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Teviothead Volcanic Complex, Teviothead, Scottish Borders, Scotland, UKi
Regional Level Types
Teviothead Volcanic ComplexVolcanic Complex
TeviotheadCivil Parish
Scottish BordersCouncil Area
ScotlandCountry
UKCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
55° 20' 17'' North , 2° 56' 22'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
55.33810,-2.93950
GRN:
N37W02
Type:
Volcanic Complex
Age:
358.9 ± 0.4 to 252.17 ± 0.06 Ma
Geologic Time:
Paleozoic : Carboniferous to Permian
Köppen climate type:
Cfb : Temperate oceanic climate
Mindat Locality ID:
405056
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:405056:1
GUID (UUID V4):
0


A series of lavas and tuffs known as Birrenswark, Kershopefoot and Kelso lavas and the Glencartholm volcanic group, occurs in a NE-trending zone in Southern Scotland, c. 100 km long and up to 25 km wide, stretching from just east of Dumfries to near Kelso (Leeder 1974).

There are also over 50 discrete volcanic plugs, which are occupied by agglomerates and other intrusive materials, and a number of sills and dikes (Upton et al. 2007).

Coordinates are for for Teviothead village (approx. centre of belt)

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


6 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded


Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
References:
Elliot, R. W. & Howells, M.F. 1967. Petrography of the igneous rocks. In: Lumsden, G.I., Tulloch, W., Howells, M.F. & Davies, A. (eds) The geology of the Neighbourhood of Langholm. Geological Survey of Scotland, Memoirs. HMSO, Edinburgh, 192-206.
McRobert, R. W. (1914). Acid and intermediate intrusions and associated ash-necks in the neighbourhood of Melrose (Roxburghshire). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 70(1-4), 303-315. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1914.070.01-04.17
McRobert, R. W. (1920). Igneous rocks of Teviot and Liddesdale. Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society, 11(1), 86-103. doi.org/10.1144/transed.11.1.86
Francis, E. H. (1967). Review of Carboniferous-Permian volcanicity in Scotland. Geologische Rundschau, 57(1), 219-246. doi.org/10.1007/BF01825726
Leeder, M. R. (1975). The origin of the Northumberland basin. Scottish Journal of Geology, 10(4), 283-296. doi.org/10.1144/sjg10040283
Macdonald, R. (1976). Petrochemistry of the early Carboniferous (Dinantian) lavas of Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 11(4), 269-314. doi.org/10.1144/sjg11040269
Francis, E. H. (1991). Carboniferous-Permian igneous rocks. Geology of Scotland, 393-420.
Upton, B. G. J., Stephenson, D., & Ellam, R. M. (2007). Silica-undersaturated trachytic rocks of central Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 43(2), 143-153. doi.org/10.1144/sjg43020143
ⓘ Aegirine-augite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
References:
Elliot, R. W. & Howells, M.F. 1967. Petrography of the igneous rocks. In: Lumsden, G.I., Tulloch, W., Howells, M.F. & Davies, A. (eds) The geology of the Neighbourhood of Langholm. Geological Survey of Scotland, Memoirs. HMSO, Edinburgh, 192-206.
McRobert, R. W. (1914). Acid and intermediate intrusions and associated ash-necks in the neighbourhood of Melrose (Roxburghshire). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 70(1-4), 303-315. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1914.070.01-04.17
McRobert, R. W. (1920). Igneous rocks of Teviot and Liddesdale. Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society, 11(1), 86-103. doi.org/10.1144/transed.11.1.86
Francis, E. H. (1967). Review of Carboniferous-Permian volcanicity in Scotland. Geologische Rundschau, 57(1), 219-246. doi.org/10.1007/BF01825726
Leeder, M. R. (1975). The origin of the Northumberland basin. Scottish Journal of Geology, 10(4), 283-296. doi.org/10.1144/sjg10040283
Macdonald, R. (1976). Petrochemistry of the early Carboniferous (Dinantian) lavas of Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 11(4), 269-314. doi.org/10.1144/sjg11040269
Francis, E. H. (1991). Carboniferous-Permian igneous rocks. Geology of Scotland, 393-420.
Upton, B. G. J., Stephenson, D., & Ellam, R. M. (2007). Silica-undersaturated trachytic rocks of central Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 43(2), 143-153. doi.org/10.1144/sjg43020143
ⓘ 'Hypersthene'
Formula: (Mg,Fe)SiO3
References:
Elliot, R. W. & Howells, M.F. 1967. Petrography of the igneous rocks. In: Lumsden, G.I., Tulloch, W., Howells, M.F. & Davies, A. (eds) The geology of the Neighbourhood of Langholm. Geological Survey of Scotland, Memoirs. HMSO, Edinburgh, 192-206.
McRobert, R. W. (1914). Acid and intermediate intrusions and associated ash-necks in the neighbourhood of Melrose (Roxburghshire). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 70(1-4), 303-315. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1914.070.01-04.17
McRobert, R. W. (1920). Igneous rocks of Teviot and Liddesdale. Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society, 11(1), 86-103. doi.org/10.1144/transed.11.1.86
Francis, E. H. (1967). Review of Carboniferous-Permian volcanicity in Scotland. Geologische Rundschau, 57(1), 219-246. doi.org/10.1007/BF01825726
Leeder, M. R. (1975). The origin of the Northumberland basin. Scottish Journal of Geology, 10(4), 283-296. doi.org/10.1144/sjg10040283
Macdonald, R. (1976). Petrochemistry of the early Carboniferous (Dinantian) lavas of Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 11(4), 269-314. doi.org/10.1144/sjg11040269
Francis, E. H. (1991). Carboniferous-Permian igneous rocks. Geology of Scotland, 393-420.
Upton, B. G. J., Stephenson, D., & Ellam, R. M. (2007). Silica-undersaturated trachytic rocks of central Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 43(2), 143-153. doi.org/10.1144/sjg43020143
ⓘ Nepheline
Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
References:
Elliot, R. W. & Howells, M.F. 1967. Petrography of the igneous rocks. In: Lumsden, G.I., Tulloch, W., Howells, M.F. & Davies, A. (eds) The geology of the Neighbourhood of Langholm. Geological Survey of Scotland, Memoirs. HMSO, Edinburgh, 192-206.
McRobert, R. W. (1914). Acid and intermediate intrusions and associated ash-necks in the neighbourhood of Melrose (Roxburghshire). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 70(1-4), 303-315. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1914.070.01-04.17
McRobert, R. W. (1920). Igneous rocks of Teviot and Liddesdale. Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society, 11(1), 86-103. doi.org/10.1144/transed.11.1.86
Francis, E. H. (1967). Review of Carboniferous-Permian volcanicity in Scotland. Geologische Rundschau, 57(1), 219-246. doi.org/10.1007/BF01825726
Leeder, M. R. (1975). The origin of the Northumberland basin. Scottish Journal of Geology, 10(4), 283-296. doi.org/10.1144/sjg10040283
Macdonald, R. (1976). Petrochemistry of the early Carboniferous (Dinantian) lavas of Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 11(4), 269-314. doi.org/10.1144/sjg11040269
Francis, E. H. (1991). Carboniferous-Permian igneous rocks. Geology of Scotland, 393-420.
Upton, B. G. J., Stephenson, D., & Ellam, R. M. (2007). Silica-undersaturated trachytic rocks of central Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 43(2), 143-153. doi.org/10.1144/sjg43020143
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
References:
Elliot, R. W. & Howells, M.F. 1967. Petrography of the igneous rocks. In: Lumsden, G.I., Tulloch, W., Howells, M.F. & Davies, A. (eds) The geology of the Neighbourhood of Langholm. Geological Survey of Scotland, Memoirs. HMSO, Edinburgh, 192-206.
McRobert, R. W. (1914). Acid and intermediate intrusions and associated ash-necks in the neighbourhood of Melrose (Roxburghshire). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 70(1-4), 303-315. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1914.070.01-04.17
McRobert, R. W. (1920). Igneous rocks of Teviot and Liddesdale. Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society, 11(1), 86-103. doi.org/10.1144/transed.11.1.86
Francis, E. H. (1967). Review of Carboniferous-Permian volcanicity in Scotland. Geologische Rundschau, 57(1), 219-246. doi.org/10.1007/BF01825726
Leeder, M. R. (1975). The origin of the Northumberland basin. Scottish Journal of Geology, 10(4), 283-296. doi.org/10.1144/sjg10040283
Macdonald, R. (1976). Petrochemistry of the early Carboniferous (Dinantian) lavas of Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 11(4), 269-314. doi.org/10.1144/sjg11040269
Francis, E. H. (1991). Carboniferous-Permian igneous rocks. Geology of Scotland, 393-420.
Upton, B. G. J., Stephenson, D., & Ellam, R. M. (2007). Silica-undersaturated trachytic rocks of central Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 43(2), 143-153. doi.org/10.1144/sjg43020143
ⓘ Riebeckite
Formula: ◻Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2
References:
Elliot, R. W. & Howells, M.F. 1967. Petrography of the igneous rocks. In: Lumsden, G.I., Tulloch, W., Howells, M.F. & Davies, A. (eds) The geology of the Neighbourhood of Langholm. Geological Survey of Scotland, Memoirs. HMSO, Edinburgh, 192-206.
McRobert, R. W. (1914). Acid and intermediate intrusions and associated ash-necks in the neighbourhood of Melrose (Roxburghshire). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 70(1-4), 303-315. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1914.070.01-04.17
McRobert, R. W. (1920). Igneous rocks of Teviot and Liddesdale. Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society, 11(1), 86-103. doi.org/10.1144/transed.11.1.86
Francis, E. H. (1967). Review of Carboniferous-Permian volcanicity in Scotland. Geologische Rundschau, 57(1), 219-246. doi.org/10.1007/BF01825726
Leeder, M. R. (1975). The origin of the Northumberland basin. Scottish Journal of Geology, 10(4), 283-296. doi.org/10.1144/sjg10040283
Macdonald, R. (1976). Petrochemistry of the early Carboniferous (Dinantian) lavas of Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 11(4), 269-314. doi.org/10.1144/sjg11040269
Francis, E. H. (1991). Carboniferous-Permian igneous rocks. Geology of Scotland, 393-420.
Upton, B. G. J., Stephenson, D., & Ellam, R. M. (2007). Silica-undersaturated trachytic rocks of central Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 43(2), 143-153. doi.org/10.1144/sjg43020143
ⓘ Sanidine
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
References:
Elliot, R. W. & Howells, M.F. 1967. Petrography of the igneous rocks. In: Lumsden, G.I., Tulloch, W., Howells, M.F. & Davies, A. (eds) The geology of the Neighbourhood of Langholm. Geological Survey of Scotland, Memoirs. HMSO, Edinburgh, 192-206.
McRobert, R. W. (1914). Acid and intermediate intrusions and associated ash-necks in the neighbourhood of Melrose (Roxburghshire). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 70(1-4), 303-315. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1914.070.01-04.17
McRobert, R. W. (1920). Igneous rocks of Teviot and Liddesdale. Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society, 11(1), 86-103. doi.org/10.1144/transed.11.1.86
Francis, E. H. (1967). Review of Carboniferous-Permian volcanicity in Scotland. Geologische Rundschau, 57(1), 219-246. doi.org/10.1007/BF01825726
Leeder, M. R. (1975). The origin of the Northumberland basin. Scottish Journal of Geology, 10(4), 283-296. doi.org/10.1144/sjg10040283
Macdonald, R. (1976). Petrochemistry of the early Carboniferous (Dinantian) lavas of Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 11(4), 269-314. doi.org/10.1144/sjg11040269
Francis, E. H. (1991). Carboniferous-Permian igneous rocks. Geology of Scotland, 393-420.
Upton, B. G. J., Stephenson, D., & Ellam, R. M. (2007). Silica-undersaturated trachytic rocks of central Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 43(2), 143-153. doi.org/10.1144/sjg43020143

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘAegirine-augite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘAegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
ⓘRiebeckite9.DE.25◻Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘNepheline9.FA.05Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
ⓘSanidine9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
ⓘ'Hypersthene'-(Mg,Fe)SiO3

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
OOxygen
Oⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Oⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Oⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Oⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
NaSodium
Naⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Naⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Naⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Naⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
AlAluminium
Alⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Alⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Alⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
SiSilicon
Siⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Siⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Siⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Siⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
KPotassium
Kⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Kⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
FeIron
Feⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Feⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Feⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Feⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

British and Irish IslesGroup of Islands
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
EuropeContinent

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Elliot, R. W. & Howells, M.F. 1967. Petrography of the igneous rocks. In: Lumsden, G.I., Tulloch, W., Howells, M.F. & Davies, A. (eds) The geology of the Neighbourhood of Langholm. Geological Survey of Scotland, Memoirs. HMSO, Edinburgh, 192-206.
McRobert, R. W. (1914). Acid and intermediate intrusions and associated ash-necks in the neighbourhood of Melrose (Roxburghshire). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 70(1-4), 303-315. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1914.070.01-04.17
McRobert, R. W. (1920). Igneous rocks of Teviot and Liddesdale. Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society, 11(1), 86-103. doi.org/10.1144/transed.11.1.86
Francis, E. H. (1967). Review of Carboniferous-Permian volcanicity in Scotland. Geologische Rundschau, 57(1), 219-246. doi.org/10.1007/BF01825726
Leeder, M. R. (1975). The origin of the Northumberland basin. Scottish Journal of Geology, 10(4), 283-296. doi.org/10.1144/sjg10040283
Macdonald, R. (1976). Petrochemistry of the early Carboniferous (Dinantian) lavas of Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 11(4), 269-314. doi.org/10.1144/sjg11040269
Francis, E. H. (1991). Carboniferous-Permian igneous rocks. Geology of Scotland, 393-420.
Upton, B. G. J., Stephenson, D., & Ellam, R. M. (2007). Silica-undersaturated trachytic rocks of central Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 43(2), 143-153. doi.org/10.1144/sjg43020143
Woolley, Alan R. (2019) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. Part 4: Antarctica, Asia and Europe (excluding the former USSR), Australasia and Oceanic Islands. The Geological Society of London. doi:10.1144/mpar4
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