Brearley, A. J. & Jones, R. H. (1998): Chondritic Meteorites. In: Planetary Materials (Papike, J. J., Editor): Chapter 3, 398 pages. Mineralogical Society of America: Washington, DC, USA. (1998).

ⓘ Aragonite

Formula: CaCO₃

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Craig A. Johnson & Martin Prinz (1993). Carbonate compositions in CM and CI chondrites and implications for aqueous alteration. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 57, #12, 2843-2852. (June 2003).

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Miyahara, M., Uehara, S., Ohtani, E., Nagase, T., Nishijima, M., Vashaei, Z. and Kitagawa, R. (2008): THE ANATOMY OF ALTERED CHONDRULES AND FGRS COVERING THEM IN A CM CHONDRITE BY FIB- TEM/STEM. Lunar and Planetary Science XXXIX, 1194.

ⓘ Barringerite

Formula: (Fe,Ni)₂P

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

M. A. Nazarov, Franz Brandstaetter, G. Kurat & T. Ntaflos. (1998). Chemistry of P-rich Sulfides in Murchison, Cold Bokkeveld and Nogoya CM Chondrites. 29th Annual Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX, abstract no. 1628. (March 1998).

ⓘ Bassanite

Formula: Ca(SO₄) · 0.5H₂O

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Brearley, A. J. & Jones, R. H. (1998): Chondritic Meteorites. In: Planetary Materials (Papike, J. J., Editor): Chapter 3, 398 pages. Mineralogical Society of America: Washington, DC, USA. (1998).

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Martin R. Lee (1993). The petrography, mineralogy and origins of calcium sulphate within the Cold Bokkeveld CM carbonaceous chondrite. Meteoritics 28, #1, 53-62. (Mar 1993).

ⓘ Carlsbergite

Formula: CrN

Locality: Hex River Mountains meteorite, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

H. J. Axon, J. Kinder, C. W. Haworth and J. W. Horsfield (1981) Carlsbergite, CrN, in Troilite, FeS, of the Sikhote Alin Meteoritic Iron. Mineralogical Magazine 44:107-109.

ⓘ Chromite

Formula: Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025

MacDougall, J. D. & Phinney, D. (1977) Olivine separates from Murchison and Cold Bokkeveld - Particle tracks and noble gases. In: Lunar Science Conference, 8th, Houston, Tex., March 14-18, 1977, Proceedings. Volume 1. (A78-41551 18-91) New York, Pergamon Press, Inc., 1977, p. 293-311.

ⓘ Chrysotile

Formula: Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Thomas J. Zega & Peter R. Buseck (2003). Fine-grained-rim mineralogy of the Cold Bokkeveld CM chondrite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67, #9, 1711-1721. (May 2003.)

ⓘ Clinoenstatite

Formula: MgSiO₃

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

ⓘ Cronstedtite

Formula: Fe²⁺₂Fe³⁺((Si,Fe³⁺)₂O₅)(OH)₄

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Thomas J. Zega & Peter R. Buseck (2003). Fine-grained-rim mineralogy of the Cold Bokkeveld CM chondrite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67, #9, 1711-1721. (May 2003.)

ⓘ Daubréelite

Formula: Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂S₄

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Martin R. Lee (1993). The petrography, mineralogy and origins of calcium sulphate within the Cold Bokkeveld CM carbonaceous chondrite. Meteoritics 28, #1, 53-62. (Mar 1993).

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Simone de Leuw, Alan Edward Rubin & John T. Wasson (2010). Carbonates in CM2 chondrites: Complex formational histories and comparison to carbonates in CI chondrites. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 45, #4, 513-530. (April 2010).

ⓘ Enstatite

Formula: Mg₂Si₂O₆

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

ⓘ Fayalite

Formula: Fe²⁺₂(SiO₄)

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Zega, T. J., Buseck, P. R. (2000) Mineralogy of a Fine-Grained Rim Within the Cold Bokkeveld CM Chondrite; a Transmission Electron Microscopy Study. 63rd Annual Meteoritical Society Meeting.

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Mason, Brian (1963) The carbonaceous chondrites. Space Science Reviews, 1 (4). 621-646 doi:10.1007/bf00212446

ⓘ Forsterite

Formula: Mg₂(SiO₄)

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Martin R. Lee (1993). The petrography, mineralogy and origins of calcium sulphate within the Cold Bokkeveld CM carbonaceous chondrite. Meteoritics 28, #1, 53-62. (Mar 1993).

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Fuchs, Louis H., Olson, Edward, Jensen, Kenneth J. (1973) Mineralogy, Mineral-Chemistry, and Composition of the Murchison (C2) Meteorite. Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences 10. Smithsonian Institution Press 39 pp.

