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Salpeterkop Mountain (Saltpetre Kop), Sutherland, Karoo Hoogland Local Municipality, Namakwa District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africai
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
32° 28' 0'' South , 20° 49' 60'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Köppen climate type:
Salpeterkop carbonatite complex carbonatites and trachytes, olivine melilitites dated 75 Ma.
Salpeterkop is a circular structure of Cretaceous age located 20 km southeast of Sutherland in the Cape Province. It consists of a conical hill (kop) 5 km in diameter rising 150 m above the surrounding landscape. Salpeterkop comprises igneous rocks (e.g. carbonatite) and breccias that have intruded the surrounding sandstone, siltstone and shales of the Karoo Supergroup. The closest related feature to Salpeterkop is found 780 km to the north in Namibia, the Gross Brukkaros structure, which has a similar circular shape, age and rock type.
Although the "kop" (hill) is the main feature, a number of smaller satellite bodies surround it. Volcanic vents, sills and dykes are related to the main intrusion and these consist of carbonatite (carbonate-rich intrusive rocks), trachyte (extrusive rocks composed of alkali feldspar and minor biotite, hornblende or pyroxene), and olivine melilitite (extrusive igneous rock composed of minor feldspathoids, olivine, augite and the akermanite-gehlenite series). (From Cairncross and Dixon 1995, page 152)
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Analcime Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 Description: Well formed spear shaped crystals, can be associated with minor fluorite, lining vugs, veins and cavities. |
| ⓘ Brookite Formula: TiO2 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Eudialyte Formula: Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2 |
| ⓘ Fluorite Formula: CaF2 |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Natrolite Formula: Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Nepheline Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Rutile Formula: TiO2 |
| ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile Formula: (Ti,Nb)O2 |
| ⓘ Siderite Formula: FeCO3 |
| ⓘ Thorianite Formula: ThO2 |
| ⓘ Thorite Formula: Th(SiO4) |
| ⓘ 'Wad' |
| ⓘ 'Xenotime' |
| ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) Formula: Y(PO4) |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Quartz var. Chalcedony | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 | |
| ⓘ | Rutile var. Ilmenorutile | 4.DB.05 | (Ti,Nb)O2 |
| ⓘ | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 | |
| ⓘ | Brookite | 4.DD.10 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Thorianite | 4.DL.05 | ThO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Siderite | 5.AB.05 | FeCO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Xenotime-(Y) | 8.AD.35 | Y(PO4) |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Thorite | 9.AD.30 | Th(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Eudialyte | 9.CO.10 | Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Nepheline | 9.FA.05 | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| ⓘ | Natrolite | 9.GA.05 | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Analcime | 9.GB.05 | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Wad' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Xenotime' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Eudialyte | Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Brookite | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Eudialyte | Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile | (Ti,Nb)O2 |
| O | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| O | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Thorianite | ThO2 |
| O | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Eudialyte | Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Na | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Al | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Eudialyte | Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Si | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Eudialyte | Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2 |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Eudialyte | Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Brookite | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile | (Ti,Nb)O2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Eudialyte | Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| Y | Yttrium | |
| Y | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | ⓘ Eudialyte | Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2 |
| Nb | Niobium | |
| Nb | ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile | (Ti,Nb)O2 |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Th | Thorium | |
| Th | ⓘ Thorianite | ThO2 |
| Th | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
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