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Damon Mound Salt Dome, Damon, Brazoria County, Texas, USAi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Damon Mound Salt Dome | Dome |
| Damon | - not defined - |
| Brazoria County | County |
| Texas | State |
| USA | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
29° 16' 42'' North , 95° 45' 6'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Damon | 552 (2011) | 2.1km |
| Needville | 3,063 (2017) | 15.8km |
| Fairchilds | 1,027 (2017) | 17.2km |
| West Columbia | 3,935 (2018) | 18.2km |
| Boling | 1,122 (2011) | 18.7km |
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Damon Mound; Damon Mound oil field; Damon Mound Mine; Dresser Minerals Quarry
A salt-limestone-S-Zn-gypsum-anhydrite occurrence located at Damon on Route 36. The quarry opened in 1831, oil wells started in 1915, and Frasch sulfur mining occurred during the period 1953-1957. Operated by Dresser Minerals, Texas (1979). Owned by Dresser Industries Inc., Texas (1979). The MRDS database stated accuracy for this location is 500 meters. Sour dirt, known to Native Americans and to settlers who arrived around 1831. The dome was recognized in 1901. Native S was discovered in 1916 in an oil test, followed by 14 sulfur tests. Drilled by Union Sulfur during the period 1922-1923 and by Jefferson Lake in 1932.
Mineralization is a salt dome deposit (Mineral occurrence model information: Model code: 255; USGS model code: 35a.7 (35ag); Deposit model name: Salt-dome sulfur), hosted in the Louann Limestone and salt. Local alteration includes biogenic alteration of anhydrock to limestone. The caprock outcrops. The depth to the salt is 529 feet (ca. 161 m), with a salt volume of 4.3 cubic miles to 10,000 feet (ca. 3 km) of depth. The deposit is 120 acres in areal extent. The caprock is 375 to 575 feet thick. The sulfur is hosted by gyprock and anhydrock, with little sulfur being found in the limestone. Local rocks include rocks of the Beaumont Formation, areas predominantly clay.
Local geologic structures include a piercement salt dome.
Workings include Frasch production of sulfur operations. The Damon Quarry mined limestone from 75 to 125 feet of depth, exposing 60 feet of limestone caprock.
Production data are found in Halbouty, Michel T. (1979).
Analytical data results: Limestone: 48% CaO, 7% SiO₂, 3% Al₂O₃, 0.5% Fe₂O₃, 0.27% MgO.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
14 valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Anhydrite Formula: CaSO4 References: |
| ⓘ Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Habit: scalenohedra in septarian nodules and geodes; rhombohedra in the limestone and caprock |
| ⓘ Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O Description: clear 2-cm crystals in small aggregates |
| ⓘ Halite Formula: NaCl |
| ⓘ Marcasite Formula: FeS2 Description: oxidizes rapidly on exposure to a white to gray powdery sulfate |
| ⓘ Melanterite Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| ⓘ Native Sulphur Formula: S8 Description: small crystals and masses in the limestone caprock, also as yellow coatings where black hydrocarbon-rich shales are exposed in small gullies. |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 Habit: octahedra; botryoidal coatings |
| ⓘ Pyrrhotite Formula: Fe1-xS Description: Smith (1980):
"The pyrrhotite nodules vary in size from 1 mm to slightly over 4 cm in diameter. The outer surface consists of platy hexagonal crystals arranged with pinacoid faces subparallel. The crystals range from less than 0.5 mm to over 5 cm in diameter and vary in color from metallic gray to bronze, but rapidly weather to a very rusty brown on exposure. Most of the nodules react weakly to a magnet. Some do not and may actually be pseudomorphs. Rarely, isolated small groups and single microcrystals occur on thin plates of massive pyrrhotite. The interior of the nodules has a somewhat foliated structure that radiates from the center. The centers of many nodules are hollow but others are filled with intergrown, clear, tabular barite crystals. Microcrystals of barite also occur in cracks. Both occurrences of barite are of secondary origin. Tiny crystals of pyrite may occur on the pyrrhotite crystals.
The smaller nodules (0.5 to 1 cm in diameter) are actually flattened rosettes that occur alone or in flat aggregates. Some of the rosettes have a crude but distinct hexagonal outline. The larger nodules (1 to 4 cm in diameter) always occur alone and are rounded. These nodules may also have a crude hexagonal outline, a circular outline, or a star-shaped outline." |
| ⓘ Siderite Formula: FeCO3 |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Fluorescence: Deep red |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Native Sulphur | 1.CC.05 | S8 |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Halite | 3.AA.20 | NaCl |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Siderite | 5.AB.05 | FeCO3 |
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Anhydrite | 7.AD.30 | CaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Melanterite | 7.CB.35 | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Halite | NaCl |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | ⓘ Native Sulphur | S8 |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Halite | NaCl |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| Ca | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Fe | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
Other Databases
| Link to USGS MRDS: | 10061157 |
|---|
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
North AmericaContinent
North America PlateTectonic Plate
- Gulf of Mexico BasinBasin
- Northern Gulf of Mexico MarginPassive Margin
- Sabine DomainDomain
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References
(n.d.) Minerals Availability System (MAS), U.S. Bureau of Mines.file ID # 0480390017
Damon Mound Salt Dome, Damon, Brazoria County, Texas, USA