ⓘ Hibonite

Formula: CaAl₁₂O₁₉

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Richard C. Greenwood, Robert Hutchinson & G. Cressy (1991). Spinel-bearing refractory inclusions in Cold Bokkeveld. Meteoritics 26, #4, 340. (Dec 1991).

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025

ⓘ Kosmochlor

Formula: NaCrSi₂O₆

Locality: Hex River Mountains meteorite, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond A. 286, 453-491 (1977)

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025

Zega, T. J., Buseck, P. R. (2000) Mineralogy of a Fine-Grained Rim Within the Cold Bokkeveld CM Chondrite; a Transmission Electron Microscopy Study. 63rd Annual Meteoritical Society Meeting.

ⓘ Montmorillonite

Formula: (Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Barber, D. J. (1985) Phyllosilicates and other layer-structured materials in stony meteorites. Clay Minerals, 20 (4) 415-454 doi:10.1180/claymin.1985.020.4.01

ⓘ Native Iron

Formula: Fe

Localities:

Hex River Mountains meteorite, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa
Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

ⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite

Formula: (Fe,Ni)

Localities:

ⓘ Native Sulphur

Formula: S₈

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Brian Harold Mason (1962). Meteorites. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.: New York and London. 274 pages.

ⓘ Pentlandite

Formula: (Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025

Zega, T. J., Buseck, P. R. (2000) Mineralogy of a Fine-Grained Rim Within the Cold Bokkeveld CM Chondrite; a Transmission Electron Microscopy Study. 63rd Annual Meteoritical Society Meeting.

ⓘ Perovskite

Formula: CaTiO₃

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Richard C. Greenwood, Robert Hutchinson & G. Cressy (1991). Spinel-bearing refractory inclusions in Cold Bokkeveld. Meteoritics 26, #4, 340. (Dec 1991).

ⓘ 'Psilomelane'

Locality: Balliesgat, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa. p.1-290.

ⓘ Pyrolusite

Formula: Mn⁴⁺O₂

Locality: Balliesgat, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa. p.1-290.

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Emma S. Bullock, Kevin D. McKeegan, Matthieu Gounelle, Monica M. Grady & Sara S. RussellL (2010 ). Meteoritics & Planetary Science 45, #5, 885–898. (May 2010).

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Locality: Ceres, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

Description: Collected by Pierre Joubert on a friend's farm near Ceres.

References:

Sorrell, Steve (n.d.) Personal communication.

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Nazarov, M. A.; Kurat, G.; Brandstaetter, F.; Ntaflos, T.; Chaussidon, M.; Hoppe, P. (2009) Phosphorus-bearing sulfides and their associations in CM chondrites. Petrology, 17 (2). 101-123 doi:10.1134/s0869591109020015

ⓘ Schreibersite

Formula: (Fe,Ni)₃P

Localities:

Description: As rhabdites in metal.

ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'

Formula: D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Brian Harold Mason (1962). Meteorites. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.: New York and London. 274 pages.

Zega, T. J., Buseck, P. R. (2000) Mineralogy of a Fine-Grained Rim Within the Cold Bokkeveld CM Chondrite; a Transmission Electron Microscopy Study. 63rd Annual Meteoritical Society Meeting.

Thomas J. Zega & Peter R. Buseck (2003). Fine-grained-rim mineralogy of the Cold Bokkeveld CM chondrite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67, #9, 1711-1721. (May 2003.)

ⓘ Spinel

Formula: MgAl₂O₄

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Martin R. Lee (1993). The petrography, mineralogy and origins of calcium sulphate within the Cold Bokkeveld CM carbonaceous chondrite. Meteoritics 28, #1, 53-62. (Mar 1993).

ⓘ Tochilinite

Formula: Fe²⁺_5-6(Mg,Fe²⁺)₅S₆(OH)₁₀

Locality: Koue Bokkeveld meteorite, Koue Bokkeveld Mountain, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Zega, T. J., Buseck, P. R. (2000) Mineralogy of a Fine-Grained Rim Within the Cold Bokkeveld CM Chondrite; a Transmission Electron Microscopy Study. 63rd Annual Meteoritical Society Meeting.

Thomas J. Zega & Peter R. Buseck (2003). Fine-grained-rim mineralogy of the Cold Bokkeveld CM chondrite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67, #9, 1711-1721. (May 2003.)

