Waipouaite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Waipouaite
Formula:
Ca3V4+5O9[Si2O5(OH)2][Si3O7(OH)2] · 11H2O
Colour:
Dark olive green to black
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
2.24
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
The name is for the Waipoua Basalt, the host rock for the mineral
New structure type
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
54272
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:54272:4
IMA Classification of Waipouaite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Ca3(V4+4.5V5+0.5)O9[(Si2O5(OH)2][Si3O7.5(OH)1.5]·11H2O
Approval year:
2020
Classification of Waipouaite
9.HB.
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
H : Unclassified silicates
B : With Ti, V, Cr
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
H : Unclassified silicates
B : With Ti, V, Cr
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Wpo | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Waipouaite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Dark olive green to black
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Density:
2.24(2) g/cm3 (Measured)
Optical Data of Waipouaite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.620(5) nβ = 1.622(5) nγ = 1.628(5)
2V:
Calculated: 60.2°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.008
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
none observed
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Pleochroism is X blue-green, Y olive green, Z olive; X > Y >> Z.
Chemistry of Waipouaite
Mindat Formula:
Ca3V4+5O9[Si2O5(OH)2][Si3O7(OH)2] · 11H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Waipouaite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/c
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.843(3) Å, b = 23.589(5) Å, c = 11.560(2) Å
β = 115.54(3)°
β = 115.54(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.544 : 1 : 0.49
Unit Cell V:
3,159.93 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 11.78 Å | (100) |
| 9.54 Å | (16) |
| 7.85 Å | (19) |
| 6.29 Å | (32) |
| 5.92 Å | (31) |
| 5.22 Å | (21) |
| 3.140 Å | (18) |
| 2.850 Å | (17) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
| 10 : Basalt-hosted zeolite minerals |
Type Occurrence of Waipouaite
General Appearance of Type Material:
prismatic crystals to 0.3 mm in length
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the mineralogical collections of the South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia, registration number G34802
Geological Setting of Type Material:
in basalt as overgrowths on thompsonite-Ca and chabazite-Ca and as inclusions within calcite and okenite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Waipouaite
Other Language Names for Waipouaite
Dutch:Waipouaiet
German:Waipouait
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 19 photos of Waipouaite associated with Okenite | Ca10Si18O46 · 18H2O |
| 14 photos of Waipouaite associated with Chabazite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O |
| 7 photos of Waipouaite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 5 photos of Waipouaite associated with 'Iron-bearing Calcite' | (Ca,Fe)CO3 |
| 3 photos of Waipouaite associated with Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| 2 photos of Waipouaite associated with Cavansite | Ca(VO)Si4O10 · 4H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.HB.05 | Ilmajokite-(Ce) | Na11KBaCe2Ti12Si37.5O94(OH)31 · 29H2O |
| 9.HB.10 | Rilandite | Cr6SiO11 · 5H2O (?) |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Waipouaite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-54272.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Waipouaite
Localities for Waipouaite
Showing 1 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
New Zealand (TL) | |
| Miyawaki et al. (2020) +2 other references |
Quick NavTopAbout WaipouaiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Aranga Quarry, Aranga, Kaipara District, Northland Region, New Zealand