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Keketale Pb-Zn deposit, Maizi volcanic-sedimentary basin, Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.), Altay Prefecture (Aletai Prefecture), Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China i
Regional Level Types
Keketale Pb-Zn deposit Deposit
Maizi volcanic-sedimentary basin Basin
Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.) County
Altay Prefecture (Aletai Prefecture) Prefecture
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Prefecture
Xinjiang Autonomous Region
China Country

Regional Level Types
Keketale Pb-Zn deposit	Deposit
Maizi volcanic-sedimentary basin	Basin
Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.)	County
Altay Prefecture (Aletai Prefecture)	Prefecture
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture	Prefecture
Xinjiang	Autonomous Region
China	Country

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

47° 21' 10'' North , 89° 11' 53'' East

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

Type:

Köppen climate type:

Dfb : Warm-summer humid continental climate

Mindat Locality ID:

144272

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:144272:7

GUID (UUID V4):

Other/historical names associated with this locality:

Keketala Pb-Zn deposit; Koktal Pb-Zn deposit; Koktag Pb-Zn deposit

Name(s) in local language(s):

可可塔勒铅锌矿床, 麦兹盆地, 富蕴县, 阿勒泰地区 (ئالتاي ۋىلايىتى), 伊犁哈萨克自治州 (ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستىئىلى قازاق), 新疆维吾尔自治区, 中国

Stratabound volcanic-hosted massive sulphide (VHMS) lead-zinc deposit (consisting of 12 ore bodies), occurring in the south-eastern part of the Maizi volcano-sedimentary basin. The host rocks are mainly composed of biotite quartz schist and granoblastite intercalations with interlayers of diopside marble, garnet epidote marble, meta-tuff, meta- tuffaceous siltstone and meta-siltstone. The protoliths are sedimentary rocks, including calcareous argillaceous sandstone, siliceous rock and iron- bearing carbonate rocks formed in hot water. Meta-volcanic breccia, meta-agglomerate, meta-breccic tuff and meta-felsic lava, as well as meta tuff and mica quartz schist are underlying the host rocks. The Pb-Zn mineralization took place after the felsic eruption in the early stage of the volcanism. The orebodies are stratiform or stratiform-like. The dominant ores occur as disseminations, taxitic and massive, also banded, in breccia or net-veined. Carbonation, sericitization, silicification and disseminated pyrite appear with the mineralization. Epidotization occurs outside the orebodies, and sericitization as well as K feldspar are met in the volcanics below the host rocks.

The Keketale Pb-Zn deposit (KKTL deposit) is the largest VMS-type Pb-Zn deposit in the Chinese Altai of the Altai Mountains. It has about 3 Mt Pb-Zn-Ag resources with 0.89 Mt Pb (@1.51 wt.%), 1.94 Mt Zn (@3.16 wt.%), and 650 t Ag (40 g/t). It was formed in the Early Devonian (∼400 Ma) during syn-ores volcanism under the continental arc/back-arc basin tectonic condition, and was modified in the Middle Permian (∼265 Ma) and secondary mineralization (such as epigenetic polymetallic veins) was produced subsequently. The KKTL deposit comprises 12 orebodies (No. 1 to No. 12), among them, the No. 1 orebody, No. 7 orebody, and No. 9 orebody are three major orebodies. These orebodies are hosted by the second sequence of the Upper Kangbutiebao Formation which is mainly composed of meta-rhyolitic tuff, meta-quartz keratophyre, meta-acidic lava, meta-calcic sandstone, marble, biotite quartz schist, and garnet biotite schist. The ore types are predominated by massive ore, dense disseminated ore together with minor banded/laminated ore, sparse disseminated ore, and vein-type ore.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.

ⓘ Lead

ⓘ Zinc

Mineral List

37 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Actinolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

References:

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

Sun, C., Yang, X., Zhang, H., Ji, W., Chen, B., Dong, Z., ... & Xi, D. (2022). Tracing the formation and modification of the Keketale VMS-type Pb-Zn deposit, Altai Mountains: Insights from ore deposit geology, geochronology, and magnetite geochemistry. Ore Geology Reviews, 144, 104852.