ⓘ Troilite

Formula: FeS

Localities:

ⓘ 'UM1966-02-E:FeNi'

Formula: Fe_0.94Ni_0.06

Locality: Hex River Mountains meteorite, Witzenberg Local Municipality, Cape Winelands District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa

References:

Ramsden, A. R., Cameron, E. N. (1966) Kamacite and taenite superstructures and a metastable tetragonal phase in iron meteorites. American Mineralogist, 51 (1-2) 37-55

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Iron	1.AE.05	Fe
ⓘ	var. Kamacite	1.AE.05	(Fe,Ni)
ⓘ	Carlsbergite	1.BC.15	CrN
ⓘ	Schreibersite	1.BD.05	(Fe,Ni)₃P
ⓘ	Barringerite	1.BD.10	(Fe,Ni)₂P
ⓘ	Native Sulphur	1.CC.05	S₈
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Pentlandite	2.BB.15	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Troilite	2.CC.10	FeS
ⓘ	Daubréelite	2.DA.05	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂S₄
ⓘ	Tochilinite	2.FD.35	Fe²⁺_5-6(Mg,Fe²⁺)₅S₆(OH)₁₀
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Chromite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Spinel	4.BB.05	MgAl₂O₄
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Perovskite	4.CC.30	CaTiO₃
ⓘ	Hibonite	4.CC.45	CaAl₁₂O₁₉
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Pyrolusite	4.DB.05	Mn⁴⁺O₂
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Aragonite	5.AB.15	CaCO₃
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Anhydrite	7.AD.30	CaSO₄
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Bassanite	7.CD.45	Ca(SO₄) · 0.5H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Chrysotile	9.00.	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
ⓘ	Fayalite	9.AC.05	Fe²⁺₂(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Forsterite	9.AC.05	Mg₂(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Enstatite	9.DA.05	Mg₂Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Clinoenstatite	9.DA.10	MgSiO₃
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Kosmochlor	9.DA.25	NaCrSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Montmorillonite	9.EC.40	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Cronstedtite	9.ED.15	Fe²⁺₂Fe³⁺((Si,Fe³⁺)₂O₅)(OH)₄
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Psilomelane'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Serpentine Subgroup'	-	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
ⓘ	'UM1966-02-E:FeNi'	-	Fe_0.94Ni_0.06

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Bassanite	Ca(SO₄) · 0.5H₂O
H	ⓘ Chrysotile	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Cronstedtite	Fe₂²⁺Fe³⁺((Si,Fe³⁺)₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Tochilinite	Fe²⁺_5-6(Mg,Fe²⁺)₅S₆(OH)₁₀
H	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
N	Nitrogen
N	ⓘ Carlsbergite	CrN
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
O	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Bassanite	Ca(SO₄) · 0.5H₂O
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Chrysotile	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Clinoenstatite	MgSiO₃
O	ⓘ Cronstedtite	Fe₂²⁺Fe³⁺((Si,Fe³⁺)₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Forsterite	Mg₂(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Hibonite	CaAl₁₂O₁₉
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Kosmochlor	NaCrSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
O	ⓘ Pyrolusite	Mn⁴⁺O₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
O	ⓘ Tochilinite	Fe²⁺_5-6(Mg,Fe²⁺)₅S₆(OH)₁₀
O	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
O	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Kosmochlor	NaCrSi₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Chrysotile	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Mg	ⓘ Clinoenstatite	MgSiO₃
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Forsterite	Mg₂(SiO₄)
Mg	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Mg	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Mg	ⓘ Tochilinite	Fe²⁺_5-6(Mg,Fe²⁺)₅S₆(OH)₁₀
Mg	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Hibonite	CaAl₁₂O₁₉
Al	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Al	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Chrysotile	Mg₃(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Clinoenstatite	MgSiO₃
Si	ⓘ Cronstedtite	Fe₂²⁺Fe³⁺((Si,Fe³⁺)₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Forsterite	Mg₂(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Kosmochlor	NaCrSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Si	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Barringerite	(Fe,Ni)₂P
P	ⓘ Schreibersite	(Fe,Ni)₃P
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
S	ⓘ Bassanite	Ca(SO₄) · 0.5H₂O
S	ⓘ Daubréelite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺S₄
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Native Sulphur	S₈
S	ⓘ Tochilinite	Fe²⁺_5-6(Mg,Fe²⁺)₅S₆(OH)₁₀
S	ⓘ Troilite	FeS
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
Ca	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Bassanite	Ca(SO₄) · 0.5H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Hibonite	CaAl₁₂O₁₉
Ca	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Ca	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Carlsbergite	CrN
Cr	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Cr	ⓘ Daubréelite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺S₄
Cr	ⓘ Kosmochlor	NaCrSi₂O₆
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Pyrolusite	Mn⁴⁺O₂
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Barringerite	(Fe,Ni)₂P
Fe	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Cronstedtite	Fe₂²⁺Fe³⁺((Si,Fe³⁺)₂O₅)(OH)₄
Fe	ⓘ Daubréelite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺S₄
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺(SiO₄)
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Native Iron	Fe
Fe	ⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite	(Fe,Ni)
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Schreibersite	(Fe,Ni)₃P
Fe	ⓘ Tochilinite	Fe²⁺_5-6(Mg,Fe²⁺)₅S₆(OH)₁₀
Fe	ⓘ Troilite	FeS
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Fe	ⓘ UM1966-02-E:FeNi	Fe_0.94Ni_0.06
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Barringerite	(Fe,Ni)₂P
Ni	ⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite	(Fe,Ni)
Ni	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Ni	ⓘ Schreibersite	(Fe,Ni)₃P
Ni	ⓘ UM1966-02-E:FeNi	Fe_0.94Ni_0.06

