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Lost City Hydrothermal Field, Atlantis Massif, Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex, Atlantic Oceani
Regional Level Types
Lost City Hydrothermal FieldGroup of Hydrothermal Vents
Atlantis MassifMassif
Mid-Atlantic Ridge complexMid-Ocean Ridge
Atlantic OceanOcean

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PhotosMapsSearch
08783620017272419333704.jpg
A white carbonate spire

Lost City Hydrothermal Field, Atlantis Massif, Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex, Atlantic Ocean
08783620017272419333704.jpg
A white carbonate spire

Lost City Hydrothermal Field, Atlantis Massif, Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex, Atlantic Ocean
08783620017272419333704.jpg
A white carbonate spire

Lost City Hydrothermal Field, Atlantis Massif, Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex, Atlantic Ocean
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
30° 7' North , 42° 7' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
30.11667,-42.11667
GeoHash:
G#: ej653ded6
GRN:
N21W26
Type:
Group of Hydrothermal Vents
Mindat Locality ID:
418509
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:418509:6
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Lost City


An area of marine serpentinite-hosted alkaline hydrothermal vents.
Located 15 km west of the spreading axis of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

Venting of basic, 40–91°C, metal-poor hydrothermal fluids with high concentrations of dissolved hydrogen, methane, and other low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons.

"A long-lived site of active and inactive ultramafic-hosted serpentinization, abiotically producing many simple molecules such as methane and hydrogen which are fundamental to microbial life. As such it has generated scientific interest as a prime location for investigating the origin of life on Earth and other planets similar to it." (Wikipedia)

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


25 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ Amakinite
Formula: Fe2+(OH)2
ⓘ Amesite
Formula: Mg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Andradite var. Hydroandradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
ⓘ Antigorite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ Awaruite
Formula: Ni3Fe
ⓘ Brucite
Formula: Mg(OH)2
References:
Kelley D. S., Karson J. A., Blackman D. K., Fru¨h-Green G. L., Butterfield D. A., Lilley M. D., Olson E., Schrenk M. O., Roe K., Lebon G. T.
Lein, A. Yu.
Galkin, S. V.
Maslennikov, V. V.
Bogdanov, Yu. A.
Bogdanova, O. Yu.
Dara, O. M.
Rivissigno P. and the AT3-60 Shipboard Party (2001) An off-axis hydrothermal vent field near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 30°N. Nature 412, 145-149.
Ludwig K. A., Kelley D. S., Butterfield D. A., Nelson B. K. and Früh-Green G. L. (2006) Formation and evolution of carbonate chimneys at the Lost City Hydrothermal Field. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 70, 3625-3645.
Ivanov, M. V. (2007). A new type of carbonate rocks on the ocean floor (Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 30°07′ N). Doklady Earth Sciences 412 (1): 136-140.
Beard, J. S., Frost, B. R., Fryer, P., McCaig, A., Searle, R., Ildefonse, B., ... & Sharma, S. K. (2009). Onset and progression of serpentinization and magnetite formation in olivine-rich troctolite from IODP Hole U1309D. Journal of Petrology, 50(3), 387-403.
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
References:
Kelley D. S., Karson J. A., Blackman D. K., Fru¨h-Green G. L., Butterfield D. A., Lilley M. D., Olson E., Schrenk M. O., Roe K., Lebon G. T.
Lein, A. Yu.
Galkin, S. V.
Maslennikov, V. V.
Bogdanov, Yu. A.
Bogdanova, O. Yu.
Dara, O. M.
Rivissigno P. and the AT3-60 Shipboard Party (2001) An off-axis hydrothermal vent field near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 30°N. Nature 412, 145-149.
Ludwig K. A., Kelley D. S., Butterfield D. A., Nelson B. K. and Früh-Green G. L. (2006) Formation and evolution of carbonate chimneys at the Lost City Hydrothermal Field. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 70, 3625-3645.
Ivanov, M. V. (2007). A new type of carbonate rocks on the ocean floor (Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 30°07′ N). Doklady Earth Sciences 412 (1): 136-140.
Delacour, Adélie, Früh-Green, Gretchen L., Bernasconi, Stefano M., Kelley, Deborah S. (2008) Sulfur in peridotites and gabbros at Lost City (30°N, MAR): Implications for hydrothermal alteration and microbial activity during serpentinization. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 72 (20) 5090-5110 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2008.07.017
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'
ⓘ Chrysotile
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
ⓘ Copper
Formula: Cu
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
ⓘ 'Ferritchromit'
ⓘ Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Grossular var. Hydrogrossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ 'Hydrogarnet'
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
ⓘ Lizardite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ 'Manganese Oxides'
ⓘ 'Olivine Group'
Formula: M2SiO4
ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'
ⓘ Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ Prehnite
Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
ⓘ Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘ Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Wairauite
Formula: CoFe
ⓘ 'Zeolite Group'

