Log InRegister
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreOur ScienceMindat Newsletter [Free Download]Contact Us
Donate to MindatSponsor a PageCorporate SponsorshipSponsored Pages
Learning CenterWhat Is a Mineral?The Most Common Minerals on EarthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesMindat Newsletter [Free Download]The ElementsThe Mineral Quiz
Search FormMinerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryMineral Visual ExplorerAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDMinerals by CountryAlphabetical Mineral IndexAlphabetical Locality SearchMineral Association SearchList of CountriesLocalities Near MePhoto SearchSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMore Search Options
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
MineralsPetrologyFossilsMeteoritesGeologic Time
Mining CompaniesStatisticsMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsDevice SettingsTime Machine
Read DiscussionsIdentification Request
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColourPhoto Colour ExplorerNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography

Shavaryn Tsaram, Tariat Volcanic Province, Hangai highland, Arkhangai Province, Mongoliai
Regional Level Types
Shavaryn TsaramVolcanic Field
Tariat Volcanic ProvinceVolcanic Field
Hangai highlandRegion
Arkhangai ProvinceProvince
MongoliaCountry

This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
PhotosMapsSearch
05640640017271973273978.jpg
Pyrope

Shavaryn Tsaram, Tariat Volcanic Province, Hangai highland, Arkhangai Province, Mongolia
09626870017272087132883.jpg
Zircon

Shavaryn Tsaram, Tariat Volcanic Province, Hangai highland, Arkhangai Province, Mongolia
03646810017272087146438.jpg
Zircon

Shavaryn Tsaram, Tariat Volcanic Province, Hangai highland, Arkhangai Province, Mongolia
05640640017271973273978.jpg
Pyrope

Shavaryn Tsaram, Tariat Volcanic Province, Hangai highland, Arkhangai Province, Mongolia
04409020017272049878771.jpg
Zircon

Shavaryn Tsaram, Tariat Volcanic Province, Hangai highland, Arkhangai Province, Mongolia
05024190017272049883685.jpg
Zircon

Shavaryn Tsaram, Tariat Volcanic Province, Hangai highland, Arkhangai Province, Mongolia
05640640017271973273978.jpg
Pyrope

Shavaryn Tsaram, Tariat Volcanic Province, Hangai highland, Arkhangai Province, Mongolia
05020840017272049893652.jpg
Zircon

Shavaryn Tsaram, Tariat Volcanic Province, Hangai highland, Arkhangai Province, Mongolia
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
48° North , 102° East (est.)
Estimate based on other nearby localities or region boundaries.
Margin of Error:
~18km
GRN:
N33E50
Type:
Volcanic Field
Köppen climate type:
Dwc : Monsoon-influenced subarctic climate
Mindat Locality ID:
214358
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:214358:6
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Name(s) in local language(s):
Шаварын Царам, Тариат, нагорье Хангай


Pyrope locality. Pipes of basalts with abundant mantle xenoliths.
Situated ~70 km ESE from Tariat city on the bank of Chulutiingol river (Chulutu River).
The volcanic rocks of the field comprise lava flows cut by sills, dikes and stocks up to 100m or more in diameter. The flows are of Pliocene. Pleistocene and Holocene age and the Holocene flows, which are concentrated at the western end of the field range from 3 to 5 m in thickness and comprise leucite basanites and tephrites, potassic hawaiites and augitites (Whirford-Stark 1987).

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


13 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded


Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
References:
Ionov, D. A. (1986). Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Tsaram volcano, northern Mongolia: petrography major element chemistry and mineralogy. Geologický zborník, 37(6), 681-692.
Preβ, S., Wirr, G., Seck, H.A., Eonov, D., Kovalenko, V.I. (1986) Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Tariat Depression, Mongolia. I: Major element chemistry and mineralogy of a primitive mantle xenolith suite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 50 (12) 2587-2599 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(86)90212-7
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Kopylova, M. G., O'Reilly, S. Y., & Genshaft, Y. S. (1995). Thermal state of the lithosphere beneath Central Mongolia: evidence from deep-seated xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Saram volcanic centre in the Tariat depression, Hangai, Mongolia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 243-255.
Stosch, H. G., Ionov, D. A., Puchtel, I. S., Galer, S. J. G., & Sharpouri, A. (1995). Lower crustal xenoliths from Mongolia and their bearing on the nature of the deep crust beneath central Asia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 227-242.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lesnov, F. P., Palesskii, S. V., Nikolaeva, I. V., Koz’menko, O. A., Kuchkin, A. M., Korolyuk, V. N. (2009) Detailed mineralogical-geochemical study of a large spinel Lherzolite xenolith in alkali basalt of Shavaryn Tsaram paleovolcano, Mongolia. Geochemistry International, 47 (1) 18-40 doi:10.1134/s0016702909010029
ⓘ Corundum
Formula: Al2O3
ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire
Formula: Al2O3
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
ⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside
Formula: Ca(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
ⓘ Enstatite
Formula: Mg2Si2O6
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
References:
Ionov, D. A. (1986). Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Tsaram volcano, northern Mongolia: petrography major element chemistry and mineralogy. Geologický zborník, 37(6), 681-692.
Preβ, S., Wirr, G., Seck, H.A., Eonov, D., Kovalenko, V.I. (1986) Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Tariat Depression, Mongolia. I: Major element chemistry and mineralogy of a primitive mantle xenolith suite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 50 (12) 2587-2599 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(86)90212-7
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Kopylova, M. G., O'Reilly, S. Y., & Genshaft, Y. S. (1995). Thermal state of the lithosphere beneath Central Mongolia: evidence from deep-seated xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Saram volcanic centre in the Tariat depression, Hangai, Mongolia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 243-255.
Stosch, H. G., Ionov, D. A., Puchtel, I. S., Galer, S. J. G., & Sharpouri, A. (1995). Lower crustal xenoliths from Mongolia and their bearing on the nature of the deep crust beneath central Asia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 227-242.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lesnov, F. P., Palesskii, S. V., Nikolaeva, I. V., Koz’menko, O. A., Kuchkin, A. M., Korolyuk, V. N. (2009) Detailed mineralogical-geochemical study of a large spinel Lherzolite xenolith in alkali basalt of Shavaryn Tsaram paleovolcano, Mongolia. Geochemistry International, 47 (1) 18-40 doi:10.1134/s0016702909010029
ⓘ Forsterite
Formula: Mg2(SiO4)
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
ⓘ Leucite
Formula: K(AlSi2O6)
References:
Ionov, D. A. (1986). Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Tsaram volcano, northern Mongolia: petrography major element chemistry and mineralogy. Geologický zborník, 37(6), 681-692.
Preβ, S., Wirr, G., Seck, H.A., Eonov, D., Kovalenko, V.I. (1986) Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Tariat Depression, Mongolia. I: Major element chemistry and mineralogy of a primitive mantle xenolith suite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 50 (12) 2587-2599 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(86)90212-7
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Kopylova, M. G., O'Reilly, S. Y., & Genshaft, Y. S. (1995). Thermal state of the lithosphere beneath Central Mongolia: evidence from deep-seated xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Saram volcanic centre in the Tariat depression, Hangai, Mongolia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 243-255.
Stosch, H. G., Ionov, D. A., Puchtel, I. S., Galer, S. J. G., & Sharpouri, A. (1995). Lower crustal xenoliths from Mongolia and their bearing on the nature of the deep crust beneath central Asia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 227-242.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lesnov, F. P., Palesskii, S. V., Nikolaeva, I. V., Koz’menko, O. A., Kuchkin, A. M., Korolyuk, V. N. (2009) Detailed mineralogical-geochemical study of a large spinel Lherzolite xenolith in alkali basalt of Shavaryn Tsaram paleovolcano, Mongolia. Geochemistry International, 47 (1) 18-40 doi:10.1134/s0016702909010029
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
References:
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) analytical data.
Ionov, D. A. (1986). Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Tsaram volcano, northern Mongolia: petrography major element chemistry and mineralogy. Geologický zborník, 37(6), 681-692.
Preβ, S., Wirr, G., Seck, H.A., Eonov, D., Kovalenko, V.I. (1986) Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Tariat Depression, Mongolia. I: Major element chemistry and mineralogy of a primitive mantle xenolith suite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 50 (12) 2587-2599 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(86)90212-7
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Kopylova, M. G., O'Reilly, S. Y., & Genshaft, Y. S. (1995). Thermal state of the lithosphere beneath Central Mongolia: evidence from deep-seated xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Saram volcanic centre in the Tariat depression, Hangai, Mongolia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 243-255.
Stosch, H. G., Ionov, D. A., Puchtel, I. S., Galer, S. J. G., & Sharpouri, A. (1995). Lower crustal xenoliths from Mongolia and their bearing on the nature of the deep crust beneath central Asia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 227-242.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lesnov, F. P., Palesskii, S. V., Nikolaeva, I. V., Koz’menko, O. A., Kuchkin, A. M., Korolyuk, V. N. (2009) Detailed mineralogical-geochemical study of a large spinel Lherzolite xenolith in alkali basalt of Shavaryn Tsaram paleovolcano, Mongolia. Geochemistry International, 47 (1) 18-40 doi:10.1134/s0016702909010029
ⓘ Pyrope
Formula: Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
References:
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) analytical data.
Ionov, D. A. (1986). Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Tsaram volcano, northern Mongolia: petrography major element chemistry and mineralogy. Geologický zborník, 37(6), 681-692.
Preβ, S., Wirr, G., Seck, H.A., Eonov, D., Kovalenko, V.I. (1986) Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Tariat Depression, Mongolia. I: Major element chemistry and mineralogy of a primitive mantle xenolith suite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 50 (12) 2587-2599 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(86)90212-7
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Kopylova, M. G., O'Reilly, S. Y., & Genshaft, Y. S. (1995). Thermal state of the lithosphere beneath Central Mongolia: evidence from deep-seated xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Saram volcanic centre in the Tariat depression, Hangai, Mongolia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 243-255.
Stosch, H. G., Ionov, D. A., Puchtel, I. S., Galer, S. J. G., & Sharpouri, A. (1995). Lower crustal xenoliths from Mongolia and their bearing on the nature of the deep crust beneath central Asia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 227-242.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lesnov, F. P., Palesskii, S. V., Nikolaeva, I. V., Koz’menko, O. A., Kuchkin, A. M., Korolyuk, V. N. (2009) Detailed mineralogical-geochemical study of a large spinel Lherzolite xenolith in alkali basalt of Shavaryn Tsaram paleovolcano, Mongolia. Geochemistry International, 47 (1) 18-40 doi:10.1134/s0016702909010029
ⓘ Sanidine
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
References:
Ionov, D. A. (1986). Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Tsaram volcano, northern Mongolia: petrography major element chemistry and mineralogy. Geologický zborník, 37(6), 681-692.
Preβ, S., Wirr, G., Seck, H.A., Eonov, D., Kovalenko, V.I. (1986) Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Tariat Depression, Mongolia. I: Major element chemistry and mineralogy of a primitive mantle xenolith suite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 50 (12) 2587-2599 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(86)90212-7
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Kopylova, M. G., O'Reilly, S. Y., & Genshaft, Y. S. (1995). Thermal state of the lithosphere beneath Central Mongolia: evidence from deep-seated xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Saram volcanic centre in the Tariat depression, Hangai, Mongolia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 243-255.
Stosch, H. G., Ionov, D. A., Puchtel, I. S., Galer, S. J. G., & Sharpouri, A. (1995). Lower crustal xenoliths from Mongolia and their bearing on the nature of the deep crust beneath central Asia. Lithos, 36(3-4), 227-242.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lesnov, F. P., Palesskii, S. V., Nikolaeva, I. V., Koz’menko, O. A., Kuchkin, A. M., Korolyuk, V. N. (2009) Detailed mineralogical-geochemical study of a large spinel Lherzolite xenolith in alkali basalt of Shavaryn Tsaram paleovolcano, Mongolia. Geochemistry International, 47 (1) 18-40 doi:10.1134/s0016702909010029
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘCorundum4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘCorundum
var. Sapphire		4.CB.05Al2O3
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘForsterite9.AC.05Mg2(SiO4)
ⓘPyrope9.AD.25Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘEnstatite9.DA.05Mg2Si2O6
ⓘAugite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘDiopside
var. Chromium-bearing Diopside		9.DA.15Ca(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
ⓘ9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘPhlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘSanidine9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘLeucite9.GB.05K(AlSi2O6)
Unclassified
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
OOxygen
Oⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Oⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Oⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Mgⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Mgⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
AlAluminium
Alⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Alⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Alⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
SiSilicon
Siⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Siⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Siⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Siⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
KPotassium
Kⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Kⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
CrChromium
Crⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
FeIron
Feⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Pleistocene : 1.2 ± 0.3 Ma to 0.42 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic TimeRocks, Minerals and Events
Phanerozoic
 Cenozoic
  Quaternary
   Pleistocene
ⓘ Sanidine0.42 Ma
ⓘ Basanite1.2 ± 0.3 Ma