Fossils

There are 205 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences

205

Youngest Fossil Listed

359 Ma (Carboniferous)

Oldest Fossil Listed

408 Ma (Early/Lower Devonian)

Stratigraphic Units

Click here to view 16 stratigraphic units.

Fossils from Region

Click here to show the list.

Accepted Name	Hierarchy	Age
Hexactinellida class	Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Conularia genus	Animalia : Cnidaria : Staurozoa : Stauromedusae : Conulariidae : *Conularia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Favosites genus	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : *Favosites*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Zaphrenthis genus	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Zaphrentidae : *Zaphrenthis*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Orthotheca genus	Animalia : Hyolitha : Orthothecida : *Orthotheca*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Hyolithes genus	Animalia : Hyolitha : Hyolithida : Hyolithidae : *Hyolithes*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Tentaculites genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Tentaculitidae : *Tentaculites*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Bellerophon genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontidae : *Bellerophon*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Orthoceras genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Orthoceratidae : *Orthoceras*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Bivalvia class	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Ctenodonta genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Ctenodontidae : *Ctenodonta*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Nuculana genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : *Nuculana*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Nuculites genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Malletiidae : *Nuculites*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Palaeoneilo genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Malletiidae : *Palaeoneilo*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Janeia genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Solemyidae : *Janeia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Actinopteria genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pterineidae : *Actinopteria*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Myalina genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : *Myalina*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Cardiomorpha genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Edmondiidae : *Cardiomorpha*	407.6 - 391.9 Ma Devonian
Grammysia genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Grammysiidae : *Grammysia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Pleurodapis genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : *Pleurodapis*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Sanguinolites genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Grammysiidae : *Sanguinolites*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Trilobita class	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Bainella genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Calmoniidae : *Bainella*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Burmeisteria genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Homalonotidae : *Burmeisteria*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Gamonedaspis genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Dalmanitidae : *Gamonedaspis*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Metacryphaeus genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Calmoniidae : *Metacryphaeus*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Pennaia genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Calmoniidae : *Pennaia*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Bryozoa phylum	Animalia : Bryozoa	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Stenopora genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Trepostomatida : Stenoporidae : *Stenopora*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Fenestella genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Fenestrida : Fenestellidae : *Fenestella*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Brachiopoda phylum	Animalia : Brachiopoda	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Lingula genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Lingulida : Lingulidae : *Lingula*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Orbiculoidea genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Lingulida : Discinidae : *Orbiculoidea*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Eodevonaria genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Eodevonariidae : *Eodevonaria*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Notiochonetes genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Chonetidae : *Notiochonetes*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Schellwienella genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Orthotetida : Pulsiidae : *Schellwienella*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Acrospirifer genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Acrospiriferidae : *Acrospirifer*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Ambocoelia genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Ambocoeliidae : *Ambocoelia*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Australospirifer genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Hysterolitidae : *Australospirifer*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Meristella genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Athyridida : Meristellidae : *Meristella*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Australocoelia genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Leptocoeliidae : *Australocoelia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Coelospira genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Athyridida : Anoplothecidae : *Coelospira*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Centronella genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Centronellidae : *Centronella*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Derbyina genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Mutationellidae : *Derbyina*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Rensselaeria genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Centronellidae : *Rensselaeria*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Tropidoleptus genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Tropidoleptidae : *Tropidoleptus*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Echinodermata phylum	Animalia : Echinodermata	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Blastoidea subclass	Animalia : Echinodermata : Blastoidea	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Placocystella genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Stylophora : Mitrata : *Placocystella*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Asteroidea class	Animalia : Echinodermata : Asteroidea	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Ophiuroidea class	Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Crinoidea class	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Ophiocrinus genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : *Ophiocrinus*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Cradeocrinus genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : *Cradeocrinus*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Thalamocrinus genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : *Thalamocrinus*	402.5 - 391.9 Ma Devonian
