The stratabound Zn-Pb sulfide ores of Vindfall, 10 km SE of Sandviken (thus probably in Gävle municipality), occur in a series of Precambrian metavolcanic rocks hosted by skarns.
The deposit consists of a large number of more or less discontinuous ore lenses.

Note: Coordinates are based on Fig. 1 (location of "ore boulders") in Kieft and Eriksson (1984).

The mineralogy was studied by Kieft and Eriksson (1984) using drill cores.
Major ore minerals are sphalerite, galena, pyrite, magnetite and chalcopyrite; the most important Ag minerals are native silver and Ag-bearing tetrahedrite. A primary chemical zonation is mainly characterised by the regional separation of Bi and Sb, both present as minor elements in galena and as Bi- and Sb-bearing minerals.
Retrograde metamorphism of high-grade clinopyroxene skarns resulted in the widespread formation of tremolite- and chlorite-bearing rocks. The ores reacted to this retrogression by recrystallisation, Fe-depletion of sphalerite and simultaneous formation of magnetite. Several stages of Fe-depletion, well demonstrated by discolouration of the original brown-coloured sphalerite, starting along polygonal cracks, indicate a gradual transformation of Fe-rich sphalerite into recrystallised, nearly iron-free sphalerite. Remobilisation is supposed to be responsible for the formation of local Ag- and Bi-rich ores in a final post-retrograde stage.

Notes on the mineral list:
- "(Para)costibite" is mentioned which probably means the authors could not decide whether paracostibite or costibite is present, or both.
- An "undefined Sb-bearing sulfotelluride" is mentioned without further details.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

37 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ 'Chlorite schist'

ⓘ 'Dolerite'

ⓘ Skarn

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Acanthite

Formula: Ag₂S

References:

Kieft, Kees, Eriksson, Gunnar (1984) Regional zoning and metamorphic evolution of the Vindfall Pb-Zn ore, east central Sweden. Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 106 (4) 305-317 doi:10.1080/11035898509454655

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

ⓘ Albite var. Andesine

Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]

References:

ⓘ Annivite-(Zn)

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Bi₄S₁₂S

References:

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

References:

ⓘ Bornite

Formula: Cu₅FeS₄

References:

ⓘ Bournonite

Formula: PbCuSbS₃

References:

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

ⓘ Chalcocite

Formula: Cu₂S

References:

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

ⓘ Clinohumite

Formula: Mg₉(SiO₄)₄F₂

References:

ⓘ Costibite

Formula: CoSbS

References:

ⓘ Covellite

Formula: CuS

ⓘ Cubanite

Formula: CuFe₂S₃

References:

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

References:

ⓘ 'Diopside-Hedenbergite Series'

References:

ⓘ Dyscrasite

Formula: Ag₃Sb

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

References:

ⓘ 'Freibergite Subgroup'

Formula: (Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1

References:

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

ⓘ 'Garnet Group'

Formula: X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

ⓘ Hessite

Formula: Ag₂Te

References:

ⓘ Mackinawite

Formula: FeS

References:

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

ⓘ Marcasite

Formula: FeS₂

ⓘ Mckinstryite

Formula: Ag_5-xCu_3+xS₄

References:

ⓘ Molybdenite

Formula: MoS₂

References:

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Native Antimony

Formula: Sb

References:

ⓘ Native Bismuth

Formula: Bi

References:

ⓘ Native Silver

Formula: Ag

References:

ⓘ Paracostibite

Formula: CoSbS

References:

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

References:

ⓘ Polybasite ?

Formula: [Ag₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'

Formula: D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄

References:

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S

References:

ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Bismuth-bearing Tetrahedrite'

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄(Fe/Zn)₂)(Sb,Bi)₄S₁₂S

References:

