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Sungun Mine (Songun Mine), Varzaqan county, East Azerbaijan Province, Irani
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Sungun Mine (Songun Mine) | Mine (Active) |
| Varzaqan county | County |
| East Azerbaijan Province | Province |
| Iran | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
38° 42' 3'' North , 46° 42' 17'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Mine (Active) - last checked 2021
Köppen climate type:
Porphyry copper deposit with minor skarns developed in the rim zone of the intrusive stock.
The largest open-cast copper mine in Iran.
Porphyry copper Oligocene- Miocene
850 Mt, 0.62% Cu, 0.01% Mo
The Sungun porphyry Cu-Mo mineralized body characterized by an elliptical geometry exceeding 500 m in thickness, with copper grades typically ranging between 0.4% and 0.8% at elevations from 1700 m to 2100 m above sea level, decreasing to 0.1%–0.4% at greater depths. This diorite–granodiorite unit intrudes a sequence of 500 m thick Cretaceous limestones and Lower Tertiary volcanic-sedimentary rocks, with the latter reaching thicknesses of 1000 m to 1500 m. These sequences consist of andesitic to trachytic tuffs and agglomerates with intercalated marly tuffs. Additionally, Quaternary andesitic to trachytic lavas are locally exposed to the west and south of the deposit; however, these remain unaffected by hydrothermal alteration and mineralization processes. Hydrothermal activity and mineralization are centered on the stock, progressing from early potassic and propylitic stages to subsequent phyllic, silicification, and argillic alterations. Mineralization is vertically zoned into supergene and hypogene environments. The supergene zone, which reaches thicknesses of up to 45 m, is divided into an upper oxidized-leached horizon and an underlying secondary sulfide enrichment zone. The development of this zone is primarily controlled by NEE and NWW-oriented faults, which facilitated the meteoric leaching of copper and its subsequent precipitation below the freatic level as native copper and secondary sulfides such as chalcocite and digenite. Below this, the hypogene zone represents the primary mineralization event. While chalcopyrite was initially introduced during the potassic event, it reached peak development during the phyllic stage. Consequently, the highest copper grades are associated with the potassic core (orthoclase-biotite-sericite), whereas the highest pyrite concentrations are found within the marginal phyllic (quartz-sericite) zone.
The largest open-cast copper mine in Iran.
Porphyry copper Oligocene- Miocene
850 Mt, 0.62% Cu, 0.01% Mo
The Sungun porphyry Cu-Mo mineralized body characterized by an elliptical geometry exceeding 500 m in thickness, with copper grades typically ranging between 0.4% and 0.8% at elevations from 1700 m to 2100 m above sea level, decreasing to 0.1%–0.4% at greater depths. This diorite–granodiorite unit intrudes a sequence of 500 m thick Cretaceous limestones and Lower Tertiary volcanic-sedimentary rocks, with the latter reaching thicknesses of 1000 m to 1500 m. These sequences consist of andesitic to trachytic tuffs and agglomerates with intercalated marly tuffs. Additionally, Quaternary andesitic to trachytic lavas are locally exposed to the west and south of the deposit; however, these remain unaffected by hydrothermal alteration and mineralization processes. Hydrothermal activity and mineralization are centered on the stock, progressing from early potassic and propylitic stages to subsequent phyllic, silicification, and argillic alterations. Mineralization is vertically zoned into supergene and hypogene environments. The supergene zone, which reaches thicknesses of up to 45 m, is divided into an upper oxidized-leached horizon and an underlying secondary sulfide enrichment zone. The development of this zone is primarily controlled by NEE and NWW-oriented faults, which facilitated the meteoric leaching of copper and its subsequent precipitation below the freatic level as native copper and secondary sulfides such as chalcocite and digenite. Below this, the hypogene zone represents the primary mineralization event. While chalcopyrite was initially introduced during the potassic event, it reached peak development during the phyllic stage. Consequently, the highest copper grades are associated with the potassic core (orthoclase-biotite-sericite), whereas the highest pyrite concentrations are found within the marginal phyllic (quartz-sericite) zone.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
36 valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Native Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| ⓘ | Native Gold | 1.AA.05 | Au |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| ⓘ | Digenite | 2.BA.10 | Cu9S5 |
| ⓘ | Bornite | 2.BA.15 | Cu5FeS4 |
| ⓘ | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Bismuthinite | 2.DB.05 | Bi2S3 |
| ⓘ | Molybdenite | 2.EA.30 | MoS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Ilmenite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2+TiO3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Rutile | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Uraninite | 4.DL.05 | UO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Anhydrite | 7.AD.30 | CaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Scheelite | 7.GA.05 | Ca(WO4) |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Titanite | 9.AG.15 | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Epidote | 9.BG.05a | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ | Augite | 9.DA.15 | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Magnesio-hornblende | 9.DE.10 | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Tremolite | 9.DE.10 | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Tschermakite | 9.DE.10 | ◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Muscovite var. Illite | 9.EC.15 | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| ⓘ | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | |
| ⓘ | var. Phengite | 9.EC.15 | KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | var. Sericite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Clinochlore | 9.EC.55 | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| ⓘ | Kaolinite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Orthoclase | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Sanidine | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Al-chamosite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Alkali Feldspar' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Amphibole Supergroup' | - | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Feldspar Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Hornblende Root Name Group' | - | ◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| ⓘ | 'Plagioclase' | - | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| ⓘ | 'K Feldspar' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Pyroxene Group' | - | ADSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | 'Garnet Group' | - | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | 'Saussurite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| ⓘ | 'Tetrahedrite Group' | - | M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z) |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| H | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite | KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| O | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| O | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite | KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| O | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Uraninite | UO2 |
| O | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| O | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Mg | ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite | KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Al | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite | KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Si | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite | KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| S | ⓘ Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Group | M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z) |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite | KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| Ca | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| Ca | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Ca | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Tschermakite | ◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite | KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| Cu | ⓘ Native Copper | Cu |
| Cu | ⓘ Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Mo | Molybdenum | |
| Mo | ⓘ Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| W | Tungsten | |
| W | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | ⓘ Native Gold | Au |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| U | Uranium | |
| U | ⓘ Uraninite | UO2 |
Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungun_copper_mine |
|---|---|
| Wikidata ID: | Q7640251 |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
AsiaContinent
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
Indian Plate
- Alborz MountainsAccretionary Complex
Iran
- East Azerbaijan Province
- Arasbaran porphyry copper zoneMineral Province
Lesser Caucasus Mountain RangeMountain Range
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References
Hezarkhani, Ardeshir, Williams-Jones, Anthony E. (1998) Controls of alteration and mineralization in the Sungun porphyry copper deposit, Iran; evidence from fluid inclusions and stable isotopes. Economic Geology, 93 (5) 651-670 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.93.5.651
Hezarkhani, A., Williams-Jones, A. E., Gammons, C. H. (1999) Factors controlling copper solubility and chalcopyrite deposition in the Sungun porphyry copper deposit, Iran. Mineralium Deposita, 34 (8) 770-783 doi:10.1007/s001260050237
Calagari, Ali Asghar (2004) Geology and Fracture-Related Hypogene Hydrothermal Alteration and Mineralization of Porphyry Copper Deposit at Sungun, Iran. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 64 (5). 595-618 doi:10.17491/jgsi/2004/640501
Hezarkhani, Ardeshir (2006) Petrology of the intrusive rocks within the Sungun Porphyry Copper Deposit, Azerbaijan, Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 27 (3) 326-340 doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2005.04.005
Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155
Kamali, Amin, Moayyed, Mohsen, Amel, Nasir, Hosseinzadeh, Mohammad, Mohammadiha, Kourosh, Santos, José, Brenna, Marco (2018) Post-Mineralization, Cogenetic Magmatism at the Sungun Cu-Mo Porphyry Deposit (Northwest Iran): Protracted Melting and Extraction in an Arc System. Minerals, 8 (12) 588 doi:10.3390/min8120588
Sungun Mine, Varzaqan county, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran