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Black Rock Mine, Black Rock, Joe Morolong Local Municipality, John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africai
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
27° 7' 59'' South , 22° 49' 59'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Köppen climate type:
A manganese property owned by Associated Manganese Mines of South Africa, Ltd.
Note: Contrary to the above, a 2015 article wrote that Assmang Proprietary Limited, the owner of the Black Rock Mine (itself jointly owned by Assore Limited and African Rainbow Mineral Limited) has begun a program in 2010 of increasing its operational capacity to 4.6 Mtpa. This is achieved through new and upgraded ore handling infrastructure and the refurbishment and development of new shafts. In 2022, it signed a purchase agreement with Atlas Copco to provide electric MT-420 mine trucks and ST-14 electric scooptrams. (Mindat Ref. ID 16653895)
Note: Sturmanite, an approved IMA mineral, is erroneously reported from this mine. Whilst it is said to be the type locality, there must have been faulty labelling, as it has never been found since with the associated minerals as described in the original paper. At least 5 pockets at Wessels mine between 1978–1982 have yielded crystals of similar habit. No specimens have ever been recorded from this mine, and it was closed many years before. It is widely believed Black Rock is an erroneous locality and Wessels is the true locality. This has been checked against several references from Cairncross et al. and von Bezing (Debbie Woolf).
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
25 valid minerals. 1 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 1 (FRL) - first recorded locality of unapproved mineral/variety/etc. 1 erroneous literature entry.
Detailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Aegirine Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6 Description: Common in the Wessels-type ore |
| ⓘ Andradite Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) Habit: massive Description: micromount specimens |
| ⓘ Banalsite Formula: Na2BaAl4Si4O16 Habit: massive Description: micromount specimens |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 |
| ⓘ Bixbyite-(Mn) Formula: Mn3+2O3 |
| ⓘ Braunite Formula: Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8 |
| ⓘ 'Braunite-II' (FRL) Formula: Ca(Mn3+,Fe)14(SiO4)O20 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Description: Crystals very common up to cabinet size (SAMS datasheet ML 02). |
| ⓘ Celestine Formula: SrSO4 References: |
| ⓘ Cryptomelane Formula: K(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16 |
| ⓘ Cymrite Formula: BaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O |
| ⓘ Ettringite ? Formula: Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2O |
| ⓘ Formula: Ca4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3 Description: Erroneously reported by dealer to come from this mine, gaudefroyite has not been recorded here, datasheets and references from von Bezing and Cairncross et al and personal communitcations cross-checked by Debbie Woolf. |
| ⓘ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Hausmannite Formula: Mn2+Mn3+2O4 References: |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ Inesite Formula: Ca2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O References: |
| ⓘ Lithiophorite Formula: (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Manganite Formula: Mn3+O(OH) References: |
| ⓘ Marokite Formula: CaMn3+2O4 |
| ⓘ Opal Formula: SiO2 · nH2O References: |
| ⓘ Portlandite Formula: Ca(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Pyrolusite Formula: Mn4+O2 |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Rhodochrosite Formula: MnCO3 References: |
| ⓘ Sturmanite ? (TL) Formula: Ca6Fe3+2(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12 · 25H2O Type Locality: Description: Although this locality is the type locality for the mineral, it is believed that the actual type locality is the Wessels mine due to an error in labeling the type specimen. No subsequent specimens containing sturmanite or other minerals on the type specimen have been found since, similar material from Wessels was found from 5 pockets in the years 1978-1982. |
| ⓘ Xonotlite Formula: Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Hausmannite | 4.BB.10 | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Marokite | 4.BC.05 | CaMn3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Bixbyite-(Mn) | 4.CB.10 | Mn3+2O3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz var. Chalcedony | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 | |
| ⓘ | Opal | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Pyrolusite | 4.DB.05 | Mn4+O2 |
| ⓘ | Cryptomelane | 4.DK.05a | K(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16 |
| ⓘ | Manganite | 4.FD.15 | Mn3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Portlandite | 4.FE.05 | Ca(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Lithiophorite | 4.FE.25 | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Rhodochrosite | 5.AB.05 | MnCO3 |
| Group 6 - Borates | |||
| ⓘ | Gaudefroyite ? | 6.AB.60 | Ca4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Celestine | 7.AD.35 | SrSO4 |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Ettringite ? | 7.DG.15 | Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2O |
| ⓘ | Sturmanite ? (TL) | 7.DG.15 | Ca6Fe3+2(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12 · 25H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Andradite | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Braunite | 9.AG.05 | Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8 |
| ⓘ | 'Braunite-II' (TL) | 9.AG.05 | Ca(Mn3+,Fe)14(SiO4)O20 |
