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Bitlis Province, Turkeyi
Regional Level Types
Bitlis ProvinceProvince
TurkeyCountry

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PhotosMapsSearch
05806190017272318079223.jpg
Obsidian

Bitlis Province, Turkey
09779370017272318074076.jpg
Obsidian, etc.

Bitlis Province, Turkey
03193450017272318083258.jpg
Obsidian

Bitlis Province, Turkey
05806190017272318079223.jpg
Obsidian

Bitlis Province, Turkey
09779370017272318074076.jpg
Obsidian, etc.

Bitlis Province, Turkey
03193450017272318083258.jpg
Obsidian

Bitlis Province, Turkey
07782220017272318087286.jpg
Obsidian

Bitlis Province, Turkey
09779370017272318074076.jpg
Obsidian, etc.

Bitlis Province, Turkey
Neighbouring regions:
Siirt Province, Turkey
Ağri Province, Turkey
Van Province, Turkey
Muş Province, Turkey
Batman Province, Turkey
Type:
Province
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Tatvan73,222 (2015)
Ahlat64,695 (2015)
Adilcevaz52,781 (2015)
Bitlis46,111 (2015)
Güroymak25,826 (2015)
Hizan15,302 (2015)
Mindat Locality ID:
240989
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:240989:7
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Other Languages:
View 79 more...
French:
Bitlis, Turquie
German:
Bitlis, Türkei
Italian:
provincia di Bitlis, Turchia
Russian:
Битлис, Турция
Simplified Chinese:
比特利斯省, 土耳其
Spanish:
Provincia de Bitlis, Turquía
Achinese:
Propinsi Bitlis, Turuki
Arabic:
بدليس, تركيا
Aramaic:
ܒܝܛܠܝܣ, ܛܘܪܩܝܐ
Armenian:
Բաղեշի նահանգ, Թուրքիա
Asturian:
provincia de Bitlis, Turquía
Azeri:
Bitlis ili, Türkiyə
Basque:
Bitlis probintzia, Turkia
Belarusian:
Бітліс , Турцыя
Belarusian (Tarashkevitsa):
Бітліс, Турэччына
Bengali:
বিতলিস প্রদেশ, তুরস
Bosnian:
Bitlis, Turska
Breton:
Bitlis, Turkia
Bulgarian:
Битлис, Турция
Catalan:
Província de Bitlis, Turquia
Cebuano:
Bitlis, Turkiya
Central Kurdish/Sorani:
پارێزگای بدلیس, تورکیا
Chuvash:
Битлис , Турци
Crimean Tatar (Latin):
Bitlis, Türkiye
Czech:
Bitlis , Turecko
Danish:
Bitlis Province, Kalkun
Dutch:
Bitlis, Turkije
Esperanto:
Provinco Bitlis, Turkio
Estonian:
Bitlisi provints, Türgi
Farsi/Persian:
استان بتلیس, بوقلمون
Fiji Hindi:
Bitlis Praant, Turkey
Finnish:
Bitlisin maakunta, Turkki
Georgian:
ბითლისის პროვინცია, თურქეთი
Greek:
Μπίτλις, Τουρκία
Gujarati:
બિટલીસ પ્રાંત, તુર્કસ્તાન
Hebrew:
ביטליס, טורקיה
Hill Mari:
Битлис, Турци
Hindi:
बिटलिस प्रांत, तुर्की
Hungarian:
Bitlis, Törökország
Indonesian:
Provinsi Bitlis, Turki
Japanese:
ビトリス県, トルコ
Kannada:
ಬಿಟ್ಲಿಸ್ ಪ್ರಾಂತ್ಯ, ಟರ್ಕಿ
Kazakh (Cyrillic Script):
Битлис, Түркия
Kinyarwanda:
Intara ya Bitlis, Turukiya
Korean:
비틀리스주, 터키
Kurdish (Latin Script):
Bidlîs, Tirkiye
Latin:
Bitlis, Turcia
Latvian:
Bitlisas ils, Turcija
Lithuanian:
Bitliso provincija, Turkija
Luri:
آستوٙن بئتلیس, ترکیه
Macedonian:
Битлис, Турција
Malay:
Wilayah Bitlis, Turki
Marathi:
बित्लिस प्रांत, तुर्कस्तान
Minnan / Hokkien-Taiwanese:
Bitlis, Türkiye
Northern Sami:
Bitlis eanangoddi, Durka
Norwegian:
Bitlis, Tyrkia
Norwegian (Nynorsk):
Provinsen Bitlis, Tyrkia
Ossetian:
Битлис, Турк
Polish:
Bitlis, Turcja
Portuguese:
Bitlis, Turquia
Romanian:
Provincia Bitlis, Turcia
Scots:
Bitlis Province, Turkey
Serbian:
Битлис, Турска
Serbo-Croatian:
Bitlis, Turska
Sinhalese:
බිට්ලිස් පළාත, තුර්කිය
Swahili:
Mkoa wa Bitlis, Uturuki
Swedish:
Bitlis, Turkiet
Tagalog:
Lalawigan ng Bitlis, Pabo
Tajik (Cyrillic Script):
Вилояти Битлис, Туркия
Tamil:
பிட்டலிஸ் மாகாணம், துருக்கி
Telugu:
బిట్లిస్ ప్రావిన్స్, టర్కీ
Thai:
จังหวัดบิตลิส, ตุรกี
Traditional Chinese:
比特利斯省, 土耳其
Turkish:
Bitlis, Türkiye
Turkmen:
Bitlis, Türkiýe
Ukrainian:
Бітліс, Туреччина
Urdu:
بتلیس صوبہ, ترکی
Uyghur:
بىتلىس ۋىلايىتى, تۈركىيە جۇمھۇرىيىتى
Uzbek (Latin Script):
Bitlis, Turkiya
Vietnamese:
Bitlis, Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ
Volapük:
Bitlisiän, Türkän
Waray:
Bitlis, Turkeya
Welsh:
Talaith Bitlis, Twrci
Western Punjabi:
صوبہ بلتس, ترکی
Zazaki:
Bıdlis, Tırkiya


Bitlis Province is located to the west of Lake Van (Van Gölü in Turkish). Lake Van is the largest lake in eastern Turkey. It lies in the far east of Turkey in the provinces of Van and Bitlis. It is a saline soda lake, receiving water from numerous small streams that descend from the surrounding mountains. Lake Van is one of the world's largest endorheic lakes (having no outlet) - a volcanic eruption blocked the original outlet from the basin in prehistoric times. Although Lake Van has an altitude of 5,380 ft (1,640 m) in a region with harsh winters, its high salinity prevents most of it from freezing, and even the shallow northern section freezes only rarely. As a deep lake with no outlet, Lake Van has accumulated great amounts of sediment washed in from surrounding plains and valleys, and occasionally deposited as ash from eruptions of nearby volcanoes, such as Meydan Dağı and Nemrut Dağı. This layer of sediment is estimated to be up to 1,300 ft (400 m) thick in places, and has attracted climatologists and vulcanologists interested in drilling cores to examine the layered sediments.

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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

36 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ Aegirine-augite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ Aenigmatite
Formula: Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase
Formula: (Na,K)AlSi3O8
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Description: Primary and essential constituent of fine grained eclogite. Almandine crystal size appears to be around 3mm. The garnets are often partly retrograded with symplectitic domains and keliphitic biotite or biotite/amphibole coronas.
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ Arfvedsonite
Formula: [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Description: Biotite occurs as a rock forming mineral in metapelitic gneisses and as a retrograded product in eclogites. In the eclogites, biotite occur as symplectitic rims and amphibole–biotite coronas on garnet.
ⓘ Bismuthinite
Formula: Bi2S3
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Description: Calcite is reported from the quartz-mica-carbonate schist.
ⓘ 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'
Formula: AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende'
Formula: AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
ⓘ 'Chevkinite Group'
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ Clinozoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Description: Clinozoisite formed in eclogites as retrograde mineral in pressure shadows of garnet pseudomorphs, and as wrapping around the garnet pseudomorphs. Epidote/clinozoisite is also found in amphibole–plagioclase symplectites as elongated crystals
ⓘ 'Epidote Group'
Formula: (A12+A22+)(M13+M23+M33+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Description: Epidote/clinozoisite is found in amphibole–plagioclase symplectites as elongated crystals
ⓘ Fayalite
Formula: Fe2+2SiO4
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ 'Ferri-sadanagaite'
Formula: {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
Description: In the eclogites, amphiboles occur as amphibole–biotite coronas on garnet, as a matrix of amphibole–plagioclase symplectites and as a replacement of omphacite. Ferri-sadanagaite has been identified as one of these amphiboles.
ⓘ Ferro-richterite
Formula: {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ 'Ferro-winchite'
Formula: ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Gersdorffite
Formula: NiAsS
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
Description: K-feldspar is reported as a rock-forming constituent in metapelitic gneisses.
ⓘ Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Description: Kyanite is reported as a minor, accessory constituent in metapelitic gneisses.
ⓘ Magnesio-ferri-hornblende
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2
Description: In the eclogites, amphiboles occur as amphibole–biotite coronas on garnet, as a matrix of amphibole–plagioclase symplectites and as a replacement of omphacite. Magnesio-ferri-hornblende has been identified as one of these amphiboles.
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Description: Muscovite is reported as a constituent in primary eclogite.
ⓘ Omphacite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Description: Fine-grained omphacite is an essential component in the eclogites. It is partly retrogressed to amphibole minerals
ⓘ Pargasite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Description: In the eclogites, amphiboles occur as amphibole–biotite coronas on garnet, as a matrix of amphibole–plagioclase symplectites and as a replacement of omphacite. Pargasite has been identified as one of these amphiboles. Pargasite forms a series towards sadanagaite and ferri/sadanagaite at the locality.
ⓘ Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
References:
Pearce, J. A., Bender, J. F., De Long, S. E., Kidd, W. S. F., Low, P. J., Güner, Y., ... & Mitchell, J. G. (1990). Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 44(1-2), 189-229.
Yılmaz, Y., Güner, Y., & Şaroğlu, F. (1998). Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centres of the East Anatolia. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 85(1-4), 173-210.
Aydar, E., Gourgaud, A., Ulusoy, I., Digonnet, F., Labazuy, P., Sen, E., ... & Tolluoglu, A. U. (2003). Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(3-4), 301-312.
Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., & Güleç, N. (2006). Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): the most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey. Chemical Geology, 226(3-4), 189-211.
Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2007). Comment on “Volcanostratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey” by 189–211. Chemical Geology, 245(1-2), 120-129.
Ulusoy, İ., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., & Çubukçu, E. (2008). Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal research, 174(4), 269-283.
Çubukçu, H. E., Ulusoy, I., Aydar, E. R. K. A. N., Ersoy, O., Şen, E. R. D. A. L., Gourgaud, A., & Guillou, H. (2012). Mt. Nemrut volcano (Eastern Turkey): temporal petrological evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 209, 33-60.
Ulusoy, İ., Çubukçu, H. E., Aydar, E., Labazuy, P., Ersoy, O., Şen, E., & Gourgaud, A. (2012). Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 245, 21-39.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van I: evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past> 400,000 years. Bulletin of volcanology, 75(5), 714.
Sumita, M., & Schmincke, H. U. (2013). Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 253, 15-34.
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Sadanagaite
Formula: {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2
Description: In the eclogites, amphiboles occur as amphibole–biotite coronas on garnet, as a matrix of amphibole–plagioclase symplectites and as a replacement of omphacite. Sadanagaite has been identified as one of these amphiboles.
ⓘ Sillimanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Description: Sillimanite is reported as a minor, accessory constituent in metapelitic gneisses.
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
ⓘ Taramite
Formula: Na(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Description: In the eclogites, amphiboles occur as amphibole–biotite coronas on garnet, as a matrix of amphibole–plagioclase symplectites and as a replacement of omphacite. Taramite has been identified as one of these amphiboles.
ⓘ Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
Description: Titanite is found in amphibole–plagioclase symplectites as elongated crystals
ⓘ Violarite
Formula: Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘ 'White mica'
Description: "White mica" is reported as a rock forming constituent in pelitic gneisses and calc-schist
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
Habit: prismatic
