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Semyenov-2 Hydrothermal Field, Semenov region, Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex, Atlantic Ocean i
Regional Level Types
Semyenov-2 Hydrothermal Field Group of Hydrothermal Vents
Semenov region Region
Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex Mid-Ocean Ridge
Atlantic Ocean Ocean

Regional Level Types
Semyenov-2 Hydrothermal Field	Group of Hydrothermal Vents
Semenov region	Region
Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex	Mid-Ocean Ridge
Atlantic Ocean	Ocean

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Predictive Mineralogy

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

13° 30' 47'' North , 44° 57' 0'' West

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

13.51333,-44.95000

GRN:

N10W31

Type:

Group of Hydrothermal Vents

Mindat Locality ID:

333063

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:333063:3

GUID (UUID V4):

The Cu-Zn–rich massive sulfides from the mafic-hosted Semenov-2 hydrothermal field, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, are distinct from other sea-floor massive sulfide deposits because of their exceptional enrichment in Au (up to 188 ppm). The OCC at 13°30′N, located between the Fifteen Twenty and Marathon fracture zones, was found to be one of the most fertile as it hosts the Semenov cluster of five hydrothermal massive sulfide fields. The massive sulfide deposits are located at the western wall of the mid-ocean rift valley, at a depth of 2,400 to 2,950 m, and are confined to the OCC, which stretches from west to east for about 14 km and comprises a smooth, corrugated and striated eastern dome with a rougher western part. Serpentinized ultramafic rocks, fresh and moderately hydrothermally altered pillow basalts, dolerites, gabbros, tonalites, diorites, and plagiogranites, as well as talcites, talc-chlorite rocks, and amphibolites, were recovered from the OCC surface. The Semenov cluster consists of one active (2) and four inactive (1, 3, 4, and 5) hydrothermal fields with possible massive sulfide resources of ~40 Mt.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

40 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Altaite

Formula: PbTe

References:

Firstova, A., Stepanova, T., Sukhanova, A., Cherkashov, G., & Poroshina, I. (2019). Au and Te Minerals in Seafloor Massive Sulphides from Semyenov-2 Hydrothermal Field, Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Minerals, 9(5), 294.

ⓘ Anhydrite

Formula: CaSO₄

References:

Melekestseva, Irina Yu., Maslennikov, Valery V., Tret’yakov, Gennady A., Nimis, Paolo, Beltenev, Victor E., Rozhdestvenskaya, Irina I., Maslennikova, Svetlana P., Belogub, Elena V., Danyushevsky, Leonid, Large, Ross, Yuminov, Anatoly M., Sadykov, Sergey A. (2017) Gold- and Silver-Rich Massive Sulfides from the Semenov-2 Hydrothermal Field, 13°31.13′N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge: A Case of Magmatic Contribution?. Economic Geology, 112 (4) 741-773 doi:10.2113/econgeo.112.4.741

ⓘ Aragonite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

ⓘ Argyrodite

Formula: Ag₈GeS₆

References:

Melekestseva, Irina Yu.; Kotlyarov, Vasily A.; Tret’yakov, Gennady A.; Beltenev, Viktor E. (2025) Native Arsenic at the Semenov-2 Seafloor Massive Sulfide Deposit (13°31′13 N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge): An Indicator of Low-Temperature, Reducing, and Acidic Formation Conditions. The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, 63 (2). 113-140 doi:10.3749/2400021

ⓘ Atacamite

Formula: Cu₂(OH)₃Cl

References:

ⓘ Aurostibite

Formula: AuSb₂

References:

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

References:

ⓘ Bornite

Formula: Cu₅FeS₄

References:

ⓘ Calaverite

Formula: AuTe₂

References:

ⓘ Chalcocite

Formula: Cu₂S

References:

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

ⓘ Clausthalite

Formula: PbSe

References:

ⓘ Clinochlore

Formula: Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈

References:

ⓘ Clinochlore var. Talc-chlorite

Formula: Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈

References:

ⓘ Cobaltite

Formula: CoAsS

References:

ⓘ Covellite

Formula: CuS

References:

ⓘ Digenite

Formula: Cu₉S₅

References:

ⓘ Djurleite

Formula: Cu₃₁S₁₆

References:

