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Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai County, Nanyang, Henan, Chinai
Regional Level Types
Laowan Au depositDeposit
Tongbai CountyCounty
NanyangPrefecture-level City
HenanProvince
ChinaCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
32° 28' 30'' North , 113° 21' 29'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
32.47500,113.35833
GRN:
N22E69
Type:
Deposit
Köppen climate type:
Cwa : Monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate
Mindat Locality ID:
64746
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:64746:0
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Name(s) in local language(s):
老湾金矿, 桐柏县, 南阳市, 河南省, 中国


Metamorphic clastic rock-type gold deposit.

The Laowan gold deposit is hosted by the amphibolites and mica schists from the Guishan Formation. Gold mineralization mainly occurs as dissemination in the altered amphibolite and mica schist, as well as in quartz veins within the Guishan Formation.
Five paragenetic stages have been distinguished with gradually decrease temperature, determined by homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions: (1) metamorphic-diagenetic stage with anhedral pyrite (Py 0) disseminated sparsely along the foliation of wall rocks of the Guishan Formation, (2) pre-ore stage (pyrite I, 337–348°C), which consists of euhedral pyrite (Py I) sparsely disseminated in the early milky quartz veins with no visible gold, and very low gold grades, (3) quartz-pyrite stage (pyrite II – chalcopyrite – gold, 240–256°C), composed of coarse-grained subhedral pyrite (Py II) corroded and veined by chalcopyrite which contains grains of native gold broadly disseminated in smoky-grey quartz veins, (4) quartz-polymetallic sulfide stage (pyrite III – chalcopyrite – galena – sphalerite – tetrahedrite – gold, 210–225°C), characterized by the replacement of subhedral Py II by gold-containing chalcopyrite-tetrahedrite, which is paragenetic with euhedral Py III and which was later corroded and replaced by galena and sphalerite, (5) late quartz-carbonate stage (153°C) of alteration with no gold mineralization.

The Laowan lode-type gold deposit (>208 t Au), controlled by fault zones, is hosted by Mesoproterozoic metamorphic rock of the Guishan Formation (Pt2g) of the Tongbai orogen, China. It comprises the Shangshanghe and Laowan ore segments, which are less than 800 m away from each other. Three types of gold mineralization can be identified, including pyrite-dissminated altered rock type, pyrite-laminated quartz vein and subordinated by massive polymetallic sulfide type.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


23 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded


Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Altaite
Formula: PbTe
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5(T8O22)W2
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3A
ⓘ Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
References:
Wu, R.
Chen, J.
Zhao, J.
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Shucang Yue, Chengrong Pan, and Yongsen Li (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 723-726
Chen, S. (2020) Identifying Geochemical Anomalies Associated with Gold Mineralization Using Factor Analysis and Spectrum–Area Multifractal Model in Laowan District, Qinling-Dabie Metallogenic Belt, Central China. Minerals 10, 229.
Wu, Ruoyu, Chen, Jinduo, Chen, Shouyu, Li, Siyuan, Teng, Lang, Dong, Kai (2023) Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China. Episodes, 46 (2) 133-160 doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2022/022020
Yang, Mei-Zhen, Jiang, Shao-Yong, Zhou, Yang-Yang, Chen, Jiang-Li, Yang, Shui-Yuan (2024) Hydrothermal rutile as a pathfinder for discriminating overprinted magmatic-hydrothermal gold and molybdenum mineralization: The giant Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai orogen, Central China. Ore Geology Reviews, 175. 106344 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106344
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
References:
Wu, R.
Chen, J.
Zhao, J.
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Shucang Yue, Chengrong Pan, and Yongsen Li (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 723-726
Guan Zhang, Denghong Wang, and Faling Li (2008): Geology and Prospecting 44(4), 50-54
Vikent'ev, I. V., Sidorova, N. V., Vikent'eva, O. V., Su, S. G., Luo, Z. H., & Bortnikov, N. S. (2015, June). Tellurides in the Laowan gold deposit (East China): New evidence for a magmatic source of hydrothermal fluids. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 462, No. 2, p. 581). Springer Science & Business Media.
Chen, S. (2020) Identifying Geochemical Anomalies Associated with Gold Mineralization Using Factor Analysis and Spectrum–Area Multifractal Model in Laowan District, Qinling-Dabie Metallogenic Belt, Central China. Minerals 10, 229.
Wu, Ruoyu, Chen, Jinduo, Chen, Shouyu, Li, Siyuan, Teng, Lang, Dong, Kai (2023) Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China. Episodes, 46 (2) 133-160 doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2022/022020
Yang, Mei-Zhen, Jiang, Shao-Yong, Zhou, Yang-Yang, Chen, Jiang-Li, Yang, Shui-Yuan (2024) Hydrothermal rutile as a pathfinder for discriminating overprinted magmatic-hydrothermal gold and molybdenum mineralization: The giant Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai orogen, Central China. Ore Geology Reviews, 175. 106344 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106344
ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'
ⓘ Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
References:
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Shucang Yue, Chengrong Pan, and Yongsen Li (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 723-726
Guan Zhang, Denghong Wang, and Faling Li (2008): Geology and Prospecting 44(4), 50-54
Wu, Ruoyu, Chen, Jinduo, Chen, Shouyu, Li, Siyuan, Teng, Lang, Dong, Kai (2023) Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China. Episodes, 46 (2) 133-160 doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2022/022020
Yang, Mei-Zhen, Jiang, Shao-Yong, Zhou, Yang-Yang, Chen, Jiang-Li, Yang, Shui-Yuan (2024) Hydrothermal rutile as a pathfinder for discriminating overprinted magmatic-hydrothermal gold and molybdenum mineralization: The giant Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai orogen, Central China. Ore Geology Reviews, 175. 106344 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106344
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
References:
Wu, R.
Chen, J.
Zhao, J.
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Shucang Yue, Chengrong Pan, and Yongsen Li (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 723-726
Guan Zhang, Denghong Wang, and Faling Li (2008): Geology and Prospecting 44(4), 50-54
Vikent'ev, I. V., Sidorova, N. V., Vikent'eva, O. V., Su, S. G., Luo, Z. H., & Bortnikov, N. S. (2015, June). Tellurides in the Laowan gold deposit (East China): New evidence for a magmatic source of hydrothermal fluids. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 462, No. 2, p. 581). Springer Science & Business Media.
Chen, S. (2020) Identifying Geochemical Anomalies Associated with Gold Mineralization Using Factor Analysis and Spectrum–Area Multifractal Model in Laowan District, Qinling-Dabie Metallogenic Belt, Central China. Minerals 10, 229.
Wu, Ruoyu, Chen, Jinduo, Chen, Shouyu, Li, Siyuan, Teng, Lang, Dong, Kai (2023) Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China. Episodes, 46 (2) 133-160 doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2022/022020
Yang, Mei-Zhen, Jiang, Shao-Yong, Zhou, Yang-Yang, Chen, Jiang-Li, Yang, Shui-Yuan (2024) Hydrothermal rutile as a pathfinder for discriminating overprinted magmatic-hydrothermal gold and molybdenum mineralization: The giant Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai orogen, Central China. Ore Geology Reviews, 175. 106344 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106344
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Hedleyite
Formula: Bi7Te3
ⓘ Hessite
Formula: Ag2Te
ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ 'Monazite Group'
Formula: REE(PO4)
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
References:
Wu, R.
Chen, J.
Zhao, J.
Qiaoqin Xie, Chengrong Pan, Xiaochun Xu, and Shucang Yue (2003): Journal of Hefei University of Technology (Natural Science) 26(1), 47-52.
Chen, S. (2020) Identifying Geochemical Anomalies Associated with Gold Mineralization Using Factor Analysis and Spectrum–Area Multifractal Model in Laowan District, Qinling-Dabie Metallogenic Belt, Central China. Minerals 10, 229.
Wu, Ruoyu, Chen, Jinduo, Chen, Shouyu, Li, Siyuan, Teng, Lang, Dong, Kai (2023) Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China. Episodes, 46 (2) 133-160 doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2022/022020
Yang, Mei-Zhen, Jiang, Shao-Yong, Zhou, Yang-Yang, Chen, Jiang-Li, Yang, Shui-Yuan (2024) Hydrothermal rutile as a pathfinder for discriminating overprinted magmatic-hydrothermal gold and molybdenum mineralization: The giant Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai orogen, Central China. Ore Geology Reviews, 175. 106344 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106344
ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
References:
Wu, R.
