Largest Settlements:
Place Population Pailin 17,850 (2013)
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:27887:1
French:
Pailin, Pailin, Cambodge
German:
Pailin, Pailin, Kambodscha
Italian:
distretto di Pailin, Pailin, Cambogia
Cebuano:
Khan Pailĭn, Pailin, Kamboya
Estonian:
Pailĭn, Pailĭn, Kambodža
Khmer:
ក្រុងប៉ៃលិន, ខេត្តប៉ៃលិន, កម្ពុជា
Swedish:
Khan Pailĭn, Pailin, Kambodja
Vietnamese:
Pailin , Pailin, Campuchia
Gem mining:
ruby , blue, green, and yellow
sapphire , reddish brown
zircon and red
garnet .
Note: This is often erroneously given as "Paulin District, Thailand" or "Pai-lin District, Thailand", probably because the district lies just behind the border to Thailand. One area around the town and another area 22 km to the south. Artisanal mining for the last 100 years.
It is well known that the colour of stones is regularly artificially improved using a drum furnace technique.
Whitford-Sark states that: "[t]he Phnum Yat, located just near the city centre, is known to produce blue
sapphire s and few rubies, the other volcanoes, the Phnum Ko Ngoap and the Phnum O Tang are known to produce rubies."
Select Mineral List Type
Standard
Detailed Gallery
Strunz
Chemical Elements
Commodity List This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region. Mineral List Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
14 valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
Select Rock List Type Alphabetical List Tree Diagram
Entries shown in red are rocks recorded for this region.
Detailed Mineral List: ⓘ Analcime Formula: Na(AlSi2 O6 ) · H2 O
ⓘ Anatase Formula: TiO2
References: Filina, Maria I., Sorokina, Elena S., Botcharnikov, Roman, Karampelas, Stefanos, Rassomakhin, Mikhail A., Kononkova, Natalia N., Nikolaev, Anatoly G., Berndt, Jasper, Hofmeister, Wolfgang (2019) Corundum Anorthosites-Kyshtymites from the South Urals, Russia: A Combined Mineralogical, Geochemical, and U-Pb Zircon Geochronological Study. Minerals , 9 (4) 234 doi:10.3390/min9040234 ⓘ Augite Formula: (Cax Mgy Fez )(Mgy1 Fez1 )Si2 O6
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' ⓘ Columbite-(Fe) Formula: Fe2+ Nb2 O6
References: Filina, Maria I., Sorokina, Elena S., Botcharnikov, Roman, Karampelas, Stefanos, Rassomakhin, Mikhail A., Kononkova, Natalia N., Nikolaev, Anatoly G., Berndt, Jasper, Hofmeister, Wolfgang (2019) Corundum Anorthosites-Kyshtymites from the South Urals, Russia: A Combined Mineralogical, Geochemical, and U-Pb Zircon Geochronological Study. Minerals , 9 (4) 234 doi:10.3390/min9040234 ⓘ 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series' References: Amphon, Ratthaphon, Chankhantha, Chawalit, Srimuang, Chanisara, Vongsetskul, Suchinda, Intarasiri, Saweat, Shen, Andy H. (2024) Changes in Blue Color of Sapphire Compared with Oxidation State Changes. Minerals , 14 (4) doi:10.3390/min14040333 ⓘ Corundum Formula: Al2 O3
Localities: Phnum Yat, Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia Phnom Ko Ngoap, Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia Bo Pie Rin Mine (Hills of Precious Stones Mine), Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia ⓘ Corundum var. Ruby Formula: Al2 O3
Localities: Phnom Ko Ngoap, Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia Phnum Yat, Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia Bo Pie Rin Mine (Hills of Precious Stones Mine), Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire Formula: Al2 O3
Localities: Phnum Yat, Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia Phnom Ko Ngoap, Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia Bo Pie Rin Mine (Hills of Precious Stones Mine), Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' ⓘ 'Feldspar Group' ⓘ 'Garnet Group' Formula: X 3 Z 2 (SiO4 )3
ⓘ 'Glass' ⓘ Hercynite Formula: Fe2+ Al2 O4
ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite Formula: (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2 O4
ⓘ Ilmenite Formula: Fe2+ TiO3
ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+ Fe3+ 2 O4
ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) Formula: Ce(PO4 )
References: Filina, Maria I., Sorokina, Elena S., Botcharnikov, Roman, Karampelas, Stefanos, Rassomakhin, Mikhail A., Kononkova, Natalia N., Nikolaev, Anatoly G., Berndt, Jasper, Hofmeister, Wolfgang (2019) Corundum Anorthosites-Kyshtymites from the South Urals, Russia: A Combined Mineralogical, Geochemical, and U-Pb Zircon Geochronological Study. Minerals , 9 (4) 234 doi:10.3390/min9040234 ⓘ Native Gold Formula: Au
ⓘ 'Oligoclase-Andesine' ⓘ Phlogopite Formula: KMg3 (AlSi3 O10 )(OH)2
ⓘ 'Plagioclase' Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2 ]O8
References: Filina, Maria I., Sorokina, Elena S., Botcharnikov, Roman, Karampelas, Stefanos, Rassomakhin, Mikhail A., Kononkova, Natalia N., Nikolaev, Anatoly G., Berndt, Jasper, Hofmeister, Wolfgang (2019) Corundum Anorthosites-Kyshtymites from the South Urals, Russia: A Combined Mineralogical, Geochemical, and U-Pb Zircon Geochronological Study. Minerals , 9 (4) 234 doi:10.3390/min9040234 ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group' Formula: A2 Nb2 (O,OH)6 Z
References: Amphon, Ratthaphon, Chankhantha, Chawalit, Srimuang, Chanisara, Vongsetskul, Suchinda, Intarasiri, Saweat, Shen, Andy H. (2024) Changes in Blue Color of Sapphire Compared with Oxidation State Changes. Minerals , 14 (4) doi:10.3390/min14040333 ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group' Formula: ADSi2 O6
ⓘ Rutile Formula: TiO2
References: Filina, Maria I., Sorokina, Elena S., Botcharnikov, Roman, Karampelas, Stefanos, Rassomakhin, Mikhail A., Kononkova, Natalia N., Nikolaev, Anatoly G., Berndt, Jasper, Hofmeister, Wolfgang (2019) Corundum Anorthosites-Kyshtymites from the South Urals, Russia: A Combined Mineralogical, Geochemical, and U-Pb Zircon Geochronological Study. Minerals , 9 (4) 234 doi:10.3390/min9040234 ⓘ Spinel Formula: MgAl2 O4
ⓘ 'Tektite var. Indochinite' ⓘ Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4 )
Gallery: List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification List of minerals for each chemical element
H Hydrogen H ⓘ Analcime Na(AlSi2 O6 ) · H2 O H ⓘ Phlogopite KMg3 (AlSi3 O10 )(OH)2 H ⓘ Pyrochlore Group A2 Nb2 (O,OH)6 Z
O Oxygen O ⓘ Analcime Na(AlSi2 O6 ) · H2 O O ⓘ Anatase TiO2 O ⓘ Augite (Cax Mgy Fez )(Mgy1 Fez1 )Si2 O6 O ⓘ Corundum Al2 O3 O ⓘ Columbite-(Fe) Fe2+ Nb2 O6 O ⓘ Hercynite Fe2+ Al2 O4 O ⓘ Ilmenite Fe2+ TiO3 O ⓘ Magnetite Fe2+ Fe2 3+ O4 O ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) Ce(PO4 ) O ⓘ Phlogopite KMg3 (AlSi3 O10 )(OH)2 O ⓘ Pyrochlore Group A2 Nb2 (O,OH)6 Z O ⓘ Corundum var. Ruby Al2 O3 O ⓘ Rutile TiO2 O ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire Al2 O3 O ⓘ Spinel MgAl2 O4 O ⓘ Zircon Zr(SiO4 ) O ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series O ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series O ⓘ Plagioclase (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2 ]O8 O ⓘ Pyroxene Group ADSi2 O6 O ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2 O4 O ⓘ Garnet Group X 3 Z 2 (SiO4 )3
Na Sodium Na ⓘ Analcime Na(AlSi2 O6 ) · H2 O Na ⓘ Plagioclase (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2 ]O8
Mg Magnesium Mg ⓘ Augite (Cax Mgy Fez )(Mgy1 Fez1 )Si2 O6 Mg ⓘ Phlogopite KMg3 (AlSi3 O10 )(OH)2 Mg ⓘ Spinel MgAl2 O4 Mg ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series Mg ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2 O4
Al Aluminium Al ⓘ Analcime Na(AlSi2 O6 ) · H2 O Al ⓘ Corundum Al2 O3 Al ⓘ Hercynite Fe2+ Al2 O4 Al ⓘ Phlogopite KMg3 (AlSi3 O10 )(OH)2 Al ⓘ Corundum var. Ruby Al2 O3 Al ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire Al2 O3 Al ⓘ Spinel MgAl2 O4 Al ⓘ Plagioclase (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2 ]O8 Al ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2 O4
Si Silicon Si ⓘ Analcime Na(AlSi2 O6 ) · H2 O Si ⓘ Augite (Cax Mgy Fez )(Mgy1 Fez1 )Si2 O6 Si ⓘ Phlogopite KMg3 (AlSi3 O10 )(OH)2 Si ⓘ Zircon Zr(SiO4 ) Si ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series Si ⓘ Plagioclase (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2 ]O8 Si ⓘ Pyroxene Group ADSi2 O6 Si ⓘ Garnet Group X 3 Z 2 (SiO4 )3
P Phosphorus P ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) Ce(PO4 )
K Potassium K ⓘ Phlogopite KMg3 (AlSi3 O10 )(OH)2
Ca Calcium Ca ⓘ Augite (Cax Mgy Fez )(Mgy1 Fez1 )Si2 O6 Ca ⓘ Plagioclase (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2 ]O8
Ti Titanium Ti ⓘ Anatase TiO2 Ti ⓘ Ilmenite Fe2+ TiO3 Ti ⓘ Rutile TiO2
Cr Chromium Cr ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2 O4
Mn Manganese Mn ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Fe Iron Fe ⓘ Augite (Cax Mgy Fez )(Mgy1 Fez1 )Si2 O6 Fe ⓘ Columbite-(Fe) Fe2+ Nb2 O6 Fe ⓘ Hercynite Fe2+ Al2 O4 Fe ⓘ Ilmenite Fe2+ TiO3 Fe ⓘ Magnetite Fe2+ Fe2 3+ O4 Fe ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series Fe ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series Fe ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2 O4
Zr Zirconium Zr ⓘ Zircon Zr(SiO4 )
Nb Niobium Nb ⓘ Columbite-(Fe) Fe2+ Nb2 O6 Nb ⓘ Pyrochlore Group A2 Nb2 (O,OH)6 Z Nb ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Ce Cerium Ce ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) Ce(PO4 )
Au Gold Au ⓘ Native Gold Au
Geochronology Mineralization age:
Cenozoic : 2.60 ± 0.2 Ma to 2.27 ± 0.15 Ma
Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.
Fossils This region is too big or complex to display the fossil list, try looking at smaller subregions.
Other Databases Localities in this Region Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please
register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to
visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders
for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.
References
Pailin District, Pailin Province, Cambodia