Acanthodii unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Acanthodii	407.6 - 391.9 Ma Devonian
Platyceras (Platyostoma) subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Platyceratidae : Platyceras : *Platyceras (Platyostoma)*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Lycopsida class	Plantae : Pteridophyta : Lycopsida	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Plectonotus laticarinata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontida : Plectonotidae : Plectonotus : *Plectonotus laticarinata*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Camerata subclass	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Camerata	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Strataster genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Protasteridae : *Strataster*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Strataster ohioensis species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Protasteridae : Strataster : *Strataster ohioensis*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Asterozoa subphylum	Animalia : Echinodermata : Asterozoa	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Strophomena (Strophodonta) subgenus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Strophodontidae : *Strophomena (Strophodonta)*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Blastozoa subphylum	Animalia : Echinodermata : Blastozoa	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Encrinaster tischbeinianus species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Encrinasteridae : Encrinaster : *Encrinaster tischbeinianus*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Trepostomata order	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Trepostomatida	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Dignomia lepta species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Lingulida : Lingulidae : Dignomia : *Dignomia lepta*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Aulacolatiaster breviramus species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Asteroidea : Promopalaeasteridae : Aulacolatiaster : *Aulacolatiaster breviramus*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Ulrichaster macrodentatus species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Asteroidea : Urasterellidae : Ulrichaster : *Ulrichaster macrodentatus*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Haughtonaster reedi species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Stenuroidea : Eophiuridae : Haughtonaster : *Haughtonaster reedi*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Hexuraster weitzi species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Cheiropterasteridae : Hexuraster : *Hexuraster weitzi*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Marginura hilleri species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Encrinasteridae : Marginura : *Marginura hilleri*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Eugasterella africana species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Palaeophiuridae : Eugasterella : *Eugasterella africana*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Strataster stuckenbergi species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Oegophiurida : Protasteridae : Strataster : *Strataster stuckenbergi*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Typhloniscus genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Calmoniidae : *Typhloniscus*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Ptomatis africanoides species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontida : Plectonotidae : Ptomatis : *Ptomatis africanoides*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Pachyblastus dicki species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Fissiculata : Pachyblastus : *Pachyblastus dicki*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Sacrinus genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Rutkowskicrinidae : *Sacrinus*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Sacrinus gamkaensis species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Rutkowskicrinidae : Sacrinus : *Sacrinus gamkaensis*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Brachyschisma oostheizeni species	Animalia : Echinodermata : Fissiculata : Brachyschismatidae : Brachyschisma : *Brachyschisma oostheizeni*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Hannestheronia australis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Strobilepidae : Hannestheronia : *Hannestheronia australis*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Haplostigma genus	Plantae : Pteridophyta : *Haplostigma*	393.3 - 358.9 Ma Devonian
Archaeosigillaria genus	Plantae : Lycopodiophyta : *Archaeosigillaria*	393.3 - 358.9 Ma Devonian
Praeramunculus genus	Progymnospermopsida : *Praeramunculus*	393.3 - 358.9 Ma Devonian
Dutoitia genus	Plantae : *Dutoitia*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Palaeostigma genus	Plantae : Tracheophyta : Rhyniaceae : *Palaeostigma*	393.3 - 358.9 Ma Devonian
Mandelacrinus genus	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Periechocrinidae : *Mandelacrinus*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Psilophytopsida class	Plantae : Psilophytophyta : Psilophytopsida	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Pragozyga zwartbergense species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Palaeozygopleuridae : Pragozyga : *Pragozyga zwartbergense*	407.6 - 393.3 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Hyolithes dorbignyi species	Animalia : Hyolitha : Hyolithida : Hyolithidae : Hyolithes : *Hyolithes dorbignyi*	393.3 - 387.7 Ma Devonian

Fossil Localities

Click to show 16 fossil localities

Other Databases

Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witzenberg_Local_Municipality
Wikidata ID:	Q474835
GeoNames ID:	3359166

Localities in this Region

South Africa

Western Cape
- Cape Winelands District Municipality
  - Witzenberg Local Municipality

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

AfricaContinent

African PlateTectonic Plate

Cape Fold BeltOrogenic Belt
Karoo basinBasin

South Africa

Southern Great Escarpment

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