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

ⓘ Geerite

Formula: Cu₈S₅

References:

ⓘ Glaucodot

Formula: (Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS

References:

ⓘ Hessite

Formula: Ag₂Te

References:

ⓘ Idaite

Formula: Cu₅FeS₆

References:

ⓘ Isocubanite

Formula: CuFe₂S₃

References:

ⓘ Marcasite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

ⓘ Melonite

Formula: NiTe₂

References:

ⓘ Native Arsenic

Formula: As

References:

ⓘ Native Gold

Formula: Au

References:

ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum

Formula: (Au,Ag)

References:

ⓘ Native Silver

Formula: Ag

References:

ⓘ Naumannite

Formula: Ag₂Se

References:

ⓘ Opal

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

References:

ⓘ Opal var. Opal-A

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

ⓘ Roxbyite

Formula: Cu₅₈S₃₂

References:

ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'

Formula: D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄

References:

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

ⓘ Spionkopite

Formula: Cu₃₉S₂₈

References:

ⓘ Stützite

Formula: Ag_5-xTe₃, x = 0.24-0.36

References:

ⓘ 'Talcite'

References:

ⓘ Tellurobismuthite

Formula: Bi₂Te₃

References:

ⓘ 'Tennantite Subgroup'

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)As₄S₁₂S

References:

ⓘ Tetradymite

Formula: Bi₂Te₂S

References:

ⓘ Wurtzite

Formula: (Zn,Fe)S

References:

ⓘ Yarrowite

Formula: Cu₉S₈

References:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Gold var. Electrum	1.AA.05	(Au,Ag)
ⓘ		1.AA.05	Au
ⓘ	Native Silver	1.AA.05	Ag
ⓘ	Native Arsenic	1.CA.05	As
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Chalcocite	2.BA.05	Cu₂S
ⓘ	Djurleite	2.BA.05	Cu₃₁S₁₆
ⓘ	Geerite	2.BA.05	Cu₈S₅
ⓘ	Roxbyite	2.BA.05	Cu₅₈S₃₂
ⓘ	Digenite	2.BA.10	Cu₉S₅
ⓘ	Bornite	2.BA.15	Cu₅FeS₄
ⓘ	Naumannite	2.BA.55	Ag₂Se
ⓘ	Hessite	2.BA.60	Ag₂Te
ⓘ	Stützite	2.BA.65	Ag_5-xTe₃, x = 0.24-0.36
ⓘ	Argyrodite	2.BA.70	Ag₈GeS₆
ⓘ	Covellite	2.CA.05a	CuS
ⓘ	Spionkopite	2.CA.05c	Cu₃₉S₂₈
ⓘ	Yarrowite	2.CA.05d	Cu₉S₈
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Idaite	2.CB.15a	Cu₅FeS₆
ⓘ	Wurtzite	2.CB.45	(Zn,Fe)S
ⓘ	Isocubanite	2.CB.55b	CuFe₂S₃
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Altaite	2.CD.10	PbTe
ⓘ	Clausthalite	2.CD.10	PbSe
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Tellurobismuthite	2.DC.05	Bi₂Te₃
ⓘ	Tetradymite	2.DC.05	Bi₂Te₂S
ⓘ	Calaverite	2.EA.10	AuTe₂
ⓘ	Melonite	2.EA.20	NiTe₂
ⓘ	Aurostibite	2.EB.05a	AuSb₂
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Marcasite	2.EB.10a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Glaucodot	2.EB.10c	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS
ⓘ	Cobaltite	2.EB.25	CoAsS
ⓘ	'Tennantite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)As₄S₁₂S
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Atacamite	3.DA.10a	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Opal	4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	var. Opal-A	4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Aragonite	5.AB.15	CaCO₃
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Anhydrite	7.AD.30	CaSO₄
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Clinochlore	9.EC.55	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
ⓘ	var. Talc-chlorite	9.EC.55	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Serpentine Subgroup'	-	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
ⓘ	'Talcite'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Atacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
H	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
H	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
H	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-A	SiO₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Clinochlore var. Talc-chlorite	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
O	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Atacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
O	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
O	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-A	SiO₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Clinochlore var. Talc-chlorite	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Mg	ⓘ Clinochlore var. Talc-chlorite	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Al	ⓘ Clinochlore var. Talc-chlorite	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Si	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-A	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Clinochlore var. Talc-chlorite	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
S	ⓘ Argyrodite	Ag₈GeS₆
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
S	ⓘ Cobaltite	CoAsS
S	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
S	ⓘ Digenite	Cu₉S₅
S	ⓘ Djurleite	Cu₃₁S₁₆
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Geerite	Cu₈S₅
S	ⓘ Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS
S	ⓘ Idaite	Cu₅FeS₆
S	ⓘ Isocubanite	CuFe₂S₃
S	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Roxbyite	Cu₅₈S₃₂
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Spionkopite	Cu₃₉S₂₈
S	ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)As₄S₁₂S
S	ⓘ Tetradymite	Bi₂Te₂S
S	ⓘ Wurtzite	(Zn,Fe)S
S	ⓘ Yarrowite	Cu₉S₈
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Atacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
Ca	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS
Fe	ⓘ Idaite	Cu₅FeS₆
Fe	ⓘ Isocubanite	CuFe₂S₃
Fe	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Wurtzite	(Zn,Fe)S
Co	Cobalt
Co	ⓘ Cobaltite	CoAsS
Co	ⓘ Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Melonite	NiTe₂
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Atacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
Cu	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
Cu	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
Cu	ⓘ Digenite	Cu₉S₅
Cu	ⓘ Djurleite	Cu₃₁S₁₆
Cu	ⓘ Geerite	Cu₈S₅
Cu	ⓘ Idaite	Cu₅FeS₆
Cu	ⓘ Isocubanite	CuFe₂S₃
Cu	ⓘ Roxbyite	Cu₅₈S₃₂
Cu	ⓘ Spionkopite	Cu₃₉S₂₈
Cu	ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)As₄S₁₂S
Cu	ⓘ Yarrowite	Cu₉S₈
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Zn	ⓘ Wurtzite	(Zn,Fe)S
Ge	Germanium
Ge	ⓘ Argyrodite	Ag₈GeS₆
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Native Arsenic	As
As	ⓘ Cobaltite	CoAsS
As	ⓘ Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS
As	ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)As₄S₁₂S
Se	Selenium
Se	ⓘ Clausthalite	PbSe
Se	ⓘ Naumannite	Ag₂Se
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Argyrodite	Ag₈GeS₆
Ag	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Ag	ⓘ Hessite	Ag₂Te
Ag	ⓘ Naumannite	Ag₂Se
Ag	ⓘ Native Silver	Ag
Ag	ⓘ Stützite	Ag_5-xTe₃, x = 0.24-0.36
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Aurostibite	AuSb₂
Te	Tellurium
Te	ⓘ Altaite	PbTe
Te	ⓘ Calaverite	AuTe₂
Te	ⓘ Hessite	Ag₂Te
Te	ⓘ Melonite	NiTe₂
Te	ⓘ Stützite	Ag_5-xTe₃, x = 0.24-0.36
Te	ⓘ Tellurobismuthite	Bi₂Te₃
Te	ⓘ Tetradymite	Bi₂Te₂S
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Aurostibite	AuSb₂
Au	ⓘ Calaverite	AuTe₂
Au	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Au	ⓘ Native Gold	Au
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Altaite	PbTe
Pb	ⓘ Clausthalite	PbSe
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Bi	Bismuth
Bi	ⓘ Tellurobismuthite	Bi₂Te₃
Bi	ⓘ Tetradymite	Bi₂Te₂S

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

African PlateTectonic Plate

Atlantic OceanOcean

Mid-Atlantic Ridge complexMid-Ocean Ridge
South American BasinOceanic Crust

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

[1]Melekestseva, Irina Yu., Maslennikov, Valery V., Tret’yakov, Gennady A., Nimis, Paolo, Beltenev, Victor E., Rozhdestvenskaya, Irina I., Maslennikova, Svetlana P., Belogub, Elena V., Danyushevsky, Leonid, Large, Ross, Yuminov, Anatoly M., Sadykov, Sergey A. (2017) Gold- and Silver-Rich Massive Sulfides from the Semenov-2 Hydrothermal Field, 13°31.13′N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge: A Case of Magmatic Contribution?. Economic Geology, 112 (4) 741-773 doi:10.2113/econgeo.112.4.741

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