Chen, J.
Zhao, J.
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Shucang Yue, Chengrong Pan, and Yongsen Li (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 723-726
Vikent'ev, I. V., Sidorova, N. V., Vikent'eva, O. V., Su, S. G., Luo, Z. H., & Bortnikov, N. S. (2015, June). Tellurides in the Laowan gold deposit (East China): New evidence for a magmatic source of hydrothermal fluids. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 462, No. 2, p. 581). Springer Science & Business Media.
Chen, S. (2020) Identifying Geochemical Anomalies Associated with Gold Mineralization Using Factor Analysis and Spectrum–Area Multifractal Model in Laowan District, Qinling-Dabie Metallogenic Belt, Central China. Minerals 10, 229.
Yang, Mei-Zhen, Jiang, Shao-Yong, Zhou, Yang-Yang, Chen, Jiang-Li, Yang, Shui-Yuan (2024) Hydrothermal rutile as a pathfinder for discriminating overprinted magmatic-hydrothermal gold and molybdenum mineralization: The giant Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai orogen, Central China. Ore Geology Reviews, 175. 106344 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106344
ⓘ Native Gold
Formula: Au
References:
Wu, R.
Chen, J.
Zhao, J.
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Shucang Yue, Chengrong Pan, and Yongsen Li (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 723-726
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Xiaoxuan Li, Tianhu Chen, and Sanming Lu (2006): Journal of Rare Earths 24(1), 115-120
Chen, S. (2020) Identifying Geochemical Anomalies Associated with Gold Mineralization Using Factor Analysis and Spectrum–Area Multifractal Model in Laowan District, Qinling-Dabie Metallogenic Belt, Central China. Minerals 10, 229.
Wu, Ruoyu, Chen, Jinduo, Chen, Shouyu, Li, Siyuan, Teng, Lang, Dong, Kai (2023) Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China. Episodes, 46 (2) 133-160 doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2022/022020
Yang, Mei-Zhen, Jiang, Shao-Yong, Zhou, Yang-Yang, Chen, Jiang-Li, Yang, Shui-Yuan (2024) Hydrothermal rutile as a pathfinder for discriminating overprinted magmatic-hydrothermal gold and molybdenum mineralization: The giant Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai orogen, Central China. Ore Geology Reviews, 175. 106344 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106344
ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum
Formula: (Au,Ag)
ⓘ Petzite
Formula: Ag3AuTe2
ⓘ Pilsenite
Formula: Bi4Te3
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
References:
Wu, R.
Chen, J.
Zhao, J.
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Shucang Yue, Chengrong Pan, and Yongsen Li (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 723-726
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Xiaoxuan Li, Tianhu Chen, and Sanming Lu (2006): Journal of Rare Earths 24(1), 115-120
Chen, S. (2020) Identifying Geochemical Anomalies Associated with Gold Mineralization Using Factor Analysis and Spectrum–Area Multifractal Model in Laowan District, Qinling-Dabie Metallogenic Belt, Central China. Minerals 10, 229.
Wu, Ruoyu, Chen, Jinduo, Chen, Shouyu, Li, Siyuan, Teng, Lang, Dong, Kai (2023) Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China. Episodes, 46 (2) 133-160 doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2022/022020
Yang, Mei-Zhen, Jiang, Shao-Yong, Zhou, Yang-Yang, Chen, Jiang-Li, Yang, Shui-Yuan (2024) Hydrothermal rutile as a pathfinder for discriminating overprinted magmatic-hydrothermal gold and molybdenum mineralization: The giant Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai orogen, Central China. Ore Geology Reviews, 175. 106344 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106344
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
References:
Wu, R.
Chen, J.
Zhao, J.
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Shucang Yue, Chengrong Pan, and Yongsen Li (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 723-726
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Xiaoxuan Li, Tianhu Chen, and Sanming Lu (2006): Journal of Rare Earths 24(1), 115-120
Vikent'ev, I. V., Sidorova, N. V., Vikent'eva, O. V., Su, S. G., Luo, Z. H., & Bortnikov, N. S. (2015, June). Tellurides in the Laowan gold deposit (East China): New evidence for a magmatic source of hydrothermal fluids. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 462, No. 2, p. 581). Springer Science & Business Media.
