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Bikita pegmatite, Bikita District, Masvingo, Zimbabwei
Regional Level Types
Bikita pegmatitePegmatite (Active)
Bikita DistrictDistrict
MasvingoProvince
ZimbabweCountry

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PhotosMapsSearchMineralogy
08473220017272017201868.jpg
Eucryptite

Bikita pegmatite, Bikita District, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
00031680017272017232865.jpg
Petalite

Bikita pegmatite, Bikita District, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
09485410017272017246295.jpg
Eucryptite

Bikita pegmatite, Bikita District, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
08473220017272017201868.jpg
Eucryptite

Bikita pegmatite, Bikita District, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
00031680017272017232865.jpg
Petalite

Bikita pegmatite, Bikita District, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
09485410017272017246295.jpg
Eucryptite

Bikita pegmatite, Bikita District, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
08473220017272017201868.jpg
Eucryptite

Bikita pegmatite, Bikita District, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
08657720017272017361023.jpg
Petalite

Bikita pegmatite, Bikita District, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
19° 57' 47'' South , 31° 25' 39'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
-19.96318,31.42776
GRN:
S14E21
Type:
Pegmatite (Active) - last checked 2024
Köppen climate type:
Cwa : Monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate
Mindat Locality ID:
4351
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:4351:2
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Bikita Minerals Mine


A Li-Sn-Cs-rich pegmatite 40 miles (ca. 64 km) E of Masvingo (known as Fort Victoria until 1982).

The total ore reserve is claimed at over 11 million tonnes, in production for over 60 years, producing and marketing over 60,000 tonnes of Li- and Cs-ore per year. (Ref: private communication from CEO of Bikita Minerals, 3rd April 2007 – J. Ralph)

The largest petalite deposit in the world.

In June 2022 the Sinomine Resource Group company bought the Bikita mine for $200 million.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


29 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded


Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Allophane
Formula: (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
ⓘ Amblygonite
Formula: LiAl(PO4)F
ⓘ 'Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series'
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3A
ⓘ Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
ⓘ Beryl
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘ Bijvoetite-(Y)
Formula: Y8(UO2)16(CO3)16O8(OH)8 · 39H2O
ⓘ Bikitaite
Formula: LiAlSi2O6 · H2O
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ Cassiterite
Formula: SnO2
ⓘ 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
ⓘ Eucryptite
Formula: LiAlSiO4
ⓘ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
ⓘ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Hafnon
Formula: Hf(SiO4)
ⓘ Hydrobiotite
Formula: K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O
ⓘ 'Lepidolite'
ⓘ Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ 'Microlite Group'
Formula: A2-mTa2X6-wZ1-n
ⓘ Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
References:
Zhao Baisheng's CollectionIdentified by Ralph S Bottrill: Visual Identification
ⓘ Montebrasite
Formula: LiAl(PO4)(OH)
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Native Tantalum'
Formula: Ta
ⓘ Petalite
Formula: LiAl(Si4O10)
ⓘ Pollucite
Formula: (Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Simpsonite
Formula: Al4Ta3O13(OH)
ⓘ Spodumene
Formula: LiAlSi2O6
ⓘ 'Stilbite Subgroup'
Formula: M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
ⓘ 'Tantalite'
Formula: (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)
Formula: Mn2+Ta2O6
ⓘ 'Tapiolite'
Formula: (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘ Topaz
Formula: Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
ⓘ 'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ Zabuyelite
Formula: Li2CO3
Description: Found in fluid inclusions in spodumene.
ⓘ 'Zinnwaldite'
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ'Native Tantalum'1.AH.15Ta
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘMolybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
ⓘArsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ'Microlite Group'4.00.A2-mTa2X6-wZ1-n
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘCassiterite4.DB.05SnO2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
ⓘTantalite-(Mn)4.DB.35Mn2+Ta2O6
ⓘSimpsonite4.DC.10Al4Ta3O13(OH)
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘZabuyelite5.AA.05Li2CO3
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘBijvoetite-(Y)5.EB.20Y8(UO2)16(CO3)16O8(OH)8 · 39H2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘAmblygonite8.BB.05LiAl(PO4)F
ⓘMontebrasite8.BB.05LiAl(PO4)(OH)
ⓘFluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘEucryptite9.AA.05LiAlSiO4
ⓘHafnon9.AD.30Hf(SiO4)
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘTopaz9.AF.35Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
ⓘBeryl9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘSpodumene9.DA.30LiAlSi2O6
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘHydrobiotite9.EC.60K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O
ⓘAllophane9.ED.20(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
ⓘPetalite9.EF.05LiAl(Si4O10)
ⓘMicrocline9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘPollucite9.GB.05(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
ⓘBikitaite9.GD.55LiAlSi2O6 · H2O
Unclassified
ⓘ'Lepidolite'-
ⓘ'Stilbite Subgroup'-M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
ⓘ'Tantalite'-(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ'Tapiolite'-(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ'Tourmaline'-AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Zinnwaldite'-
ⓘ'Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series'-
ⓘ'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'-
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3A

