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Abu Dahr, Bir Bitan, Red Sea Governorate, Egypti
Regional Level Types
Abu DahrOphiolite Complex
Bir Bitan- not defined -
Red Sea GovernorateGovernorate
EgyptCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
23° 39' 11'' North , 35° 8' 58'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
23.65306,35.14972
GRN:
N16E23
Type:
Ophiolite Complex
Köppen climate type:
BWh : Hot deserts climate
Mindat Locality ID:
206080
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:206080:7
GUID (UUID V4):
0


Chromitite.

This area is characterized by four primary tectonic units: autochthonous basal granodiorite gneisses, allochthonous ophiolitic nappes, island-arc volcanic/plutonic rocks, and syn- to late-tectonic granites. A tectonic matrix composed of carbonaceous metasediments and metavolcanic rocks contains fragments from pre-existing country rocks.
The Gabal Abu Dahr ophiolites encompass fragmented ophiolitic sequences that can attain a maximum thickness of approximately 17 km, as inferred from the cumulative thickness of the exposed mantle and crustal rocks in relevant maps. The ophiolitic section comprises serpentinized ultramafic rocks at the lower part, transitioning upward to layered and isotropic gabbroic rocks, followed by sheeted dykes and capped by pillow basalt in the uppermost part. The matrix of the mélange predominantly comprises intensely sheared serpentinites and metasedimentary rocks. It also encompasses fragments of metaultramafic rocks, which locally contain chromitite, as well as metagabbro and metabasalt. The metaultramafic rocks are particularly prominent in the Um Eleiga area, manifesting as substantial blocks of serpentinites, including talc-carbonate and listvenite. These lithological units are distributed across Gabal Abu Dahr, Gabal Arias, Gabal Siayil, Gabal Belamhandeit, and Gabal Umm Thagar. Discrete chromitite pods were observed within the serpentinites. The serpentinites of Gabal Abu Dahr host occurrences of listvenite and silicified ultramafic rocks, specifically birbirite.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


30 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
ⓘ Antigorite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'
ⓘ 'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'
ⓘ Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
ⓘ Chrysotile
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
ⓘ Cubanite
Formula: CuFe2S3
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
ⓘ Forsterite
Formula: Mg2(SiO4)
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ 'Hypersthene'
Formula: (Mg,Fe)SiO3
ⓘ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
ⓘ Lizardite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Magnesite
Formula: MgCO3
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ 'Microperthite'
ⓘ Millerite
Formula: NiS
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Native Gold
Formula: Au
ⓘ 'Olivine Group'
Formula: M2SiO4
ⓘ Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
ⓘ Pyrrhotite var. Nickel-bearing Pyrrhotite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)7S8
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
ⓘ Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘ Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Violarite
Formula: Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘ Zoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘNative Gold1.AA.05Au
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘChalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
ⓘPentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘCubanite2.CB.55aCuFe2S3
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘvar. Nickel-bearing Pyrrhotite2.CC.10(Fe,Ni)7S8
ⓘMillerite2.CC.20NiS
ⓘViolarite2.DA.05Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGoethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘChromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘMagnesite5.AB.05MgCO3
ⓘAnkerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘChrysotile9.00.Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘForsterite9.AC.05Mg2(SiO4)
ⓘZoisite9.BG.10(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘAugite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘActinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘTremolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘTalc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘvar. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘClinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘvar. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore9.EC.55Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
ⓘKaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘAntigorite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘLizardite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Unclassified
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Hypersthene'-(Mg,Fe)SiO3
ⓘ'Serpentine Subgroup
var. Bastite'		-D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'K Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'-
ⓘ'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ'Microperthite'-
ⓘ'Olivine Group'-M2SiO4

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Hⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Hⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Hⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Hⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
CCarbon
Cⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Oⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Oⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Oⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Oⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Oⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Oⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Oⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Oⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Oⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
FFluorine
Fⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
NaSodium
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mgⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Mgⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Mgⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Mgⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mgⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Mgⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
AlAluminium
Alⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Alⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Alⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Alⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Alⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Siⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Siⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Siⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Siⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Siⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Siⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Siⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
SSulfur
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Sⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Sⓘ MilleriteNiS
Sⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Sⓘ Pyrrhotite var. Nickel-bearing Pyrrhotite(Fe,Ni)7S8
ClChlorine
Clⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
KPotassium
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Caⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Caⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
CrChromium
Crⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Crⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
MnManganese
Mnⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
FeIron
Feⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Feⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Feⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Feⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Feⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Feⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Feⓘ Pyrrhotite var. Nickel-bearing Pyrrhotite(Fe,Ni)7S8
NiNickel
Niⓘ MilleriteNiS
Niⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Niⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Niⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Niⓘ Pyrrhotite var. Nickel-bearing Pyrrhotite(Fe,Ni)7S8
CuCopper
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Cuⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
ZnZinc
Znⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
AuGold
Auⓘ Native GoldAu

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AfricaContinent
African PlateTectonic Plate
Arabian Plate
Egypt

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Ahmed, Ahmed Hassan, Arai, Shoji, Attia, Abdel Kadar (2001) Petrological characteristics of podiform chromitites and associated peridotites of the Pan African Proterozoic ophiolite complexes of Egypt. Mineralium Deposita, 36 (1) 72-84 doi:10.1007/s001260050287
[1]Zoheir, Basem, Holzheid, Astrid, Diab, Aliaa, Ragab, Azza, Deshesh, Fatma, Abdelnasser, Amr (2024) Recycling of Au during Serpentinization of Ultramafic Rocks: A Case Study from Neoproterozoic Forearc Ophiolites, Egypt. Minerals, 14 (9). doi:10.3390/min14090916
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