Chen, S. (2020) Identifying Geochemical Anomalies Associated with Gold Mineralization Using Factor Analysis and Spectrum–Area Multifractal Model in Laowan District, Qinling-Dabie Metallogenic Belt, Central China. Minerals 10, 229.
Wu, Ruoyu, Chen, Jinduo, Chen, Shouyu, Li, Siyuan, Teng, Lang, Dong, Kai (2023) Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China. Episodes, 46 (2) 133-160 doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2022/022020
Yang, Mei-Zhen, Jiang, Shao-Yong, Zhou, Yang-Yang, Chen, Jiang-Li, Yang, Shui-Yuan (2024) Hydrothermal rutile as a pathfinder for discriminating overprinted magmatic-hydrothermal gold and molybdenum mineralization: The giant Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai orogen, Central China. Ore Geology Reviews, 175. 106344 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106344
ⓘ Quartz var. Milky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Saddlebackite
Formula: Pb2Bi2Te2S3
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
References:
Wu, R.
Chen, J.
Zhao, J.
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Shucang Yue, Chengrong Pan, and Yongsen Li (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 723-726
Guan Zhang, Denghong Wang, and Faling Li (2008): Geology and Prospecting 44(4), 50-54
Vikent'ev, I. V., Sidorova, N. V., Vikent'eva, O. V., Su, S. G., Luo, Z. H., & Bortnikov, N. S. (2015, June). Tellurides in the Laowan gold deposit (East China): New evidence for a magmatic source of hydrothermal fluids. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 462, No. 2, p. 581). Springer Science & Business Media.
Chen, S. (2020) Identifying Geochemical Anomalies Associated with Gold Mineralization Using Factor Analysis and Spectrum–Area Multifractal Model in Laowan District, Qinling-Dabie Metallogenic Belt, Central China. Minerals 10, 229.
Wu, Ruoyu, Chen, Jinduo, Chen, Shouyu, Li, Siyuan, Teng, Lang, Dong, Kai (2023) Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China. Episodes, 46 (2) 133-160 doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2022/022020
Yang, Mei-Zhen, Jiang, Shao-Yong, Zhou, Yang-Yang, Chen, Jiang-Li, Yang, Shui-Yuan (2024) Hydrothermal rutile as a pathfinder for discriminating overprinted magmatic-hydrothermal gold and molybdenum mineralization: The giant Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai orogen, Central China. Ore Geology Reviews, 175. 106344 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106344
ⓘ Stützite
Formula: Ag5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Group'
Formula: M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z)
ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘ Titanite
Formula: CaTiO(SiO4)
ⓘ Tsumoite
Formula: BiTe
ⓘ Volynskite
Formula: AgBiTe2
ⓘ 'Xenotime'
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘNative Gold
var. Electrum		1.AA.05(Au,Ag)
ⓘ1.AA.05Au
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘHessite2.BA.60Ag2Te
ⓘStützite2.BA.65Ag5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
ⓘPetzite2.BA.75Ag3AuTe2
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘAltaite2.CD.10PbTe
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘHedleyite2.DC.05Bi7Te3
ⓘPilsenite2.DC.05Bi4Te3
ⓘTsumoite2.DC.05BiTe
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘArsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘSaddlebackite2.GC.40dPb2Bi2Te2S3
ⓘVolynskite2.JA.20AgBiTe2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Milky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘTitanite9.AG.15CaTiO(SiO4)
ⓘEpidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘvar. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Unclassified
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5(T8O22)W2
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-
ⓘ'Monazite Group'-REE(PO4)
ⓘ'Xenotime'-
ⓘ'Hornblende Root Name Group'-◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'K Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3A
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Group'-M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CCarbon
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5(T8O22)W2
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ RutileTiO2
Oⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Oⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
FFluorine
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
NaSodium
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
AlAluminium
