Smelter that processed lateritic nickel ores from the Ržanovo Mine (until 2013) and, subsequently, other international deposits.
Two large slag dumps. "The vast majority of the slag material was firstly deposited on the slag dump near Vozarci village (at an area of 0.32 km2, located 2.5 km south of the smelting facility; Fig. 1a–d), but since 2013, the produced slag has been deposited at the slag dump near Sivec village (at an area of 0.24 km2), closer to the smelter (Fig. 1c). The height of the deposited slag material at both locations is approximately 20 m." (Đorđević et al., 2024).

An important industry in the Kavadarci area is the manufacture of ferronickel in what has become known as the "Nickel Valley". Until 2013, the smelter received at least part of its input ore from the Ržanovo mine, to which it was connected by the world's longest conveyor belt. The company FENI Industries produced between 12000 and 16000 tons of ferronickel annually. The smelter was shut down for a time in around 2018 and re-emerged from a court-administered insolvency process as EuroNickel Industries. (Adapted from Wikipedia.)

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

29 valid minerals.

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Anhydrite

Formula: CaSO₄

References:

Đorđević, Tamara, Tasev, Goran, Aicher, Claudia, Potysz, Anna, Nagl, Peter, Lengauer, Christian L., Pędziwiatr, Artur, Serafimovski, Todor, Boev, Ivan, Boev, Blažo (2024) Mineralogy and environmental stability of metallurgical slags from the Euronickel smelter, Vozarci, North Macedonia. Applied Geochemistry, 170. 106068 doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106068

ⓘ Aphthitalite

Formula: (K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂

References:

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

References:

ⓘ Calcio-olivine

Formula: Ca₂SiO₄

References:

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

ⓘ Clinoenstatite

Formula: MgSiO₃

References:

ⓘ Cristobalite

Formula: SiO₂

References:

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

References:

ⓘ Enstatite

Formula: Mg₂Si₂O₆

References:

ⓘ Ferrosilite

Formula: Fe²⁺₂Si₂O₆

References:

ⓘ Forsterite

Formula: Mg₂(SiO₄)

References:

ⓘ 'Glass'

References:

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

References:

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

ⓘ Kirschsteinite

Formula: CaFe²⁺(SiO₄)

References:

ⓘ Larnite

Formula: Ca₂SiO₄

References:

ⓘ 'Limonite'

References:

ⓘ Magnesiochromite

Formula: MgCr₂O₄

References:

ⓘ Magnesioferrite

Formula: MgFe³⁺₂O₄

References:

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

ⓘ Native Iron

Formula: Fe

References:

ⓘ Native Sulphur

Formula: S₈

References:

ⓘ Pentlandite

Formula: (Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈

References:

ⓘ Pigeonite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

References:

ⓘ Powellite

Formula: Ca(MoO₄)

References:

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

ⓘ Syngenite

Formula: K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O

References:

ⓘ Tetrataenite

Formula: FeNi

References:

ⓘ Trevorite

Formula: Ni²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

ⓘ 'Unnamed (Nickel-Iron Alloy)'

Formula: Ni₃Fe₂

References:

ⓘ Wüstite

Formula: FeO

References:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Iron	1.AE.05	Fe
ⓘ	Tetrataenite	1.AE.10	FeNi
ⓘ	Native Sulphur	1.CC.05	S₈
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Pentlandite	2.BB.15	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Wüstite	4.AB.25	FeO
ⓘ	Magnesiochromite	4.BB.05	MgCr₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnesioferrite	4.BB.05	MgFe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Trevorite	4.BB.05	Ni²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Cristobalite	4.DA.15	SiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Aphthitalite	7.AC.35	(K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂
ⓘ	Anhydrite	7.AD.30	CaSO₄
ⓘ	Syngenite	7.CD.35	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Powellite	7.GA.05	Ca(MoO₄)
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Forsterite	9.AC.05	Mg₂(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Kirschsteinite	9.AC.05	CaFe²⁺(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Larnite	9.AD.05	Ca₂SiO₄
ⓘ	Calcio-olivine	9.AD.10	Ca₂SiO₄
ⓘ	Enstatite	9.DA.05	Mg₂Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Ferrosilite	9.DA.05	Fe²⁺₂Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Clinoenstatite	9.DA.10	MgSiO₃
ⓘ	Pigeonite	9.DA.10	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Limonite'	-
ⓘ	'Glass'	-
ⓘ	'Unnamed (Nickel-Iron Alloy)'	-	Ni₃Fe₂