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Hⓘ Bijvoetite-(Y)Y8(UO2)16(CO3)16O8(OH)8 · 39H2O
Hⓘ BikitaiteLiAlSi2O6 · H2O
Hⓘ HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O
Hⓘ MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Hⓘ SimpsoniteAl4Ta3O13(OH)
Hⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Hⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Hⓘ Zinnwaldite
Hⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
LiLithium
Liⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Liⓘ BikitaiteLiAlSi2O6 · H2O
Liⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Liⓘ MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Liⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Liⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Liⓘ ZabuyeliteLi2CO3
Liⓘ Zinnwaldite
Liⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
BeBeryllium
Beⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
BBoron
Bⓘ TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
CCarbon
Cⓘ Bijvoetite-(Y)Y8(UO2)16(CO3)16O8(OH)8 · 39H2O
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ ZabuyeliteLi2CO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Oⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Oⓘ Bijvoetite-(Y)Y8(UO2)16(CO3)16O8(OH)8 · 39H2O
Oⓘ BikitaiteLiAlSi2O6 · H2O
Oⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Oⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oⓘ HafnonHf(SiO4)
Oⓘ HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O
Oⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Oⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Oⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ RutileTiO2
Oⓘ SimpsoniteAl4Ta3O13(OH)
Oⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Oⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Oⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Oⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Oⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Oⓘ TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oⓘ ZabuyeliteLi2CO3
Oⓘ Zinnwaldite
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
Oⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
FFluorine
Fⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Fⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Fⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Fⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Fⓘ Zinnwaldite
Fⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
NaSodium
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O
AlAluminium
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Alⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Alⓘ BikitaiteLiAlSi2O6 · H2O
Alⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Alⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Alⓘ HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O
Alⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Alⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Alⓘ SimpsoniteAl4Ta3O13(OH)
Alⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Alⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Alⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Alⓘ Zinnwaldite
Alⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
SiSilicon
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Siⓘ BikitaiteLiAlSi2O6 · H2O
Siⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Siⓘ HafnonHf(SiO4)
Siⓘ HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O
Siⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Siⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Siⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Siⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Siⓘ Zinnwaldite
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Pⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pⓘ MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Pⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
SSulfur
Sⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Sⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
Sⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
KPotassium
Kⓘ HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O
Kⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ Zinnwaldite
CaCalcium
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ RutileTiO2
MnManganese
Mnⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Mnⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Mnⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Mnⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
FeIron
Feⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Feⓘ HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O
Feⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Feⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Feⓘ Zinnwaldite
Feⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
CuCopper
Cuⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
AsArsenic
Asⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
YYttrium
Yⓘ Bijvoetite-(Y)Y8(UO2)16(CO3)16O8(OH)8 · 39H2O
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
NbNiobium
Nbⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Nbⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Nbⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
MoMolybdenum
Moⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
SnTin
Snⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
CsCaesium
Csⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
HfHafnium
Hfⓘ HafnonHf(SiO4)
TaTantalum
Taⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Taⓘ Microlite GroupA2-mTa2X6-wZ1-n
Taⓘ SimpsoniteAl4Ta3O13(OH)
Taⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Taⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Taⓘ Native TantalumTa
UUranium
Uⓘ Bijvoetite-(Y)Y8(UO2)16(CO3)16O8(OH)8 · 39H2O

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Neoarchean : 2601 ± 14 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic TimeRocks, Minerals and Events
Precambrian
 Archean
  Neoarchean
ⓘ Zircon2601 ± 14 Ma

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bikita_mine
Wikidata ID:Q16254733

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AfricaContinent
African PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Tyndale-Biscoe, R. (1951) The geology of the Bikita tin-field, Southern Rhodesia. Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa: 54(1): 11-23. https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10120750_2070
Southern Rhodesia Geological Survey (1959) Niobium and Tantalum and Niobium. Zimbabwe Geological Survey, Mineral Resources Survey No. 4.
Hurlbut, Cornelius S. (1962) Eucryptite from Bikita, Southern Rhodesia. American Mineralogist, 47 (5-6) 557-561
Gallagher, M. J. (1967) Phosphates and other minerals in pegmatites of Rhodesia and Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 36 (277) 50-59 doi:10.1180/minmag.1967.036.277.07
Tschernich, Rudy W. (1992) Zeolites of the World. Geoscience Press, Inc. 567pp.
Anderson, A. J., Clark, A. H., Gray, S. (2001) The occurrence and origin of zabuyelite (Li2CO3) in spodumene-hosted fluid inclusions: Implications for the internal evolution of rare-element granitic pegmatites. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39 (6). 1513-1527 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.39.6.1513
Černý, P., Anderson, A. J., Tomascak, P. B., Chapman, R. (2003) Geochemical and morphological features of beryl from the Bikita granitic pegmatite, Zimbabwe. The Canadian Mineralogist, 41 (4) 1003-1011 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.41.4.1003
CEO of Bikita Minerals (2007) Private communication to Jolyon Ralph, Mindat (3 April 2007).
bikitaminerals.com (n.d.) https://bikitaminerals.com/
ejatlas.org (2021) https://ejatlas.org/conflict/bikita
africa.cgtn.com (n.d.) https://africa.cgtn.com/2022/06/17/zimbabwe-breaks-ground-on-300-million-lithium-project/
www.marketscreener.com (n.d.) https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/SINOMINE-RESOURCE-GROUP-C-22283330/news/China-s-Sinomine-invests-200-million-in-Zimbabwe-lithium-project-40753669/
allafrica.com (n.d.) https://allafrica.com/stories/202206170320.html
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