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AsiaContinent
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Ionov, D. A. (1986). Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Shavaryn-Tsaram volcano, northern Mongolia: petrography major element chemistry and mineralogy. Geologický zborník, 37(6), 681-692.
Preβ, S., Wirr, G., Seck, H.A., Eonov, D., Kovalenko, V.I. (1986) Spinel peridotite xenoliths from the Tariat Depression, Mongolia. I: Major element chemistry and mineralogy of a primitive mantle xenolith suite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 50 (12) 2587-2599 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(86)90212-7
Whitford-Stark, J. L. (1987). A survey of Cenozoic volcanism on mainland Asia (Vol. 213). Geological Society of America, Special Papers, 213.
Lesnov, F. P., Palesskii, S. V., Nikolaeva, I. V., Koz’menko, O. A., Kuchkin, A. M., Korolyuk, V. N. (2009) Detailed mineralogical-geochemical study of a large spinel Lherzolite xenolith in alkali basalt of Shavaryn Tsaram paleovolcano, Mongolia. Geochemistry International, 47 (1) 18-40 doi:10.1134/s0016702909010029
Quick NavTopMineral ListRock TypesGeochronologyOther RegionsReferences
 
and/or  
Mindat.org® is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Mindat® and mindat.org® are registered trademarks of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2026, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau.
Content on this site may not be used to train, fine-tune, or otherwise develop artificial intelligence or machine learning models without prior written permission - see our Terms & Conditions.
To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: October 19, 2026 22:13:41 Page updated: June 24, 2026 14:34:00
Go to top of page