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Syngenite	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
O	ⓘ Aphthitalite	(K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Clinoenstatite	MgSiO₃
O	ⓘ Cristobalite	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Ferrosilite	Fe₂²⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Forsterite	Mg₂(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Kirschsteinite	CaFe²⁺(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Larnite	Ca₂SiO₄
O	ⓘ Magnesiochromite	MgCr₂O₄
O	ⓘ Magnesioferrite	MgFe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Pigeonite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Powellite	Ca(MoO₄)
O	ⓘ Syngenite	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
O	ⓘ Trevorite	Ni²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Wüstite	FeO
O	ⓘ Calcio-olivine	Ca₂SiO₄
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aphthitalite	(K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Clinoenstatite	MgSiO₃
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Forsterite	Mg₂(SiO₄)
Mg	ⓘ Magnesiochromite	MgCr₂O₄
Mg	ⓘ Magnesioferrite	MgFe₂³⁺O₄
Mg	ⓘ Pigeonite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Clinoenstatite	MgSiO₃
Si	ⓘ Cristobalite	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Ferrosilite	Fe₂²⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Forsterite	Mg₂(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Kirschsteinite	CaFe²⁺(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Larnite	Ca₂SiO₄
Si	ⓘ Pigeonite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Calcio-olivine	Ca₂SiO₄
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
S	ⓘ Aphthitalite	(K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Native Sulphur	S₈
S	ⓘ Syngenite	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Aphthitalite	(K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂
K	ⓘ Syngenite	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Kirschsteinite	CaFe²⁺(SiO₄)
Ca	ⓘ Larnite	Ca₂SiO₄
Ca	ⓘ Pigeonite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Powellite	Ca(MoO₄)
Ca	ⓘ Syngenite	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Calcio-olivine	Ca₂SiO₄
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Magnesiochromite	MgCr₂O₄
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Ferrosilite	Fe₂²⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Native Iron	Fe
Fe	ⓘ Kirschsteinite	CaFe²⁺(SiO₄)
Fe	ⓘ Magnesioferrite	MgFe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Fe	ⓘ Pigeonite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Tetrataenite	FeNi
Fe	ⓘ Trevorite	Ni²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Wüstite	FeO
Fe	ⓘ Unnamed (Nickel-Iron Alloy)	Ni₃Fe₂
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Ni	ⓘ Tetrataenite	FeNi
Ni	ⓘ Trevorite	Ni²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Ni	ⓘ Unnamed (Nickel-Iron Alloy)	Ni₃Fe₂
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Mo	Molybdenum
Mo	ⓘ Powellite	Ca(MoO₄)

Other Databases

Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kavadarci
Wikidata ID:	Q158088

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

DinaridesAccretionary Complex

EuropeContinent

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

T. Đorđević, P. Nagl, C. L. Lengauer, U. Kolitsch, G. Tasev, T. Serafimovski, I. Boev and B. Boev (2023): First insights into mineralogy and weathering of the slags produced by smelting lateritic Ni ore at Vozarci, North Macedonia. EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24-28 April 2023; EGU23-15985, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-15985.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kavadarci#Ferronickel_smelter

Boev, B., Bermanec, V. (2005). Phase composition of the slag of the Feni Industry metallurgical plant and its impact on the environment. In: Boev, B., Serafimovski, T. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on the Project Anthropogenic Effects on the Human Environments in Tertiary Basins in the Mediterranean. Štip: Faculty of Mining and Geology, pp. 57–67.

Quick NavTop Mineral List Other Databases Other Regions References

Mindat.org® is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Mindat® and mindat.org® are registered trademarks of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2026, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau.
Content on this site may not be used to train, fine-tune, or otherwise develop artificial intelligence or machine learning models without prior written permission - see our Terms & Conditions.
To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: October 20, 2026 01:56:09 Page updated: December 15, 2025 06:27:53

Go to top of page