Sun, Chao, Zhang, Huishan, Yang, Xiaoyong, Ji, Wenhua, Chen, Bo, Li, Yanguang, Dong, Zengchan, Faisal, Mohamed, Jin, Mengqi, Zhao, Xiaojian (2023) A tale of elemental accumulation and recycling in the metamorphosed Keketale VMS-type Pb-Zn deposit, Altai Mountains. Geoscience Frontiers, 14 (1) 101481 doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2022.101481

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Almandine

Formula: Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

Chunming Han, Wenjiao Xiao, Guochun Zhao, Jingwen Mao, Sanzhong Li, Zhen Yan, and Qigui Mao (2006): Ore Geology Reviews 28, 308-328

ⓘ Anglesite

Formula: PbSO₄

References:

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

References:

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

References:

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Bornite

Formula: Cu₅FeS₄

References:

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Boulangerite

Formula: Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁

References:

ⓘ Bournonite

Formula: PbCuSbS₃

References:

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

Wang Jingbin, Deng Jiniu, Zhang Jinhong, and Qin Kezhang (1999): Acta Geologica Sinica, English Edition, 73(3), 253-263

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

Wang Jingbin, Deng Jiniu, Zhang Jinhong, and Qin Kezhang (1999): Acta Geologica Sinica, English Edition, 73(3), 253-263

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

Wang Jingbin, Deng Jiniu, Zhang Jinhong, and Qin Kezhang (1999): Acta Geologica Sinica, English Edition, 73(3), 253-263

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

References:

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

References:

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

Wang Jingbin, Deng Jiniu, Zhang Jinhong, and Qin Kezhang (1999): Acta Geologica Sinica, English Edition, 73(3), 253-263

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ 'Garnet Group'

Formula: X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

ⓘ Geocronite

Formula: Pb₁₄Sb₆S₂₃

References:

ⓘ Grossular

Formula: Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

References:

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Z²⁺₄Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂

ⓘ Jordanite

Formula: Pb₁₄As₆S₂₃

References:

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

References:

ⓘ 'Limonite'

References:

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

Chunming Han, Wenjiao Xiao, Guochun Zhao, Jingwen Mao, Sanzhong Li, Zhen Yan, and Qigui Mao (2006): Ore Geology Reviews 28, 308-328

ⓘ Malachite

Formula: Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

References:

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Marcasite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Wang Jingbin, Deng Jiniu, Zhang Jinhong, and Qin Kezhang (1999): Acta Geologica Sinica, English Edition, 73(3), 253-263

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Phlogopite

Formula: KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

Wang Jingbin, Deng Jiniu, Zhang Jinhong, and Qin Kezhang (1999): Acta Geologica Sinica, English Edition, 73(3), 253-263

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Pyrope

Formula: Mg₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

Wang Jingbin, Deng Jiniu, Zhang Jinhong, and Qin Kezhang (1999): Acta Geologica Sinica, English Edition, 73(3), 253-263

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

Wang Jingbin, Deng Jiniu, Zhang Jinhong, and Qin Kezhang (1999): Acta Geologica Sinica, English Edition, 73(3), 253-263

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Seligmannite

Formula: PbCuAsS₃

References:

ⓘ Spessartine

Formula: Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

Wang Jingbin, Deng Jiniu, Zhang Jinhong, and Qin Kezhang (1999): Acta Geologica Sinica, English Edition, 73(3), 253-263

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Stibnite

Formula: Sb₂S₃

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S

References:

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): Geology in China 31(3), 308-314

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTi(SiO₄)O

References:

ⓘ 'Tourmaline'

Formula: AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z

References:

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33

ⓘ Tremolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

References:

Xiping Zhang (2000): Dissertation. Oulu University Press, Oulu (Finland).

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

References:

ⓘ Zoisite

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Bornite	2.BA.15	Cu₅FeS₄
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Stibnite	2.DB.05	Sb₂S₃
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Marcasite	2.EB.10a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Arsenopyrite	2.EB.20	FeAsS
ⓘ	Bournonite	2.GA.50	PbCuSbS₃
ⓘ	Seligmannite	2.GA.50	PbCuAsS₃
ⓘ	'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
ⓘ	Boulangerite	2.HC.15	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁
ⓘ	Geocronite	2.JB.30a	Pb₁₄Sb₆S₂₃
ⓘ	Jordanite	2.JB.30a	Pb₁₄As₆S₂₃
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Malachite	5.BA.10	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Anglesite	7.AD.35	PbSO₄
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Almandine	9.AD.25	Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Grossular	9.AD.25	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Pyrope	9.AD.25	Mg₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Spessartine	9.AD.25	Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Titanite	9.AG.15	CaTi(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Zoisite	9.BG.10	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Actinolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Tremolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	var. Sericite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Phlogopite	9.EC.20	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Microcline	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'Limonite'	-
ⓘ	'Tourmaline'	-	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
ⓘ	'Hornblende Root Name Group'	-	◻Ca₂(Z²⁺₄Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
ⓘ	'K Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Garnet Group'	-	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
B	Boron
B	ⓘ Tourmaline	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Anglesite	PbSO₄
O	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Grossular	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Pyrope	Mg₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Tourmaline	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
O	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
F	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
F	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Pyrope	Mg₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Mg	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Grossular	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Al	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Pyrope	Mg₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Al	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Al	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Grossular	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Pyrope	Mg₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Anglesite	PbSO₄
S	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
S	ⓘ Boulangerite	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁
S	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Geocronite	Pb₁₄Sb₆S₂₃
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Jordanite	Pb₁₄As₆S₂₃
S	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Seligmannite	PbCuAsS₃
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Stibnite	Sb₂S₃
S	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Cl	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Grossular	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ca	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Fe	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Cu	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Seligmannite	PbCuAsS₃
Cu	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
As	ⓘ Jordanite	Pb₁₄As₆S₂₃
As	ⓘ Seligmannite	PbCuAsS₃
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Boulangerite	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁
Sb	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
Sb	ⓘ Geocronite	Pb₁₄Sb₆S₂₃
Sb	ⓘ Stibnite	Sb₂S₃
Sb	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Anglesite	PbSO₄
Pb	ⓘ Boulangerite	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁
Pb	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Pb	ⓘ Geocronite	Pb₁₄Sb₆S₂₃
Pb	ⓘ Jordanite	Pb₁₄As₆S₂₃
Pb	ⓘ Seligmannite	PbCuAsS₃

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AsiaContinent

Altai MountainsMountain Range

China

Altay Li Mineral BeltMineral Belt
Xinjiang
- Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
  - Altay Prefecture (Aletai Prefecture)
    - Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.)
      - Maizi volcanic-sedimentary basinBasin

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

Altai-Mongolia TerraneAccretionary Complex

TurkestanArea

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Wang Jingbin, Deng Jiniu, Zhang Jinhong, and Qin Kezhang (1999): Massive Sulphide Deposits Related to the Volcano-Passive Continental Margin in the Altay Region. Acta Geologica Sinica, English Edition, 73(3), 253-263.

Jinhong Zhang, Jinbin Wang, and Rufu Ding (1999): Alkaline metasomatism of marine volcanic rocks of the Keketale Pb-Zn deposit, Xinjiang. Geology and Prospecting 35(5), 4-8.

Wang Jingbin, Zhang Jinhong, Ding Rufu, and Fang Tonghui (2000): Tectono-Metallogenic System in the Altay Orogenic Belt, China. Acta Geologica Sinica 74(3), 485-491.

Xiping Zhang (2000): Geochemical exploration for polymetallic ores in volcano-sedimentary rocks - Studies in China and Finland. Dissertation. Oulu University Press, Oulu (Finland).

herkules.oulu.fi (n.d.) http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514257871/isbn9514257871.pdf

Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): REE geochemistry of ore fluids in the Koktag lead-zinc deposit, Xinjiang. Geology in China 31(3), 308-314 (in Chinese with English abstract).

Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geological characteristics of Pb-Zn deposits in Devonian volcanic-sedimentary basins in the south margin of Altay mountain: case study of Keketale Pb-Zn deposit, Xinjiang, China. Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33.

Chunming Han, Wenjiao Xiao, Guochun Zhao, Jingwen Mao, Sanzhong Li, Zhen Yan, and Qigui Mao (2006): Major types, characteristics and geodynamic mechanism of Upper Paleozoic copper deposits in northern Xinjiang, northwestern China. Ore Geology Reviews 28, 308-328.

Jiaxin Teng and Qingming Wang (2006): Major ore deposits in Altay metallogenic zone and prospecting areas. Northwestern Geology 39(2), 17-33 (in Chinese with English abstract).

www.portergeo.com.au (n.d.) http://www.portergeo.com.au/database/mineinfo.asp?mineid=mn1049

Wan, B. et al. (2010): Geological and geochemical characteristics and ore genesis of the Keketale VMS Pb–Zn deposit, Southern Altai Metallogenic Belt, NW China. Ore Geology Reviews 37, 114-126.

[1]Sun, Chao, Zhang, Huishan, Yang, Xiaoyong, Ji, Wenhua, Chen, Bo, Li, Yanguang, Dong, Zengchan, Faisal, Mohamed, Jin, Mengqi, Zhao, Xiaojian (2023) A tale of elemental accumulation and recycling in the metamorphosed Keketale VMS-type Pb-Zn deposit, Altai Mountains. Geoscience Frontiers, 14 (1) 101481 doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2022.101481

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