Description: The age of the eclogite was determined from prismatic zircon crystals in the 100 µm range.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘPentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘViolarite2.DA.05Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘBismuthinite2.DB.05Bi2S3
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘMarcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
ⓘArsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
ⓘGersdorffite2.EB.25NiAsS
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGoethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘFayalite9.AC.05Fe2+2SiO4
ⓘAlmandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘSillimanite9.AF.05Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘKyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘTitanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
ⓘClinozoisite9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘAegirine-augite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘOmphacite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘAegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
ⓘMagnesio-ferri-hornblende9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2
ⓘPargasite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘSadanagaite9.DE.15{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2
ⓘ'Ferri-sadanagaite'9.DE.15{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
ⓘFerro-richterite9.DE.20{Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ'Ferro-winchite'9.DE.20 ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘTaramite9.DE.20Na(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
ⓘArfvedsonite9.DE.25[Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘAenigmatite9.DH.40Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘAlbite
var. Anorthoclase		9.FA.35(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Unclassified
ⓘ'Alkali Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup
var. Hornblende'		-AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'K Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'-AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Chevkinite Group'-
ⓘ'Epidote Group'-(A12+A22+)(M13+M23+M33+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ'White mica'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Hⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Ferro-winchite ◻{CaNa}{Fe42+Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ Magnesio-ferri-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2
Hⓘ Ferri-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Epidote Group(A12+A22+)(M13+M23+M33+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
CCarbon
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Oⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Oⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Oⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Oⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Oⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Oⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Ferro-winchite ◻{CaNa}{Fe42+Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Oⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ RutileTiO2
Oⓘ Sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ Magnesio-ferri-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2
Oⓘ Ferri-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Epidote Group(A12+A22+)(M13+M23+M33+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
FFluorine
Fⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Fⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
NaSodium
Naⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Naⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Naⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Naⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Naⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ Ferro-winchite ◻{CaNa}{Fe42+Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Naⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Naⓘ Ferri-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mgⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ Sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Mgⓘ Magnesio-ferri-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2
Mgⓘ Ferri-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
AlAluminium
Alⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Alⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Alⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Alⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Ferro-winchite ◻{CaNa}{Fe42+Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Alⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Alⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ Sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Alⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Alⓘ Magnesio-ferri-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2
Alⓘ Ferri-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
SiSilicon
Siⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Siⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Siⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Siⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Siⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Siⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Siⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Ferro-winchite ◻{CaNa}{Fe42+Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Siⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ Magnesio-ferri-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2
Siⓘ Ferri-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Epidote Group(A12+A22+)(M13+M23+M33+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
SSulfur
Sⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Sⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Sⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Sⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
ClChlorine
Clⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Clⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Clⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
KPotassium
Kⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Ferro-winchite ◻{CaNa}{Fe42+Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Caⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Caⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Caⓘ TaramiteNa(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Caⓘ Magnesio-ferri-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2
Caⓘ Ferri-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Tiⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Tiⓘ RutileTiO2
Tiⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
FeIron
Feⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Feⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Feⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Feⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Feⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Feⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Feⓘ Ferro-winchite ◻{CaNa}{Fe42+Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Feⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Feⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Feⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Feⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Feⓘ Magnesio-ferri-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2
Feⓘ Ferri-sadanagaite{Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2
NiNickel
Niⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Niⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Niⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
CuCopper
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
ZnZinc
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
Asⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Asⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
PbLead
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
BiBismuth
Biⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Phanerozoic : 264 ± 6 Ma to Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic TimeRocks, Minerals and Events
Phanerozoic
 Cenozoic
  Quaternary
   Anthropocene
ⓘ Almandine (youngest age) MaKesandere valley eclogites, Bitlis Province, Turkey
    