ⓘ Tremolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Wittichenite

Formula: Cu₃BiS₃

References:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Silver	1.AA.05	Ag
ⓘ	Native Antimony	1.CA.05	Sb
ⓘ	Native Bismuth	1.CA.05	Bi
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Dyscrasite	2.AA.35	Ag₃Sb
ⓘ	Chalcocite	2.BA.05	Cu₂S
ⓘ	Bornite	2.BA.15	Cu₅FeS₄
ⓘ	Acanthite	2.BA.35	Ag₂S
ⓘ	Mckinstryite	2.BA.40	Ag_5-xCu_3+xS₄
ⓘ	Hessite	2.BA.60	Ag₂Te
ⓘ	Covellite	2.CA.05a	CuS
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Cubanite	2.CB.55a	CuFe₂S₃
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Mackinawite	2.CC.25	FeS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Molybdenite	2.EA.30	MoS₂
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Marcasite	2.EB.10a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Costibite	2.EB.10d	CoSbS
ⓘ	Paracostibite	2.EB.10e	CoSbS
ⓘ	Arsenopyrite	2.EB.20	FeAsS
ⓘ	Wittichenite	2.GA.20	Cu₃BiS₃
ⓘ	Bournonite	2.GA.50	PbCuSbS₃
ⓘ	Annivite-(Zn)	2.GB.	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Bi₄S₁₂S
ⓘ	'Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Bismuth-bearing Tetrahedrite'	2.GB.05	Cu₆(Cu₄(Fe/Zn)₂)(Sb,Bi)₄S₁₂S
ⓘ	'Freibergite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	(Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1
ⓘ	'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
ⓘ	Polybasite ?	2.GB.15	[Ag₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Clinohumite	9.AF.55	Mg₉(SiO₄)₄F₂
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Tremolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	var. Andesine	9.FA.35	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Diopside-Hedenbergite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
ⓘ	'Garnet Group'	-	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	'Serpentine Subgroup'	-	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Clinohumite	Mg₉(SiO₄)₄F₂
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Diopside-Hedenbergite Series
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Clinohumite	Mg₉(SiO₄)₄F₂
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Clinohumite	Mg₉(SiO₄)₄F₂
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Diopside-Hedenbergite Series
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Clinohumite	Mg₉(SiO₄)₄F₂
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Diopside-Hedenbergite Series
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Acanthite	Ag₂S
S	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Bismuth-bearing Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄(Fe/Zn)₂)(Sb,Bi)₄S₁₂S
S	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
S	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
S	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
S	ⓘ Costibite	CoSbS
S	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
S	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃
S	ⓘ Freibergite Subgroup	(Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Mackinawite	FeS
S	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Mckinstryite	Ag_5-xCu_3+xS₄
S	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
S	ⓘ Paracostibite	CoSbS
S	ⓘ Polybasite	[Ag₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
S	ⓘ Wittichenite	Cu₃BiS₃
S	ⓘ Annivite-(Zn)	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Bi₄S₁₂S
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Diopside-Hedenbergite Series
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Bismuth-bearing Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄(Fe/Zn)₂)(Sb,Bi)₄S₁₂S
Fe	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Fe	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Mackinawite	FeS
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Diopside-Hedenbergite Series
Co	Cobalt
Co	ⓘ Costibite	CoSbS
Co	ⓘ Paracostibite	CoSbS
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Bismuth-bearing Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄(Fe/Zn)₂)(Sb,Bi)₄S₁₂S
Cu	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Cu	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
Cu	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
Cu	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃
Cu	ⓘ Freibergite Subgroup	(Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1
Cu	ⓘ Mckinstryite	Ag_5-xCu_3+xS₄
Cu	ⓘ Polybasite	[Ag₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]
Cu	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Cu	ⓘ Wittichenite	Cu₃BiS₃
Cu	ⓘ Annivite-(Zn)	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Bi₄S₁₂S
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Bismuth-bearing Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄(Fe/Zn)₂)(Sb,Bi)₄S₁₂S
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Zn	ⓘ Annivite-(Zn)	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Bi₄S₁₂S
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Mo	Molybdenum
Mo	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Acanthite	Ag₂S
Ag	ⓘ Dyscrasite	Ag₃Sb
Ag	ⓘ Freibergite Subgroup	(Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1
Ag	ⓘ Hessite	Ag₂Te
Ag	ⓘ Mckinstryite	Ag_5-xCu_3+xS₄
Ag	ⓘ Polybasite	[Ag₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]
Ag	ⓘ Native Silver	Ag
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Bismuth-bearing Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄(Fe/Zn)₂)(Sb,Bi)₄S₁₂S
Sb	ⓘ Native Antimony	Sb
Sb	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
Sb	ⓘ Costibite	CoSbS
Sb	ⓘ Dyscrasite	Ag₃Sb
Sb	ⓘ Freibergite Subgroup	(Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1
Sb	ⓘ Paracostibite	CoSbS
Sb	ⓘ Polybasite	[Ag₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]
Sb	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Te	Tellurium
Te	ⓘ Hessite	Ag₂Te
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Bi	Bismuth
Bi	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Bismuth-bearing Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄(Fe/Zn)₂)(Sb,Bi)₄S₁₂S
Bi	ⓘ Native Bismuth	Bi
Bi	ⓘ Wittichenite	Cu₃BiS₃
Bi	ⓘ Annivite-(Zn)	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Bi₄S₁₂S

Localities in this Region

Sweden

Gävleborg County
- Sandviken
  - Vindfall
    - Sörtärna

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Baltic Shield (Fennoscandian Shield)Shield

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

Baltic Shield
- Bergslagen-LivoniaShield

EuropeContinent

ScandinaviaRegion

Sweden

Bergslagen mining districtMining District
⭔Gästrikland ProvinceProvince

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Vindfall, Sandviken, Gävleborg County, SwedeniRegional Level TypesVindfallDeposit SandvikenMunicipality Gävleborg CountyCounty SwedenCountry function showexplain() { $("#locexplain").toggle(); if (typeof movemap === "function") movemap(); } Vindfall, Bergslagen mining district, Sweden

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List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

List of minerals for each chemical element

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References

Vindfall, Sandviken, Gävleborg County, Sweden i
Regional Level Types
Vindfall Deposit
Sandviken Municipality
Gävleborg County County
Sweden Country

Vindfall, Bergslagen mining district, Sweden