| ⓘ | Aegirine | 9.DA.25 | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Xonotlite | 9.DG.35 | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Inesite | 9.DL.05 | Ca2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | Cymrite | 9.EG.05 | BaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Banalsite | 9.FA.60 | Na2BaAl4Si4O16 |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Cymrite | BaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Ettringite | Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2O |
| H | ⓘ Gaudefroyite | Ca4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3 |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Inesite | Ca2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Manganite | Mn3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Portlandite | Ca(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Sturmanite | Ca6Fe23+(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12 · 25H2O |
| H | ⓘ Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Li | Lithium | |
| Li | ⓘ Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| B | Boron | |
| B | ⓘ Gaudefroyite | Ca4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3 |
| B | ⓘ Sturmanite | Ca6Fe23+(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12 · 25H2O |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Gaudefroyite | Ca4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3 |
| C | ⓘ Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Banalsite | Na2BaAl4Si4O16 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Bixbyite-(Mn) | Mn23+O3 |
| O | ⓘ Braunite | Mn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Celestine | SrSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Cryptomelane | K(Mn74+Mn3+)O16 |
| O | ⓘ Cymrite | BaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Ettringite | Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2O |
| O | ⓘ Gaudefroyite | Ca4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3 |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Inesite | Ca2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Manganite | Mn3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Marokite | CaMn23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Portlandite | Ca(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Sturmanite | Ca6Fe23+(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12 · 25H2O |
| O | ⓘ Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Braunite-II | Ca(Mn3+,Fe)14(SiO4)O20 |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Na | ⓘ Banalsite | Na2BaAl4Si4O16 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Banalsite | Na2BaAl4Si4O16 |
| Al | ⓘ Cymrite | BaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Ettringite | Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Banalsite | Na2BaAl4Si4O16 |
| Si | ⓘ Braunite | Mn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Cymrite | BaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Inesite | Ca2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Braunite-II | Ca(Mn3+,Fe)14(SiO4)O20 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Celestine | SrSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Ettringite | Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2O |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Sturmanite | Ca6Fe23+(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12 · 25H2O |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Cryptomelane | K(Mn74+Mn3+)O16 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Ettringite | Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Gaudefroyite | Ca4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Inesite | Ca2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Marokite | CaMn23+O4 |
| Ca | ⓘ Portlandite | Ca(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Sturmanite | Ca6Fe23+(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12 · 25H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Braunite-II | Ca(Mn3+,Fe)14(SiO4)O20 |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Bixbyite-(Mn) | Mn23+O3 |
| Mn | ⓘ Braunite | Mn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8 |
| Mn | ⓘ Cryptomelane | K(Mn74+Mn3+)O16 |
| Mn | ⓘ Gaudefroyite | Ca4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3 |
| Mn | ⓘ Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn23+O4 |
| Mn | ⓘ Inesite | Ca2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| Mn | ⓘ Manganite | Mn3+O(OH) |
| Mn | ⓘ Marokite | CaMn23+O4 |
| Mn | ⓘ Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
| Mn | ⓘ Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| Mn | ⓘ Braunite-II | Ca(Mn3+,Fe)14(SiO4)O20 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Inesite | Ca2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Sturmanite | Ca6Fe23+(SO4)2.5[B(OH)4](OH)12 · 25H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Braunite-II | Ca(Mn3+,Fe)14(SiO4)O20 |
| Sr | Strontium | |
| Sr | ⓘ Celestine | SrSO4 |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Banalsite | Na2BaAl4Si4O16 |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Ba | ⓘ Cymrite | BaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O |
Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Rock_mine |
|---|---|
| Wikidata ID: | Q16254905 |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
AfricaContinent
- Kalahari DesertDesert
African PlateTectonic Plate
- Kalahari basinBasin
South Africa
- Northern Cape
- John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality
- Kalahari manganese fieldOre Field
- John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality
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Black Rock Mine, Black Rock, Joe Morolong Local Municipality, John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa