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Harrat Ash Shaam Plateau, As-Suwayda Governorate, Syriai
Regional Level Types
Harrat Ash Shaam PlateauPlateau
As-Suwayda GovernorateGovernorate
SyriaCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
32° 59' North , 36° 40' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
32.98333,36.66667
GeoHash:
G#: svf5dk7vg
GRN:
N22E23
Type:
Plateau
Köppen climate type:
BSk : Cold semi-arid (steppe) climate
Mindat Locality ID:
342046
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:342046:4
GUID (UUID V4):
0


Plateau is situated in southern Syria and extends southwards asrocc Jordan into Saudi Arabia and westwards into Lebanon and Israel. It covers several thousand km² within Syria and comprises basaltic lava flows and pyroclastic rocks with max thickness over 1.5 km (Guba & Mustafa 1988).
Volcanism started at c. 24Ma and continued until Recent times.

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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


4 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
ⓘ Nepheline
Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
ⓘ Sanidine
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
References:
Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘNepheline9.FA.05Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
ⓘSanidine9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
ⓘ'Alkali Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
OOxygen
Oⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Oⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
FFluorine
Fⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
NaSodium
Naⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
AlAluminium
Alⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Alⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Siⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
ClChlorine
Clⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
KPotassium
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Kⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
FeIron
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Arabian PlateTectonic Plate
AsiaContinent

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References

Guba, I., & Mustafa, H. (1988). Structural control of young basaltic fissure eruptions in the plateau basalt area of the Arabian Plate, northeastern Jordan. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 35(4), 319-334.
Mouty, M., Delaloye, M., Fontignie, D., Piskin, O., & Wagner, J. J. (1992). The volcanic activity in Syria and Lebanon between Jurassic and Actual. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 91-105.
Mahfoud, R. F., & Beck, J. N. (1995). Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of ultramafic inclusions and basanite from southern Syria. International Geology Review, 37(5), 448-470.
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
Lustrino, M., & Sharkov, E. (2006). Neogene volcanic activity of western Syria and its relationship with Arabian plate kinematics. Journal of Geodynamics, 42(4-5), 115-139.
Krienitz, M. S., Haase, K. M., Mezger, K., & Shaikh-Mashail, M. A. (2007). Magma genesis and mantle dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field (southern Syria). Journal of Petrology, 48(8), 1513-1542.
Al-Safarjalani, A., Nasir, S., Fockenberg, T., & Massonne, H. J. (2009). Chemical composition of crustal xenoliths from southwestern Syria: characterization of the upper part of the lower crust beneath the Arabian Plate. Geochemistry, 69(4), 359-375.
Nasir, S., & Rollinson, H. (2009). The nature of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Arabian Shield: Mantle xenoliths from southern Syria. Precambrian Research, 172(3-4), 323-333.
Trifonov, V. G., Dodonov, A. E., Sharkov, E. V., Golovin, D. I., Chernyshev, I. V., Lebedev, V. A., ... & Minini, H. (2011). New data on the Late Cenozoic basaltic volcanism in Syria, applied to its origin. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 199(3-4), 177-192.
Woolley, Alan R. (2019) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. Part 4: Antarctica, Asia and Europe (excluding the former USSR), Australasia and Oceanic Islands. The Geological Society of London. doi:10.1144/mpar4p.208
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