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘCopper1.AA.05Cu
ⓘWairauite1.AE.15CoFe
ⓘAwaruite1.AE.20Ni3Fe
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘPentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘAmakinite4.FE.05Fe2+(OH)2
ⓘBrucite4.FE.05Mg(OH)2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘAragonite5.AB.15CaCO3
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘChrysotile9.00.Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘAndradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘGrossular9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘAndradite
var. Hydroandradite		9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
ⓘGrossular
var. Hydrogrossular		9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘActinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘTremolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘPrehnite9.DP.20Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘTalc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘClinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘAmesite9.ED.15Mg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
ⓘAntigorite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘLizardite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ'Zeolite Group'9.G0.
Unclassified
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Serpentine Subgroup
var. Bastite'		-D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
ⓘ'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ'Manganese Oxides'-
ⓘ'Olivine Group'-M2SiO4
ⓘ'Hydrogarnet'-
ⓘ'Ferritchromit'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ AmakiniteFe2+(OH)2
Hⓘ AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
Hⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Hⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Hⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Hⓘ Andradite var. HydroandraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Hⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Hⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Hⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
CCarbon
Cⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ AmakiniteFe2+(OH)2
Oⓘ AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
Oⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Oⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Oⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Oⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Andradite var. HydroandraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Oⓘ Grossular var. HydrogrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Oⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
FFluorine
Fⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
NaSodium
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Mgⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mgⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mgⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
AlAluminium
Alⓘ AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
Alⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Alⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Alⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ Grossular var. HydrogrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
Siⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Siⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Siⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Andradite var. HydroandraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Siⓘ Grossular var. HydrogrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Siⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Siⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
SSulfur
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
ClChlorine
Clⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Caⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ Andradite var. HydroandraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Caⓘ Grossular var. HydrogrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Caⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
MnManganese
Mnⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
FeIron
Feⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ AmakiniteFe2+(OH)2
Feⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ AwaruiteNi3Fe
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ Andradite var. HydroandraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ WairauiteCoFe
Feⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
CoCobalt
Coⓘ WairauiteCoFe
NiNickel
Niⓘ AwaruiteNi3Fe
Niⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Niⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
CuCopper
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ CopperCu
ZnZinc
Znⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. BastiteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost_City_Hydrothermal_Field
Wikidata ID:Q521459

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Atlantic OceanOcean
North America PlateTectonic Plate

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References

Kelley D. S., Karson J. A., Blackman D. K., Fru¨h-Green G. L., Butterfield D. A., Lilley M. D., Olson E., Schrenk M. O., Roe K., Lebon G. T.; Rivissigno P. and the AT3-60 Shipboard Party (2001) An off-axis hydrothermal vent field near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 30°N. Nature 412, 145-149.
Blackman, Donna K.; Karson, Jeffrey A.; Kelley, Deborah S.; Cann, Johnson R.; Früh-Green, Gretchen L.; Gee, Jeffrey S.; Hurst, Stephen D.; John, Barbara E.; Morgan, Jennifer (2002). Geology of the Atlantis Massif (Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 30° N): Implications for the evolution of an ultramafic oceanic core complex. Marine Geophysical Researches 23 (5/6): 443-469.
Kelley, Deborah; Früh-Green, Gretchen; Karson, Jeffrey; Ludwig, Kristin (2007). The Lost City Hydrothermal Field Revisited. Oceanography 20 (4): 90-99.
Lein, A. Yu.; Galkin, S. V.; Maslennikov, V. V.; Bogdanov, Yu. A.; Bogdanova, O. Yu.; Dara, O. M.; Ivanov, M. V. (2007). A new type of carbonate rocks on the ocean floor (Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 30°07′ N). Doklady Earth Sciences 412 (1): 136-140.
Delacour, Adélie, Früh-Green, Gretchen L., Bernasconi, Stefano M., Kelley, Deborah S. (2008) Sulfur in peridotites and gabbros at Lost City (30°N, MAR): Implications for hydrothermal alteration and microbial activity during serpentinization. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 72 (20) 5090-5110 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2008.07.017
Beard, J. S., Frost, B. R., Fryer, P., McCaig, A., Searle, R., Ildefonse, B., ... & Sharma, S. K. (2009). Onset and progression of serpentinization and magnetite formation in olivine-rich troctolite from IODP Hole U1309D. Journal of Petrology, 50(3), 387-403.
Ludwig, Kristin A.; Shen, Chuan-Chou; Kelley, Deborah S.; Cheng, Hai; Edwards, R. Lawrence (2011). U–Th systematics and 230Th ages of carbonate chimneys at the Lost City Hydrothermal Field. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 75 (7): 1869-1888.
Trolard, F., Duval, S., Nitschke, W., Ménez, B., Pisapia, C., Nacib, J. B., ... & Bourrié, G. (2022). Mineralogy, geochemistry and occurrences of fougerite in a modern hydrothermal system and its implications for the origin of life. Earth-Science Reviews, 225, 103910.
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