    
   Pleistocene
ⓘ Feldspar Group (youngest age)0.0286 ± 0.003 MaNemrut Volcano, Ahlat District, Bitlis Province, Turkey
ⓘ Feldspar Group (oldest age)0.3926 ± 0.0051 MaNemrut Volcano, Ahlat District, Bitlis Province, Turkey
    
   
  Neogene
   Miocene
ⓘ Rhyolite (youngest age)8 ± 3 MaNemrut Volcano, Ahlat District, Bitlis Province, Turkey
ⓘ Peralkaline trachyte (youngest age)8 ± 3 MaNemrut Volcano, Ahlat District, Bitlis Province, Turkey
    
  
 Mesozoic
  Cretaceous
   Late/Upper Cretaceous
ⓘ Almandine (oldest age)82.4 ± 0.9 MaKesandere valley eclogites, Bitlis Province, Turkey
    
  
 Paleozoic
  Permian
   Guadalupian
ⓘ Rhyolite (oldest age)264 ± 6 MaNemrut Volcano, Ahlat District, Bitlis Province, Turkey
ⓘ Peralkaline trachyte (oldest age)264 ± 6 MaNemrut Volcano, Ahlat District, Bitlis Province, Turkey

Fossils

This region is too big or complex to display the fossil list, try looking at smaller subregions.

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitlis_Province
Wikidata ID:Q83239
GeoNames ID:321022

Localities in this Region

Turkey
Turkey

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
Indian Plate (India Plate)
Turkey

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