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Alⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Siⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
SSulfur
Sⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Sⓘ SaddlebackitePb2Bi2Te2S3
Sⓘ Tetrahedrite GroupM2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z)
KPotassium
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Caⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ RutileTiO2
Tiⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
FeIron
Feⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
CuCopper
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
ZnZinc
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
Asⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
AgSilver
Agⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Agⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Agⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Agⓘ StütziteAg5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
Agⓘ VolynskiteAgBiTe2
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
TeTellurium
Teⓘ AltaitePbTe
Teⓘ HedleyiteBi7Te3
Teⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Teⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Teⓘ PilseniteBi4Te3
Teⓘ StütziteAg5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
Teⓘ TsumoiteBiTe
Teⓘ VolynskiteAgBiTe2
Teⓘ SaddlebackitePb2Bi2Te2S3
AuGold
Auⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Auⓘ Native GoldAu
Auⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
PbLead
Pbⓘ AltaitePbTe
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
Pbⓘ SaddlebackitePb2Bi2Te2S3
BiBismuth
Biⓘ HedleyiteBi7Te3
Biⓘ PilseniteBi4Te3
Biⓘ TsumoiteBiTe
Biⓘ VolynskiteAgBiTe2
Biⓘ SaddlebackitePb2Bi2Te2S3

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AsiaContinent
China
Eurasian Plate
Yangtze PlateTectonic Plate

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References

Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Shucang Yue, Chengrong Pan, and Yongsen Li (2002): Metallogenesis of Laowan gold deposit from Tongbai, Henan Province. Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 723-726 (in Chinese with English title).
Qiaoqin Xie, Chengrong Pan, Xiaochun Xu, and Shucang Yue (2003): Geochemistry of Fluid Inclusions and Rare Earth Elements from Laowan Gold Deposit in Henan Province. Journal of Hefei University of Technology (Natural Science) 26(1), 47-52.
Qiaoqin Xie, Xiaochun Xu, Xiaoxuan Li, Tianhu Chen, and Sanming Lu (2006): Rare Earth Elements Geochemistry of Laowan Gold Deposit in Henan Province: Trace to Source of Ore-Forming Materials. Journal of Rare Earths 24(1), 115-120.
Hongwei Ma (2007): Integrated Ore-prospecting Criteria and Ore-prospecting Model for Tile Laowan Gold Deposit in Tongbai County, Henan Province. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration 31(3), 211-215.
Guan Zhang, Denghong Wang, and Faling Li (2008): Laowan granitic body and association to genesis of Laowan gold deposit in the eastern Qinling. Geology and Prospecting 44(4), 50-54.
Vikent'ev, I. V., Sidorova, N. V., Vikent'eva, O. V., Su, S. G., Luo, Z. H., & Bortnikov, N. S. (2015, June). Tellurides in the Laowan gold deposit (East China): New evidence for a magmatic source of hydrothermal fluids. In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 462, No. 2, p. 581). Springer Science & Business Media.
Wu, R.; Chen, J.; Zhao, J.; Chen, J.; Chen, S. (2020) Identifying Geochemical Anomalies Associated with Gold Mineralization Using Factor Analysis and Spectrum–Area Multifractal Model in Laowan District, Qinling-Dabie Metallogenic Belt, Central China. Minerals 10, 229.
Jin, W., Chen, S., Chen, J., Chen, J., Zhao, Y., Zan, P., & Wu, R. (2021). Mineralogy and geochemistry of tellurides and pyrite from the Laowan Au− Ag− Te deposit, Qinling− Dabie orogenic belt, central China: Implications for ore genesis. Ore Geology Reviews, 104519.
[1]Wu, Ruoyu, Chen, Jinduo, Chen, Shouyu, Li, Siyuan, Teng, Lang, Dong, Kai (2023) Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China. Episodes, 46 (2) 133-160 doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2022/022020
[2]Yang, Mei-Zhen, Jiang, Shao-Yong, Zhou, Yang-Yang, Chen, Jiang-Li, Yang, Shui-Yuan (2024) Hydrothermal rutile as a pathfinder for discriminating overprinted magmatic-hydrothermal gold and molybdenum mineralization: The giant Laowan Au deposit, Tongbai orogen, Central China. Ore Geology Reviews, 175. 106344 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106344
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