highest class with the most services.

The station first opened 1941 as a ground-level station. An interim station operated between 2002 and 2018 before services were moved underground. The current station was built between 2011 and 2025.

History

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The main railway station serving Kaohsiung, formerly known as Takau (Chinese: 打狗) and Takao (高雄), was located at Hamasen. It opened in 1900 and served trains to Tainan. The Fengshan (then Hōzan (Japanese: 鳳山)) line opened in 1907. The station at the current site was built between 1933 and 1941.

Around the turn of the millennium, it was decided that the railway was to be moved underground within Kaohsiung.[10]: 137–139  Station functions were transferred to temporary station buildings in 2002 ahead of the works.[10]: 140  Skidmore, Owings & Merrill was invited to design the new station; their proposal featured a monumental canopy with three spans totalling 432 metres (1,417 ft) in length and reaching 42 metres (138 ft) above ground, as well as attached buildings of up to 90 floors. The proposal failed to gain consensus due to the Taiwan Railway Administration and the city each balking at the maintenance costs for the canopy.[10]: 141–144  The Ministry of Transportation and Communications then commissioned a significantly more modest design from Pacific Engineers & Constructors who had been working on detailed design for the earlier proposal. This stripped-down plan in turn received objections from citizen groups.[10]: 144–145  In response, Pacific Engineers & Constructors invited Mecanoo who produced the final design starring a sprawling canopy surmounted by vegetated landscaping and paths for pedestrians and cyclists.[10]: 146–148 [11] The southern half of the new underground station including the platforms entered service on 14 October 2018. The northern half and the rooftop spaces followed on 28 December 2024.[10]: 149 

A temporary metro station was also used between 2008 and 2018.[10]: 140,149 

The rebuilt station was designed to accommodate the proposed extension of Taiwan High Speed Rail. However, on 27 September 2019, the Pingtung extension was confirmed to bypass central Kaohsiung.[12] In December 2024 the plan was changed again so the extension will serve Kaohsiung main station.[13]

TRA railway

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1941 station building

The TRA portion is a three-level underground railway station with two island platforms.[14][15] The 1941 station building is planned to be moved back to the original position for display.

The TRA railway in Kaohsiung also serves as a commuter rail. Nevertheless, the railway in Kaohsiung only has the capacity of double-track, making it difficult to allow many[quantify] such shuttle trains as EMU800 for domestic transportation to run through at once.[16]

Metro

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The rapid transit station is a two-level, underground station with one entrance.[17] It is located at Jianguo 2nd Road. On 5 September 2018, it was relocated 100 metres north, making it the first metro station in Taiwan to be relocated. The new platforms are lengthened to allow for six carriages up from three. The former concourse and platforms are closed and reserved for emergency use.

KMRT Station

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Old railway map of Kaohsiung
Former metro entrance
Former concourse
Taiwan Railway Administration (TRA)
Western line
Pingtung line
Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit
Red line

High-speed rail

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There was originally a plan for the HSR tracks to be constructed underground from Zuoying HSR station to this station together with the planning of the TRA tracks being moved underground. However, due to the fact that the construction of the HSR extension would be at a relatively high cost, it was decided to only begin moving the TRA in Kaohsiung underground, and the HSR would terminate at Zuoying. Even though no space was reserved for the HSR during construction of the TRA underground project, space has still been reserved at Kaohsiung Main Station to set up HSR platforms.

Health concerns

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A team from NSYSU examined air quality in Kaohsiung main station on early October 2019 and found that the PM2.5 was 17 times higher than that of standard, putting passengers and workers at risk of getting lung disease.[18] Trains equipped with diesel engine that run through South-Link Line, which was unelectrified at the time, were to blame.[18] The line has since been electrified.[19]

Around the station

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See also

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References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 "車站基本資料集". Taiwan Railways Administration. Archived from the original on 27 October 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
  2. ↑ 各站營業里程-1.西部幹線. Taiwan Railways Administration (in Chinese). 11 December 2008. Archived from the original on 29 August 2018. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
  3. 1 2 臺鐵統計資訊. Taiwan Railways Administration (in Chinese). 2002. Archived from the original on 30 August 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
  4. ↑ 車站數-按等級別分 (PDF). Taiwan Railways Administration (in Chinese). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
  5. ↑ 臺灣鐵路電訊. Taiwan Railways Administration (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 4 September 2018. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  6. ↑ 高雄港站前世今生. Taiwan Railways Administration (in Chinese). 11 December 2008. Archived from the original on 4 September 2018. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  7. ↑ 車站簡介. Taiwan Railways Administration (in Chinese). 11 December 2008. Archived from the original on 1 September 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
  8. ↑ 捷運計畫 - 紅橘線路網 - 興建暨施工期程. Mass Rapid Transit Bureau, Kaohsiung City (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 18 July 2018. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
  9. ↑ 統計資料預告發布及背景說明. Accounting and Statistics Office, Kaohsiung City (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 15 November 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 謝明勳. "高雄新車站建設歷程" [Construction timeline of the new station of Kaohsiung] (PDF). Kaohsiung Historiography (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 15 (1). Kaohsiung Museum of History: 137–151. ISSN 1727-4435.
  11. ↑ "Kaohsiung Station". Mecanoo.
  12. ↑ "Taiwan's Pingtung high-speed rail line ..." Taiwan News. 27 September 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
  13. ↑ "Altered HSR extension plan to require new environmental assessment - Focus Taiwan". 28 December 2024.
  14. ↑ 交通部鐵路改建工程局－歡迎頁. www.rrb.gov.tw (in Chinese). 25 April 2008. Archived from the original on 1 September 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  15. ↑ 高雄市政府捷運工程局網頁. mtbu.kcg.gov.tw (in Chinese). 8 August 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  16. ↑ 陳文嬋 (2018-10-17). "台鐵高雄區間車比台中少2成5 地方要求提高運輸效率 - 生活". 自由時報電子報 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2018-12-08.
  17. ↑ "高雄車站". 高雄捷運公司. Archived from the original on 2010-07-04. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
  18. 1 2 徐如宜、蔡容喬、王慧瑛 (2019-11-03). "乘客掩鼻站務員喊苦…柴油車進高雄站 空汙超標17倍". 聯合新聞網 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2019-11-08. Retrieved 2019-11-05.
  19. ↑ 高贈智; 黃鳳岡; 劉雲生; 李怡德; 李民政 (September 2021). "環島鐵路電氣化最後一哩路～南迴線鐵路電氣化工程" (PDF). Sino-Geotechnics (in Chinese (Taiwan)) (169). 地工技術研究發展基金會: 125. ISSN 1023-0327.
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