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Kencana Mine, Gosowong Goldfield, Halmahera Island, North Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province, Indonesia i
Regional Level Types
Kencana Mine Mine
Gosowong Goldfield Deposit
Halmahera Island - not defined -
North Halmahera Regency Regency
North Maluku Province Province
Indonesia Country

Regional Level Types
Kencana Mine	Mine
Gosowong Goldfield	Deposit
Halmahera Island	- not defined -
North Halmahera Regency	Regency
North Maluku Province	Province
Indonesia	Country

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Predictive Mineralogy

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

1° 8' 4'' North , 127° 42' 6'' East

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

Type:

Deposit first discovered:

2003 (approx.)

Köppen climate type:

Af : Tropical rainforest climate

Nearest Settlements:

Place	Population	Distance
Sofifi	36,197 (2016)	46.9km
Ternate	101,731 (2016)	52.0km

Owned/operated by:

Newcrest Mining Ltd

Mindat Locality ID:

203400

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:203400:6

GUID (UUID V4):

One of the highest grade, underground epithermal gold mines in the world today. The mine is located within the Gosowong gold province.

The Kencana Au-Ag low-sulfidation epithermal deposit, situated in the Neogene magmatic arc of Halmahera, eastern Indonesia, has an estimated resource of 4.4 million tonnes (Mt) @ 27.9 g/t Au, containing 4 Moz Au. Kencana (K1 vein) shows a complex, multiphase history of formation with numerous brecciation and opening events. Eleven infill types are recognized: (1) wall rock, (2) quartz stockwork, (3) wall-rock breccias with crystalline quartz cement, (4) red chalcedony, (5) massive crystalline quartz, (6) massive crystalline quartz breccias, (7) cockade-banded quartz-chlorite breccias, (8) banded quartz-chlorite, (9) banded quartz-adularia, (10) gray cryptocrystalline quartz stringer veins, and (11) black quartz-molybdenite. The mineralized K1 structure is a listric, normal fault with a strike length of ~400 m and a vertical extent of 200 m. The mineralized fault zone has an average thickness of 8 m, though it locally dilates up to 20 m wide, and is composed of veins and hydrothermal breccias infilled with quartz, cryptocrystalline quartz (chalcedony), sulfide and sulfosalt minerals, electrum, amethyst, and calcite.

Owned by Newcrest Mining Ltd. Kencana is the third mine to be developed by Newcrest at the Gosowong sie and the first underground mine. Kencana is located 1 kilometre south of the original Gosowong pit.

Underground development of the Kencana Mine commenced in February 2005 with the first underground ore mined in March 2006.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.

ⓘ Gold

ⓘ Silver

Mineral List

17 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ 'Hydrothermal breccia'

ⓘ Mudstone

ⓘ Sandstone

ⓘ Siltstone

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Aguilarite

Formula: Ag₄SeS

References:

Clark, Lindsey V., Gemmell, J. Bruce (2018) Vein Stratigraphy, Mineralogy, and Metal Zonation of the Kencana Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Au-Ag Deposit, Gosowong Goldfield, Halmahera Island, Indonesia. Economic Geology, 113 (1) 209-236 doi:10.5382/econgeo.2018.4549

ⓘ Altaite

Formula: PbTe

References:

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

References:

ⓘ Bornite

Formula: Cu₅FeS₄

References:

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

ⓘ Clausthalite

Formula: PbSe

References:

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

ⓘ Galena var. Selenium-bearing Galena

Formula: Pb(S,Se)

References:

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

References:

ⓘ 'K Feldspar var. Adularia'

Formula: KAlSi₃O₈

References:

ⓘ Molybdenite

Formula: MoS₂

References:

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite

Formula: K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Native Gold

Formula: Au

References:

Newcrest website

ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum

Formula: (Au,Ag)

References:

ⓘ Naumannite

Formula: Ag₂Se

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst

Formula: SiO₂

References:

ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony

Formula: SiO₂

References:

ⓘ Quartz var. Milky Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

ⓘ 'Smectite Group'

Formula: A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O

References:

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

ⓘ 'Tennantite Subgroup'

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)As₄S₁₂S

References:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Gold var. Electrum	1.AA.05	(Au,Ag)
ⓘ		1.AA.05	Au
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Bornite	2.BA.15	Cu₅FeS₄
ⓘ	Aguilarite	2.BA.55	Ag₄SeS
ⓘ	Naumannite	2.BA.55	Ag₂Se
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Altaite	2.CD.10	PbTe
ⓘ	Clausthalite	2.CD.10	PbSe
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	var. Selenium-bearing Galena	2.CD.10	Pb(S,Se)
ⓘ	Molybdenite	2.EA.30	MoS₂
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Arsenopyrite	2.EB.20	FeAsS
ⓘ	'Tennantite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)As₄S₁₂S
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Quartz var. Amethyst	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	var. Chalcedony	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ		4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	var. Milky Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Illite	9.EC.15	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
ⓘ		9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Unclassified
ⓘ	'K Feldspar var. Adularia'	-	KAlSi₃O₈
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'K Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Smectite Group'	-	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Smectite Group	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia	KAlSi₃O₈
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Milky Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Smectite Group	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia	KAlSi₃O₈
Al	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia	KAlSi₃O₈
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Milky Quartz	SiO₂
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Aguilarite	Ag₄SeS
S	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
S	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)As₄S₁₂S
S	ⓘ Galena var. Selenium-bearing Galena	Pb(S,Se)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia	KAlSi₃O₈
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Fe	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)As₄S₁₂S
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
As	ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)As₄S₁₂S
Se	Selenium
Se	ⓘ Aguilarite	Ag₄SeS
Se	ⓘ Clausthalite	PbSe
Se	ⓘ Naumannite	Ag₂Se
Se	ⓘ Galena var. Selenium-bearing Galena	Pb(S,Se)
Mo	Molybdenum
Mo	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Aguilarite	Ag₄SeS
Ag	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Ag	ⓘ Naumannite	Ag₂Se
Te	Tellurium
Te	ⓘ Altaite	PbTe
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Au	ⓘ Native Gold	Au
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Altaite	PbTe
Pb	ⓘ Clausthalite	PbSe
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Pb	ⓘ Galena var. Selenium-bearing Galena	Pb(S,Se)

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AsiaContinent

Birds Head PlateTectonic Plate

Eurasian Plate

Halmahera Volcanic ArcVolcanic Arc

Indonesia

Maluku Islands (Moluccas)Group of Archipelagoes

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

[1]Clark, Lindsey V., Gemmell, J. Bruce (2018) Vein Stratigraphy, Mineralogy, and Metal Zonation of the Kencana Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Au-Ag Deposit, Gosowong Goldfield, Halmahera Island, Indonesia. Economic Geology, 113 (1) 209-236 doi:10.5382/econgeo.2018.4549

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