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Schuilingite-(Nd)
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Schuilingite-(Nd)
Formula:
PbCu(Nd,Gd,Sm,Y)(CO3)3(OH) · 1.5H2O
Colour:
Light azure-blue to turquoise-blue
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
3 - 4
Specific Gravity:
4.74 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named schuilingite in honor of Hendrik Jan Schuiling (13 February 1892, Deventer, Netherlands 24 March 1966, Waterloo, Belgium), Chief Geologist at Union Miniere du Haut-Kantanga. The suffix was added in 1987 to follow the Levinson rule, indicating the predominant essential REE.
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Schuilingite-(Nd).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3588
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3588:6
IMA Classification of Schuilingite-(Nd)
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA status notes:
Renamed by the IMA
IMA Formula:
Cu2+Pb2+Nd(CO3)3(OH)·1.5H2O
First published:
1947
Classification of Schuilingite-(Nd)
5.DB.20
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
D : Carbonates with additional anions, with H2O
B : With large and medium-sized cations
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
D : Carbonates with additional anions, with H2O
B : With large and medium-sized cations
16b.1.4.1
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : AmBn(XO3)pZqxH2O & with (m+n):p = 1:1
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : AmBn(XO3)pZq
11.9.5
11 : Carbonates
9 : Carbonates of Pb, Zr and Th
11 : Carbonates
9 : Carbonates of Pb, Zr and Th
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Shg-Nd | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Schuilingite-(Nd)
Adamantine
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Light azure-blue to turquoise-blue
Streak:
Light blue
Hardness:
3 - 4 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {110}; poor on {100}.
Perfect on {110}; poor on {100}.
Density:
4.74 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Schuilingite-(Nd)
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.71 nβ = 1.755 nγ = 1.775
2V:
Measured: 66° , Calculated: 64°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.065
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X = colorless to pale blue; Y = azure-blue; Z = blue
Chemistry of Schuilingite-(Nd)
Mindat Formula:
PbCu(Nd,Gd,Sm,Y)(CO3)3(OH) · 1.5H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Schuilingite-(Nd)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mm2 - Pyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.419(2) Å, b = 18.859(3) Å, c = 6.39(1) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.393 : 1 : 0.339
Unit Cell V:
894.06 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Comment:
Space group: P21cn
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Display Options
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View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Rotation
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Labels
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0005636 | Schuilingite-(Nd) | Schindler M, Hawthorne F C (1999) The crystal structure of schuilingite-(Nd) The Canadian Mineralogist 37 1463-1470 |  | 1999 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] |
Type Occurrence of Schuilingite-(Nd)
General Appearance of Type Material:
Crystals are acicular, to 1.5 mm, in subparallel aggregates, or in crusts.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Royal Museum of Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium, RMG11.418.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Schuilingite-(Nd)
Other Language Names for Schuilingite-(Nd)
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Schuilingite-(Nd) associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Schuilingite-(Nd) associated with Gysinite-(Nd) | PbNd(CO3)2(OH) · H2O |
| 1 photo of Schuilingite-(Nd) associated with Heterogenite | Co3+O(OH) |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 5.DB. | Rigrahamite | Na2Ca2Th2(CO3)4(HCO3)2(OH)4(H2O)7 |
| 5.DB. | Grguricite | CaCr2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| 5.DB.05 | Para-alumohydrocalcite | CaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 6H2O |
| 5.DB.05 | Nasledovite | PbMn3Al4(CO3)4(SO4)O5 · 5H2O |
| 5.DB.05 | 'UM1977-02-CO:AlCaH' | Ca6Al2(CO3)3O6 · 32H2O |
| 5.DB.05 | Alumohydrocalcite | CaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| 5.DB.10 | Kochsándorite | CaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| 5.DB.10 | Dresserite | BaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| 5.DB.10 | Dundasite | PbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| 5.DB.10 | 'Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Petterdite)' | CaCr3+2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| 5.DB.10 | Petterdite | PbCr3+2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| 5.DB.10 | Strontiodresserite | SrAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| 5.DB.10 | Montroyalite | Sr4Al8(CO3)3(OH,F)26 · 10-11H2O |
| 5.DB.15 | Hydrodresserite | BaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 3H2O |
| 5.DB.25 | Sergeevite | Ca2Mg11(CO3)9(HCO3)4(OH)4 · 6H2O |
| 5.DB.30 | Szymańskiite | [H3O]+8[Hg2]2+8(Ni,Mg)6[CO3]12(OH)12 · 3H2O |
| 5.DB.35 | Lusernaite-(Y) | Y4Al(CO3)2(OH)10F · 6H2O |
| 5.DB.40 | Putnisite | SrCa4Cr3+8(CO3)8SO4(OH)16 · 23H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Schuilingite-(Nd)
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3588.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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Mineral Dealers:
References for Schuilingite-(Nd)
Reference List:
Nickel, Ernest H., Mandarino, Joseph A. (1987) Procedures involving the IMA Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names and guidelines on mineral nomenclature. American Mineralogist, 72 (9-10) 1031-1042
Localities for Schuilingite-(Nd)
Showing 3 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Leverett et al. (2007) |
DR Congo | |
| [Mandarino |
| Lhoest (1992) +1 other reference |
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Kasompi Mine, Mutshatsha, Lualaba, DR Congo